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[[Image:Cytisus scoparius2.jpg|thumb|250px|right|A [[broom (shrub)|broom]] shrub in flower.]]
[[Image:Cytisus scoparius2.jpg|thumb|250px|right|A [[broom (shrub)|broom]] shrub in flower.]]
[[Image:Sheringham Park 1.JPG|thumb|250px|right|A [[Rhododendron]] shrubbery in [[Sheringham Park]].]]
[[Image:Sheringham Park 1.JPG|thumb|250px|right|A [[Rhododendron]] shrubbery in [[Sheringham Park]].]]
First off, Wikipedia is a bad resource to use. Anyone can put whatever they want for pretty much every web page besides a few that are paid to be locked. I strongly recommend to never use Wikipedia as a source again


A '''shrub''' or '''bush''' is distinguished from a [[tree]] by its multiple stems and lower [[height]], usually less than 5–6 m (15–20 ft) tall. A large number of plants can be either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience. Small, low shrubs such as [[lavender]], [[Vinca|periwinkle]] and [[thyme]] are often termed [[subshrub]]s.
A '''shrub''' or '''bush''' is distinguished from a [[tree]] by its multiple stems and lower [[height]], usually less than 5–6 m (15–20 ft) tall. A large number of plants can be either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience. Small, low shrubs such as [[lavender]], [[Vinca|periwinkle]] and [[thyme]] are often termed [[subshrub]]s.
Line 12: Line 11:
== Shrubs as a botanical structural form ==
== Shrubs as a botanical structural form ==
{{main|shrubland}}
{{main|shrubland}}
In botany and [[ecology]] a shrub is more specifically used to describe the particular [[Canopy (biology)|physical structural]] or [[plant life-form]] of woody plants which are less than 8 m high and usually have many stems arising at or near the base.

For example, a descriptive system widely adopted in [[Australia]] is based on structural characteristics based on life-form, plus the height and amount of foliage cover of the tallest layer or [[Dominance (ecology)|dominant]] [[species]].<ref>Costermans, L. F. (1993) ''Native trees and shrubs of South-Eastern Australia''. rev. ed. ISBN 0947116761</ref>

For shrubs 2–8 m high the following structural forms are categorized:
* dense foliage cover (70–100%) — '''closed-[[Scrubland|scrub]]'''
* mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — '''open-[[Scrubland|scrub]]'''
* sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — '''tall [[shrubland]]'''
* very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — '''tall open [[shrubland]]'''

For shrubs less than 2 m high the following structural forms are categorized:
* dense foliage cover (70–100%) — '''closed-[[heath (habitat)|heath]]'''
* mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — '''open-[[heath (habitat)|heath]]'''
* sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — '''low [[shrubland]]'''
* very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — '''low open [[shrubland]]'''

==List of shrubs (bushes)==
Those marked * can also develop into tree form.
{|
|- valign=top
|
;A
*''[[Abelia]]'' ([[Abelia]])
*''[[Actinidia]]'' ([[Actinidia]])
*''[[Aloe]]'' ([[Aloe]])
*''[[Aralia]]'' ([[Angelica Tree]], [[Hercules' Club]]) *
*''[[Arctostaphylos]]'' ([[Bearberry]], [[Manzanita]]) *
*''[[Aronia]]'' ([[Chokeberry]])
*''[[Artemisia (plant)|Artemisia]]'' ([[Sagebrush]])
*''[[Aucuba]]'' ([[Aucuba]])
;B
*''[[Berberis]]'' ([[Barberry]])
*''[[Bougainvillea]]'' ([[Bougainvillea]])
*''[[Brugmansia]]'' ([[Brugmansia|Angel's trumpet]])
*''[[Buddleja]]'' ([[Butterfly bush]])
*''[[Buxus]]'' ([[Buxus|Box]]) *
;C
*''[[Calia]]'' ([[Mescalbean]])
*''[[Callicarpa]]'' ([[Beautyberry]]) *
*''[[Callistemon]]'' ([[Bottlebrush]]) *
*''[[Calluna]]'' (Heather)
*''[[Calycanthus]]'' ([[Sweetshrub]])
*''[[Camellia]]'' ([[Camellia]], [[Tea]]) *
*''[[Caragana]]'' ([[Pea-tree]]) *
*''[[Carpenteria]]'' ([[Carpenteria]])
*''[[Caryopteris]]'' ([[Blue Spiraea]])
*''[[Cassiope]]'' ([[Moss-heather]])
*''[[Ceanothus]]'' ([[Ceanothus]]) *
*''[[Celastrus]]'' ([[Staff vine]]) *
*''[[Ceratostigma]]'' ([[Hardy Plumbago]])
*''[[Cercocarpus]]'' ([[Mountain-mahogany]]) *
*''[[Chaenomeles]]'' ([[Japanese Quince]])
*''[[Chamaebatiaria]]'' ([[Fernbush]])
*''[[Chamaedaphne]]'' ([[Leatherleaf]])
*''[[Chimonanthus]]'' ([[Wintersweet]])
*''[[Chionanthus]]'' ([[Fringe-tree]]) *
*''[[Choisya]]'' ([[Mexican-orange Blossom]]) *
*''[[Cistus]]'' ([[Rockrose]])
*''[[Clerodendrum]]'' ([[Clerodendrum]])
*''[[Clethra]]'' ([[Summersweet]], [[Pepperbush]]) *
*''[[Clianthus]]'' ([[Glory Pea]])
*''[[Colletia]]'' ([[Colletia]])
*''[[Colutea]]'' ([[Bladder Senna]])
*''[[Comptonia]]'' ([[Sweetfern]])
*''[[Dogwood|Cornus]]'' ([[Dogwood]]) *
*''[[Corylopsis]]'' ([[Winter-hazel]]) *
*''[[Cotinus]]'' ([[Smoketree]]) *
*''[[Cotoneaster]]'' ([[Cotoneaster]]) *
*''[[Cowania]]'' ([[Cliffrose]])
*''[[Crataegus]]'' ([[Crataegus|Hawthorn]]) *
*''[[Crinodendron]]'' ([[Crinodendron]]) *
*''[[Cytisus]]'' and allied genera ([[Broom (shrub)|Broom]]) *
;D
*''[[Daboecia]]'' ([[Heath]])
*''[[Danae (plant)|Danae]]'' ([[Alexandrian Laurel]])
*''[[Daphne (plant)|Daphne]]'' ([[Daphne (plant)|Daphne]])
*''[[Decaisnea]]'' ([[Decaisnea]])
*''[[Dasiphora]]'' ([[Shrubby Cinquefoil]])
*''[[Dendromecon]]'' ([[Tree poppy]])
*''[[Desfontainea]]'' ([[Desfontainea]])
*''[[Deutzia]]'' ([[Deutzia]])
*''[[Diervilla]]'' ([[Bush Honeysuckle]])
*''[[Dipelta]]'' ([[Dipelta]])
*''[[Dirca]]'' ([[Leatherwood]])
*''[[Dracaena (plant)|Dracaena]]'' ([[Dracaena (plant)|Dragon tree]]) *
*''[[Drimys]]'' ([[Winter's Bark]]) *
*''[[Dryas (plant)|Dryas]]'' ([[Mountain Avens]])
;E
*''[[Edgeworthia]]'' ([[Paper Bush]]) *
*''[[Elaeagnus]]'' ([[Elaeagnus]]) *
*''[[Embothrium]]'' ([[Chilean Firebush]]) *
*''[[Empetrum]]'' ([[Crowberry]])
*''[[Enkianthus]]'' ([[Pagoda Bush]])
*''[[Ephedra (genus)|Ephedra]]'' ([[Ephedra (genus)|Ephedra]])
*''[[Epigaea]]'' ([[Trailing Arbutus]])
*''[[Erica]]'' ([[Heath]])
*''[[Eriobotrya]]'' ([[Loquat]]) *
*''[[Escallonia]]'' ([[Escallonia]])
*''[[Eucryphia]]'' ([[Eucryphia]]) *
*''[[Euonymus]]'' ([[Spindle (shrub)|Spindle]]) *
*''[[Exochorda]]'' ([[Pearl Bush]])
|
;F
*''[[Fabiana]]'' ([[Fabiana]])
*''[[Fallugia]]'' ([[Apache plume|Apache Plume]])
*''[[Fatsia]]'' ([[Fatsia]])
*''[[Forsythia]]'' ([[Forsythia]])
*''[[Fothergilla]]'' ([[Fothergilla]])
*''[[Franklinia]]'' ([[Franklinia]]) *
*''[[Fremontodendron]]'' ([[Flannelbush]])
*''[[Fuchsia]]'' ([[Fuchsia]]) *
;G
*''[[Garrya]]'' ([[Silk-tassel]]) *
*''[[Gaultheria]]'' ([[Salal]])
*''[[Gaylussacia]]'' ([[Huckleberry]])
*''[[Genista]]'' ([[Broom (shrub)|Broom]]) *
*''[[Gordonia]]'' ([[Loblolly-bay]]) *
*''[[Grevillea]]'' ([[Grevillea]])
*''[[Griselinia]]'' ([[Griselinia]]) *
;H
*''[[Hakea]]'' ([[Hakea]]) *
*''[[Halesia]]'' ([[Silverbell]]) *
*''[[Halimium]]'' ([[Rockrose]])
*''[[Hamamelis]]'' ([[Witch-hazel]]) *
*''[[Hebe (plant)|Hebe]]'' ([[Hebe (plant)|Hebe]])
*''[[Hedera]]'' ([[Hedera|Ivy]])
*''[[Helianthemum]]'' ([[Rockrose]])
*''[[Hibiscus]]'' ([[Hibiscus]]) *
*''[[Hippophae]]'' ([[Sea-buckthorn]]) *
*''[[Hoheria]]'' ([[Lacebark]]) *
*''[[Holodiscus]]'' ([[Creambush]])
*''[[Hudsonia]]'' ([[Hudsonia]])
*''[[Hydrangea]]'' ([[Hydrangea]])
*''[[Hypericum]]'' ([[Hypericum calycinum|Rose of Sharon]])
*''[[Hyssopus]]'' ([[Hyssop]])
*''[[Haithisus]]''([[Zacassholissus]])*
;I
*''[[Ilex]]'' ([[Holly]]) *
*''[[Illicium]]'' ([[Star Anise]]) *
*''[[Indigofera]]'' ([[Indigo plant|Indigo]])
*''[[Itea (plant)|Itea]]'' ([[Sweetspire]])
;J
*''[[Jamesia]]'' ([[Cliffbush]])
*''[[Jasminum]]'' ([[Jasmine]])
*''[[Juniperus]]'' ([[Juniper]]) *
;K
*''[[Kalmia]]'' ([[Mountain-laurel]])
*''[[Kerria (plant)|Kerria]]'' (Kerria)
*''[[Kolkwitzia]]'' ([[Beautybush|Beauty-bush]])
;L
*''[[Lagerstroemia]]'' ([[Crape-myrtle]]) *
*''[[Lapageria]]'' ([[Copihue]])
*''[[Lantana]]'' ([[Lantana]])
*''[[Lavandula]]'' ([[Lavender]])
*''[[Lavatera]]'' ([[Tree Mallow]])
*''[[Ledum]]'' ([[Ledum]])
*''[[Leitneria]]'' ([[Leitneria|Corkwood]]) *
*''[[Lespedeza]]'' ([[Bush Clover]]) *
*''[[Leptospermum]]'' ([[Manuka]]) *
*''[[Leucothoe (plant)|Leucothoe]]'' ([[Doghobble]])
*''[[Leycesteria]]'' ([[Leycesteria]])
*''[[Ligustrum]]'' ([[Privet]]) *
*''[[Lindera]]'' ([[Spicebush]]) *
*''[[Linnaea]]'' ([[Twinflower]])
*''[[Lonicera]]'' ([[Honeysuckle]])
*''[[Lupinus]]'' ([[Lupin|Tree Lupin]])
*''[[Lycium]]'' ([[Boxthorn]])
;M
*''[[Magnolia]]'' ([[Magnolia]])
*''[[Mahonia]]'' ([[Mahonia]])
*''[[Malpighia]]'' ([[Acerola]])
*''[[Menispermum]]'' ([[Moonseed]])
*''[[Menziesia]]'' ([[Menziesia]])
*''[[Mespilus]]'' (Medlar) *
*''[[Microcachrys]]'' ([[Microcachrys]])
*''[[Myrica]]'' ([[Bayberry]]) *
*''[[Myricaria]]'' ([[Myricaria]])
*''[[Myrtus]]'' and allied genera ([[Myrtus|Myrtle]]) *
;N
*''[[Neillia]]'' ([[Neillia]])
*''[[Nerium]]'' ([[Oleander]])
;O
*''[[Olearia]]'' ([[Daisy Bush]]) *
*''[[Osmanthus]]'' ([[Osmanthus]])
|
;P
*''[[Pachysendra]]'' ([[Pachysandra]])
*''[[Peony|Paeonia]]'' ([[Peony|Tree-peony]])
*''[[Perovskia]]'' ([[Russian Sage]])
*''[[Philadelphus]]'' ([[Mock-orange]]) *
*''[[Phlomis]]'' ([[Jerusalem Sage]])
*''[[Photinia]]'' ([[Photinia]]) *
*''[[Physocarpus]]'' ([[Ninebark]]) *
*''[[Pieris (plant)|Pieris]]'' ([[Pieris (plant)|Pieris]])
*''[[Pistacia]]'' ([[Pistachio]], [[Mastic]]) *
*''[[Pittosporum]]'' ([[Pittosporum]]) *
*''[[Plumbago]]'' ([[Leadwort]])
*''[[Polygala]]'' ([[Milkwort]])
*''[[Poncirus]]'' *
*''[[Prunus]]'' ([[Prunus|Cherry]]) *
*''[[Purshia]]'' ([[Antelope Bush]])
*''[[Pyracantha]]'' ([[Firethorn]])
;Q
*''[[Quassia]]'' ([[Quassia]]) *
*''[[Oak|Quercus]]'' ([[Oak]]) *
*''[[Quillaja]]'' ([[Quillay]])
*''[[Quintinia]]'' ([[Tawheowheo]]) *
;R
*''[[Buckthorn|Rhamnus]]'' ([[Buckthorn]]) *
*''[[Rhododendron]]'' ([[Rhododendron]], [[Azalea]]) *
*''[[Rhus]]'' ([[Sumac]]) *
*''[[Ribes]]'' ([[Ribes|Currant]])
*''[[Romneya]]'' ([[Tree poppy]])
*''[[Rose|Rosa]]'' ([[Rose]])
*''[[Rosmarinus]]'' ([[Rosemary]])
*''[[Rubus]]'' ([[Bramble]])
*''[[Ruta]]'' ([[Rue]])
;S
*''[[Sabia]]'' *
*''[[Salix]]'' ([[Willow]]) *
*''[[Salvia]]'' ([[Salvia|Sage]])
*''[[Sambucus]]'' ([[Elderberry|Elder]]) *
*''[[Santolina]]'' ([[Lavender Cotton]])
*''[[Sapindus]]'' ([[Soapberry]]) *
*''[[Senecio]]'' ([[Senecio]])
*''[[Jojoba|Simmondsia]]'' ([[Jojoba]])
*''[[Skimmia]]'' ([[Skimmia]])
*''[[Smilax]]'' ([[Smilax]])
*''[[Sophora]]'' ([[Kowhai]]) *
*''[[Sorbaria]]'' ([[Sorbaria]])
*''[[Spartium]]'' ([[Spanish Broom]])
*''[[Spiraea]]'' ([[Spiraea]]) *
*''[[Staphylea]]'' ([[Bladdernut]]) *
*''[[Stephanandra]]'' ([[Stephanandra]])
*''[[Styrax]]'' *
*''[[Symphoricarpos]]'' ([[Snowberry]])
*''[[Syringa]]'' ([[Lilac]]) *
;T
*''[[Tamarix]]'' ([[Tamarix]]) *
*''[[Taxus]]'' (Yew) *
*''[[Telopea]]'' ([[Waratah]]) *
*''[[Thuja]]'' cvs. ([[Arborvitae]]) *
*''[[Thymelaea]]''
*''[[Thyme|Thymus]]'' ([[Thyme]])
*''[[Trochodendron]]'' *
;U
*''[[Ulex]]'' ([[Gorse]])
*''[[Ungnadia]]'' ([[Mexican Buckeye]])
;V
*''[[Vaccinium]]'' ([[Bilberry]], [[Blueberry]], [[Cranberry]])
*''[[Vervain|Verbena]]'' ([[Vervain]])
*''[[Viburnum]]'' ([[Viburnum]]) *
*''[[Vinca]]'' ([[Vinca|Periwinkle]])
*''[[Viscum]]'' ([[Mistletoe]])
;W
*''[[Weigela]]'' ([[Weigela]])
;X
*''[[Xanthoceras]]''
*''[[Xanthorhiza]]'' ([[Yellowroot]])
*''[[Xylosma]]''
;Y
*''[[Yucca]]'' ([[Yucca]], [[Yucca brevifolia|Joshua tree]]) *
;Z
*''[[Zanthoxylum]]'' *
*''[[Zauschneria]]''
*''[[Zenobia (plant)|Zenobia]]''
*''[[Ziziphus]]'' *
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
* [[Shrubbery]]
* [[Shrubland]]

[[Category:Plants]]
[[Category:Plant morphology]]
[[Category:Shrubs| ]]
[[Category:Lists of plants|Shrub]]

[[ar:شجيرة]]
[[an:Matizo]]
[[be:Куст]]
[[be-x-old:Хмызьняк]]
[[bs:Žbun]]
[[bg:Храст]]
[[ca:Arbust]]
[[cs:Keř]]
[[da:Busk]]
[[de:Strauch]]
[[et:Põõsas]]
[[es:Arbusto]]
[[eo:Arbedo]]
[[eu:Zuhaixka]]
[[fr:Arbrisseau]]
[[gl:Arbusto]]
[[hi:क्षुप]]
[[hr:Grm]]
[[io:Arbusto]]
[[id:Perdu]]
[[it:Arbusto]]
[[he:שיח]]
[[pam:Palungpung]]
[[ka:ბუჩქი]]
[[lv:Krūms]]
[[lt:Krūmas]]
[[hu:Cserje]]
[[mr:झुडुपे]]
[[nl:Struik]]
[[ja:低木]]
[[no:Busk]]
[[nn:Busk]]
[[oc:Arbust]]
[[pl:Krzew]]
[[pt:Arbusto]]
[[ro:Arbust]]
[[qu:Thansa]]
[[ru:Кустарник]]
[[sco:Buss]]
[[scn:Troffa]]
[[simple:Shrub]]
[[sk:Ker]]
[[sl:Grmovnica]]
[[sr:Жбун]]
[[fi:Pensas]]
[[sv:Buske]]
[[te:పొద]]
[[th:ไม้พุ่ม]]
[[tg:Бутта]]
[[uk:Кущ]]
[[wa:Bouxhon]]
[[vls:Ut]]
[[zh:灌木]]

Revision as of 19:15, 3 October 2010

For the place in California, see Shrub, California.
A broom shrub in flower.
A Rhododendron shrubbery in Sheringham Park.

A shrub or bush is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5–6 m (15–20 ft) tall. A large number of plants can be either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience. Small, low shrubs such as lavender, periwinkle and thyme are often termed subshrubs.

An area of cultivated shrubs in a park or garden is known as a shrubbery. When clipped as topiary, shrubs generally have dense foliage and many small leafy branches growing close together. Many shrubs respond well to renewal pruning, in which hard cutting back to a 'stool' results in long new stems known as "canes". Other shrubs respond better to selective pruning to reveal their structure and character.

Shrubs in common garden practice are generally broad-leaved plants, though some smaller conifers such as Mountain Pine and Common Juniper are also shrubby in structure. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen.

Shrubs as a botanical structural form

Main article: shrubland

In botany and ecology a shrub is more specifically used to describe the particular physical structural or plant life-form of woody plants which are less than 8 m high and usually have many stems arising at or near the base.

For example, a descriptive system widely adopted in Australia is based on structural characteristics based on life-form, plus the height and amount of foliage cover of the tallest layer or dominant species.[1]

For shrubs 2–8 m high the following structural forms are categorized:

  • dense foliage cover (70–100%) — closed-scrub
  • mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — open-scrub
  • sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — tall shrubland
  • very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — tall open shrubland

For shrubs less than 2 m high the following structural forms are categorized:

  • dense foliage cover (70–100%) — closed-heath
  • mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — open-heath
  • sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — low shrubland
  • very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — low open shrubland

List of shrubs (bushes)

Those marked * can also develop into tree form.

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

References

  1. ^ Costermans, L. F. (1993) Native trees and shrubs of South-Eastern Australia. rev. ed. ISBN 0947116761

See also

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