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{{merge to|Shooting of Jamar Clark|discuss=Talk:Shooting of Jamar Clark#Proposed merge with 2015 Minneapolis shooting|date=November 2015}}
{{merge to|Shooting of Jamar Clark|discuss=Talk:Shooting of Jamar Clark#Proposed merge with 2015 Minneapolis shooting|date=November 2015}}
{{Current|date=November 2015}}
{{current|date=November 2015}}{{LR|date=November 2015}}

{{infobox civilian attack
{{infobox civilian attack
| title = 2015 Minneapolis shooting
| title = 2015 Minneapolis shooting
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* Additional suspects sought
* Additional suspects sought
| numparts = At least three
| numparts = At least three
| motive = Unclear; possible hate crime
| motive = Unclear; possible hate crime, possible self-defense<ref>{{cite web | url=http://web.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/three-men-who-shot-black-lives-matter-protesters-emerged-internets-racist-swamps | title=Three Men Who Shot Black Lives Matter Protesters Emerged From Internet’s Racist Swamps | date=27 November 2015 | accessdate=27 November 2015}}</ref>
}}
}}


On November 23, 2015, five black men protesting the [[shooting of Jamar Clark]] at a [[Black Lives Matter]] rally in North [[Minneapolis]] were shot, allegedly by a group of [[White supremacy| white supremacists]].<ref name=st>{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Mary Lynn|title=Five people were shot near Black Lives Matter protest site|url=http://www.startribune.com/several-people-were-shot-near-black-lives-matter-protest-site/353121881/|website=startribune.com|publisher=[[Star Tribune]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref> Police have arrested three white men, aged, 21, 23 and 26 in connection with the shooting.<ref name=st2>{{cite web|last1=Zamora|first1=Karen|title=3 in custody, 1 released in 4th Precinct shooting; march to downtown ends|url=http://www.startribune.com/police-searching-for-suspects-who-fired-into-crowd-at-blm-protest-outside-4th-precinct/353154811/|website=startribune.com|publisher=[[Star Tribune]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name=wp>{{cite web|last1=Baumhardt|first1=Alex|title=Minneapolis police say three people in custody after shooting injures five near protests, one suspect released|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2015/11/24/minneapolis-police-arrest-two-people-after-shooting-injures-five-near-protests/|website=washingtonpost.com|publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name=npr>{{cite web|last1=Wagner|first1=Laura|title=3 People In Custody In Shooting Of 5 Black Lives Matter Protesters In Minneapolis|url=http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/11/24/457214142/5-people-are-shot-at-site-of-black-lives-matter-protest-in-minneapolis|website=npr.org|publisher=[[National Public Radio]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name=cnn>{{cite news|last1=Payne|first1=Ed|title=3 in custody after shooting near Jamar Clark protest site in Minneapolis|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/24/us/minneapolis-jamar-clark-police-shooting/|website=cnn.com|publisher=CNN|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref>
On November 23, 2015, five men protesting the [[shooting of Jamar Clark]] at a [[Black Lives Matter]] rally in North [[Minneapolis]] were shot in self defense.<ref name=st>{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Mary Lynn|title=Five people were shot near Black Lives Matter protest site|url=http://www.startribune.com/several-people-were-shot-near-black-lives-matter-protest-site/353121881/|website=startribune.com|publisher=[[Star Tribune]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref> Police have arrested three men, aged, 21, 23 and 26 in connection with the shooting.<ref name=st2>{{cite web|last1=Zamora|first1=Karen|title=3 in custody, 1 released in 4th Precinct shooting; march to downtown ends|url=http://www.startribune.com/police-searching-for-suspects-who-fired-into-crowd-at-blm-protest-outside-4th-precinct/353154811/|website=startribune.com|publisher=[[Star Tribune]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name=wp>{{cite web|last1=Baumhardt|first1=Alex|title=Minneapolis police say three people in custody after shooting injures five near protests, one suspect released|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2015/11/24/minneapolis-police-arrest-two-people-after-shooting-injures-five-near-protests/|website=washingtonpost.com|publisher=[[Washington Post]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name=npr>{{cite web|last1=Wagner|first1=Laura|title=3 People In Custody In Shooting Of 5 Black Lives Matter Protesters In Minneapolis|url=http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/11/24/457214142/5-people-are-shot-at-site-of-black-lives-matter-protest-in-minneapolis|website=npr.org|publisher=[[National Public Radio]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name=cnn>{{cite web|last1=Payne|first1=Ed|title=3 in custody after shooting near Jamar Clark protest site in Minneapolis|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/24/us/minneapolis-jamar-clark-police-shooting/|website=cnn.com|publisher=[[CNN]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref>


== Background ==
== Background ==
Line 25: Line 26:
On November 15, eight days prior to the shooting, a 24-year-old black man named Jamar Clark was killed by [[Minneapolis Police Department|Minneapolis police]]. Clark was suspected of assaulting his girlfriend, but was unarmed when killed. Some witnesses to his shooting have stated he was handcuffed when killed and shot "execution-style", which has led to [[Black Lives Matter]] protests in the area.<ref name=heavy>{{cite web|last1=Cleary|first1=Tom|title=Jamar Clark: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|url=http://heavy.com/news/2015/11/jamar-clark-minneapolis-minnesota-police-shooting-shot-dead-killed-shooting-protests-handcuffed-unarmed-justice4jamar-jamesandplymouth-james-plymouth-photo/|website=heavy.com|publisher=Heavy|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref>
On November 15, eight days prior to the shooting, a 24-year-old black man named Jamar Clark was killed by [[Minneapolis Police Department|Minneapolis police]]. Clark was suspected of assaulting his girlfriend, but was unarmed when killed. Some witnesses to his shooting have stated he was handcuffed when killed and shot "execution-style", which has led to [[Black Lives Matter]] protests in the area.<ref name=heavy>{{cite web|last1=Cleary|first1=Tom|title=Jamar Clark: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|url=http://heavy.com/news/2015/11/jamar-clark-minneapolis-minnesota-police-shooting-shot-dead-killed-shooting-protests-handcuffed-unarmed-justice4jamar-jamesandplymouth-james-plymouth-photo/|website=heavy.com|publisher=Heavy|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref>


There had been online threats made to protesters by masked white men and reports of white supremacists coming to the protesters and confronting the protesters with weapons.<ref name=st /><ref name=yahoo /><ref>{{cite web|author=Ben Norton |url=http://www.salon.com/2015/11/24/five_people_shot_at_black_lives_matter_protest_in_minneapolis_police/ |title=Five people shot at Black Lives Matter protest in Minneapolis: Police |publisher=Salon.com |date= |accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref> The gunmen had also previously shot a video days before the shooting, of them using racial slurs and complaining of the actions of [[Black Lives Matter]], the men later show their loaded weapons they are to bring to the protest that night.<ref>{{cite web|last=Miller |first=Michael E. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/11/25/the-chilling-video-that-foreshadowed-violence-days-before-minneapolis-shooting/ |title=The chilling video that foreshadowed violence days before Minneapolis shootings |publisher=The Washington Post |date=2015-11-20 |accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref>
On November 23, the group allegedly responsible for the self defense shooting of protesters had caused suspicion prior to the shooting.<ref name=yahoo>{{cite web|last1=Forliti|first1=Amy|title=Group raised suspicions before 5 were shot at police protest|url=http://news.yahoo.com/minneapolis-police-5-shot-near-protest-scene-060941230.html|website=yahoo.com|publisher=[[Yahoo]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref> There had been online meme videos made about protesters by masked men, one of whom has been describe as a Hispanic white supremacist, and reports of people who disagree with the protesters coming to the protests and being confronted by the protesters.<ref name=st /><ref name=yahoo /> <ref>http://www.salon.com/2015/11/24/five_people_shot_at_black_lives_matter_protest_in_minneapolis_police/</ref> The memers had also previously shot a video days before the shooting, of them using funny memes and complaining of the actions of [[Black Lives Matter]], the men later show their legally owned weapons they are to bring to the protest that night.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/11/25/the-chilling-video-that-foreshadowed-violence-days-before-minneapolis-shooting/</ref>


== Shooting ==
== Shooting ==
The shooting occurred at 10:45 p.m. on November 23. Protesters state that the three white men, at least one of whom was wearing a [[ski mask]], showed up to the protest and began to call the protesters racial slurs,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/shot-minneapolis-police-protest-article-1.2444905 |title=Five people shot at Minneapolis Black Lives Matter protest |publisher=NY Daily News |date= |accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref> later a group of protesters attempted to herd them away. When they began to be escorted away, the shooters began to run, protesters began to chase the men as well. One of the men fell to the ground and a protester helped him up, noticing that the man was wearing a bullet proof vest.<ref name=yahoo>{{cite web|last1=Forliti|first1=Amy|title=Group raised suspicions before 5 were shot at police protest|url=http://news.yahoo.com/minneapolis-police-5-shot-near-protest-scene-060941230.html|website=yahoo.com|publisher=[[Yahoo]]|accessdate=November 24, 2015}}</ref> At some point, the three men fired a weapon at the protesters.<ref name=st /><ref name=st2 /> The shooter later said that the protesters attacked him first before he opened fire.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/minneapolis-black-lives-matter-jamar-clark-protest-police-shooting/ |title=Court document says Minneapolis Black Lives Matter Jamar Clark protest shooting suspect confessed to police officer friend |publisher=CBS News |date= |accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref>{{not in citation given|date=November 2015}} Five men were shot, but none of them suffered life-threatening wounds.<ref name=st /><ref name=st2 /><ref name=wp /><ref name=npr /><ref name=cnn />
The shooting occurred at 10:45 p.m. on November 23. The three men, at least one of whom, much like the protesters, was wearing a [[ski mask]], showed up to the protest and stood there,<ref>http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/shot-minneapolis-police-protest-article-1.2444905</ref> later a group of protesters punched them in the face and chased them. Reasonably fearing for their lives, the three men fired a weapon at their attackers.<ref name=st /><ref name=st2 /> <ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/news/minneapolis-black-lives-matter-jamar-clark-protest-police-shooting/</ref> Five men were shot, but none of them suffered life-threatening wounds.<ref name=st /><ref name=st2 /><ref name=wp /><ref name=npr /><ref name=cnn />


[[Black Lives Matter]] has alleged, based on no evidence, that the shooters were [[white supremacists]] and that the shooting was an act of [[domestic terrorism]].<ref name=st /><ref name=st2 /><ref name=wp /><ref name=npr /><ref name=cnn />
⚫
[[Black Lives Matter]] has alleged that the shooters were [[white supremacists]] and that the shooting was an act of [[domestic terrorism]].<ref name=st /><ref name=st2 /><ref name=wp /><ref name=npr /><ref name=cnn /> After the shooting many debated whether the attack could be labeled as [[terrorism]], and why others will not label it as terrorism. Supporters of the "terrorism" stance stated that the shooting was an act of terror because it was an act of violence to enforce a political view thus fitting the definition of terrorism. Opponents said that racist terrorism is rarely labeled as terrorism.<ref>{{cite web|last=Timberg |first=Scott |url=http://www.alternet.org/media/why-white-supremacists-who-shot-black-lives-matter-protesters-arent-called-terrorists |title=Why the Media Refuses to Call the White Supremacists Who Shot Black Lives Matter Protesters 'Terrorists' |publisher=Alternet |date= |accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/24/minneapolis-protesters-shot-terrorize-black-people |title=The men who shot at the Minneapolis protesters want to scare all black people &#124; Steven W Thrasher &#124; Comment is free |publisher=The Guardian |date=2014-10-28 |accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref>


== Arrests ==
== Arrests ==
At 11:20 a.m. the next day, a 23-year-old white man was taken into custody in [[Bloomington, Minnesota|Bloomington]].<ref name=st2 /><ref name=wp /><ref name=npr /> A 32-year-old hispanic man was arrested in Minneapolis, but was released after it was determined he was not at the shooting and that he was not white.<ref name=wp /> At 2:30 p.m., two white men, ages 21 and 26, turned themselves into police.<ref name=st2 />
At 11:20 a.m. the next day, a 23-year-old man was taken into custody in [[Bloomington, Minnesota|Bloomington]].<ref name=st2 /><ref name=wp /><ref name=npr />A 32-year-old hispanic man, described by protesters as a white supremacist, was arrested in Minneapolis, but was released after it was determined he was not at the shooting.<ref name=wp /> At 2:30 p.m., two men, ages 21 and 26, turned themselves into police.<ref name=st2 />

⚫
One of the suspects, a former Marine and Iraq war veteran, has flags on on his Facebook profile, and is believed to be "SaigaMarine", described by protesters as a Hispanic white supremacist. As SaigaMarine, he was also well-known on [[4Chan]]'s weapons-themed /k/ board, where racial memes are commonly posted. <ref name="saigamarine">{{cite web|url=http://www.startribune.com/social-media-offer-clues-into-shooting-suspects-motives/353411111/|title=Social media offering picture of men who went to protest 'locked and loaded'}}</ref>

== Second shooting ==
The day after the shooting [[Black Lives Matter]] organized another protest. Around midnight reports came in of shots fired. No one knows who shot or why. Nobody was hurt, and nobody has been arrested. It is very likely unrelated.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/11/25/shots-fired-at-minneapolis-protest-2nd-night-in-a-row/</ref>

== Controversy ==
⚫
After the shooting many foolishly debated whether the attack could be labeled as [[terrorism]], and why others will not label it as [[terrorism]]. It was ludicrously argued that the shooting was an act of terror because it was an act of violence to enforce a political view, despite any evidence, thus fitting the definition of [[terrorism]]. It was also argued that racist terrorism is rarely labeled as [[terrorism]]. <ref>http://www.alternet.org/media/why-white-supremacists-who-shot-black-lives-matter-protesters-arent-called-terrorists</ref><ref>http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/24/minneapolis-protesters-shot-terrorize-black-people</ref>

== Video Evidence ==
1) Black youth letting you know what they're about
https://youtube.com/watch?v=Y-tjtYBzK9M

2) Throwing rocks at cops
https://youtube.com/watch?v=p77G4Ip6ehE

3) Throwing molotovs at the police station
https://youtube.com/watch?v=wgJkadY-1hw

4) "Lets kill their kids"
https://youtube.com/watch?v=hCGpnsuuTMY

5) Patrolling the outside of the protest looking for whites
https://youtube.com/watch?v=Vsz3qOTsZ84

6) Men approached by protesters seemingly unprovoked
https://youtube.com/watch?v=PtIMZax3Z6Q

7) Admission that the men were approached because they were white
https://youtube.com/watch?v=36pp69Xx3cU

8) Protesters surround and choke one of the men
https://youtube.com/watch?v=KrjZeD_qmu0

9) Confrontation; victims perspective(no sound in source either)
https://youtube.com/watch?v=Hc3c6cK9p_w


10) Admission by protesters that they were striking the men and then chased them
⚫
One of the suspects, a former Marine and Iraq war veteran, supposedly has Confederate flags on on his [[Facebook]] profile. One source says that he is believed to be "SaigaMarine", a masked man who, days before, had published a video on [[YouTube]] in which he brandished guns, used racial slurs, and talked about disrupting the Black Lives Matter protests. "SaigaMarine" was also well-known on [[4Chan]]'s weapons-themed /k/ board, where racial slurs are commonly posted.<ref name="saigamarine">{{cite web|url=http://www.startribune.com/social-media-offer-clues-into-shooting-suspects-motives/353411111/|title=Social media offering picture of men who went to protest 'locked and loaded'|publisher=Startribune.com|accessdate=2015-11-27}}</ref>
https://youtube.com/watch?v=w3-XIGJZMEI


==See also==
== See Also ==
* [[16th Street Baptist Church bombing]]
* [[16th Street Baptist Church bombing]]
* [[2015 Lafayette shooting]]
* [[2015 Lafayette shooting]]
* [[Charleston church shooting]]
* [[Charleston church shooting]]


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


{{Black Lives Matter}}
{{Black Lives Matter}}
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[[Category:Terrorism in the United States]]
[[Category:Terrorism in the United States]]
[[Category:White supremacy in the United States]]
[[Category:White supremacy in the United States]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in the United States in 2015]]

Revision as of 19:44, 27 November 2015

2015 Minneapolis shooting
LocationMinneapolis, Minnesota
DateNovember 23, 2015
c. 10:45 p.m. (CST)
TargetBlack Lives Matter protesters
Attack type
Shooting
Deaths0
Injured5
No. of participants
At least three
MotiveUnclear; possible hate crime

On November 23, 2015, five men protesting the shooting of Jamar Clark at a Black Lives Matter rally in North Minneapolis were shot in self defense.[1] Police have arrested three men, aged, 21, 23 and 26 in connection with the shooting.[2][3][4][5]

Background

See also: Shooting of Jamar Clark

On November 15, eight days prior to the shooting, a 24-year-old black man named Jamar Clark was killed by Minneapolis police. Clark was suspected of assaulting his girlfriend, but was unarmed when killed. Some witnesses to his shooting have stated he was handcuffed when killed and shot "execution-style", which has led to Black Lives Matter protests in the area.[6]

On November 23, the group allegedly responsible for the self defense shooting of protesters had caused suspicion prior to the shooting.[7] There had been online meme videos made about protesters by masked men, one of whom has been describe as a Hispanic white supremacist, and reports of people who disagree with the protesters coming to the protests and being confronted by the protesters.[1][7] [8] The memers had also previously shot a video days before the shooting, of them using funny memes and complaining of the actions of Black Lives Matter, the men later show their legally owned weapons they are to bring to the protest that night.[9]

Shooting

The shooting occurred at 10:45 p.m. on November 23. The three men, at least one of whom, much like the protesters, was wearing a ski mask, showed up to the protest and stood there,[10] later a group of protesters punched them in the face and chased them. Reasonably fearing for their lives, the three men fired a weapon at their attackers.[1][2] [11] Five men were shot, but none of them suffered life-threatening wounds.[1][2][3][4][5]

Black Lives Matter has alleged, based on no evidence, that the shooters were white supremacists and that the shooting was an act of domestic terrorism.[1][2][3][4][5]

Arrests

At 11:20 a.m. the next day, a 23-year-old man was taken into custody in Bloomington.[2][3][4]A 32-year-old hispanic man, described by protesters as a white supremacist, was arrested in Minneapolis, but was released after it was determined he was not at the shooting.[3] At 2:30 p.m., two men, ages 21 and 26, turned themselves into police.[2]

One of the suspects, a former Marine and Iraq war veteran, has flags on on his Facebook profile, and is believed to be "SaigaMarine", described by protesters as a Hispanic white supremacist. As SaigaMarine, he was also well-known on 4Chan's weapons-themed /k/ board, where racial memes are commonly posted. [12]

Second shooting

The day after the shooting Black Lives Matter organized another protest. Around midnight reports came in of shots fired. No one knows who shot or why. Nobody was hurt, and nobody has been arrested. It is very likely unrelated.[13]

Controversy

After the shooting many foolishly debated whether the attack could be labeled as terrorism, and why others will not label it as terrorism. It was ludicrously argued that the shooting was an act of terror because it was an act of violence to enforce a political view, despite any evidence, thus fitting the definition of terrorism. It was also argued that racist terrorism is rarely labeled as terrorism. [14][15]

Video Evidence

1) Black youth letting you know what they're about https://youtube.com/watch?v=Y-tjtYBzK9M

2) Throwing rocks at cops https://youtube.com/watch?v=p77G4Ip6ehE

3) Throwing molotovs at the police station https://youtube.com/watch?v=wgJkadY-1hw

4) "Lets kill their kids" https://youtube.com/watch?v=hCGpnsuuTMY

5) Patrolling the outside of the protest looking for whites https://youtube.com/watch?v=Vsz3qOTsZ84

6) Men approached by protesters seemingly unprovoked https://youtube.com/watch?v=PtIMZax3Z6Q

7) Admission that the men were approached because they were white https://youtube.com/watch?v=36pp69Xx3cU

8) Protesters surround and choke one of the men https://youtube.com/watch?v=KrjZeD_qmu0

9) Confrontation; victims perspective(no sound in source either) https://youtube.com/watch?v=Hc3c6cK9p_w

10) Admission by protesters that they were striking the men and then chased them https://youtube.com/watch?v=w3-XIGJZMEI

See Also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Smith, Mary Lynn. "Five people were shot near Black Lives Matter protest site". startribune.com. Star Tribune. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Zamora, Karen. "3 in custody, 1 released in 4th Precinct shooting; march to downtown ends". startribune.com. Star Tribune. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e Baumhardt, Alex. "Minneapolis police say three people in custody after shooting injures five near protests, one suspect released". washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d Wagner, Laura. "3 People In Custody In Shooting Of 5 Black Lives Matter Protesters In Minneapolis". npr.org. National Public Radio. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c Payne, Ed. "3 in custody after shooting near Jamar Clark protest site in Minneapolis". cnn.com. CNN. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  6. ^ Cleary, Tom. "Jamar Clark: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". heavy.com. Heavy. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  7. ^ a b Forliti, Amy. "Group raised suspicions before 5 were shot at police protest". yahoo.com. Yahoo. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  8. ^ http://www.salon.com/2015/11/24/five_people_shot_at_black_lives_matter_protest_in_minneapolis_police/
  9. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/11/25/the-chilling-video-that-foreshadowed-violence-days-before-minneapolis-shooting/
  10. ^ http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/shot-minneapolis-police-protest-article-1.2444905
  11. ^ http://www.cbsnews.com/news/minneapolis-black-lives-matter-jamar-clark-protest-police-shooting/
  12. ^ "Social media offering picture of men who went to protest 'locked and loaded'".
  13. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/11/25/shots-fired-at-minneapolis-protest-2nd-night-in-a-row/
  14. ^ http://www.alternet.org/media/why-white-supremacists-who-shot-black-lives-matter-protesters-arent-called-terrorists
  15. ^ http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/24/minneapolis-protesters-shot-terrorize-black-people
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