Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic: Difference between revisions

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The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, short: Estonian SSR (in Estonian: Eesti Nõukogude Sotsialistlik Vabariik, short: Eesti NSV) was the name given on July 21, 1940 to the puppet state created during World War II in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Estonia after it had been occupied by the Soviet army on June 17, 1940. The Estonian SSR was formally annexed into the Soviet Union (USSR) on August 6, 1940, when it nominally became the 16th constituent republic of the USSR. (Due to later reorganisations, Estonian SSR was considered the 15th constituent republic by 1991, the last year USSR still existed as such.) Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in 1941, before being reconquered and re-annexed by the Soviets in 1944.

The United States, United Kingdom and other western powers considered the annexation of Estonia by USSR illegal. They retained diplomatic relations with the exiled representatives of the independent Republic of Estonia, never recognized the existence of the Estonian SSR de jure, and never recognized Estonia as a legal constituent part of the Soviet Union^[1].

The state was renamed the 'Republic of Estonia' again on May 8, 1990, over a year before the formal Declaration of Independence on August 20, 1991, and international recognition of thereof over the next couple of weeks.

In addition to the human and material losses suffered due to war, thousands of civilians were killed and tens of thousands of people deported from Estonia by the Soviet authorities until Joseph Stalin's death in 1953. The Soviet rule significantly slowed Estonia's economic growth, resulting in a wide "wealth gap" in comparison with its neighboring non-socialist countries (e.g., Finland, Sweden).^{[citation needed]} Estonia's power output per year raised from 190 million KWh in 1940 to 16,712 million in 1975.^[2] In comparison with other parts of the USSR its economy fared better and today Estonia remains the wealthiest of the formerly Soviet-controlled states.

References

^ European Parliament (January 13, 1983). "Resolution on the situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania". Official Journal of the European Communities. C 42/78. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) "whereas the Soviet annexias of the three Baltic States still has not been formally recognized by most European States and the USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and the Vatican still adhere to the concept of the Baltic States".
^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd edition, entry on "Эстонская ССР", available online here

External links

Museum of occupations of Estonia — Project by the Kistler-Ritso Estonian Foundation
Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity

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[1] European Parliament (January 13, 1983). "Resolution on the situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania". Official Journal of the European Communities. C 42/78. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) "whereas the Soviet annexias of the three Baltic States still has not been formally recognized by most European States and the USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and the Vatican still adhere to the concept of the Baltic States".

[2] Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd edition, entry on "Эстонская ССР", available online here

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 The state was renamed the 'Republic of Estonia' again on [[May 8]], [[1990]], over a year before the formal Declaration of Independence on [[August 20]], [[1991]], and international recognition of thereof over the next couple of weeks.
-In addition to the human and material losses suffered due to war, thousands of civilians were killed and tens of thousands of people deported from Estonia by the Soviet authorities until [[Joseph Stalin]]'s death in [[1953]]. The Soviet rule significantly slowed Estonia's economic growth, resulting in a wide "wealth gap" in comparison with its neighboring countries that went free of Soviet yoke (e.g., [[Finland]], [[Sweden]]).{{Fact|date=March 2007}} Estonia's power output per year raised from 190 million [[KWh]] in 1940 to 16,712 million in 1975.<ref>[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]], 3rd edition, entry on "Эстонская ССР", available online [http://slovari.yandex.ru/art.xml?art=bse/00075/38500.htm here]</ref> In comparison with other parts of the USSR its economy fared better and today Estonia remains the wealthiest of the formerly Soviet-controlled states.
+In addition to the human and material losses suffered due to war, thousands of civilians were killed and tens of thousands of people deported from Estonia by the Soviet authorities until [[Joseph Stalin]]'s death in [[1953]]. The Soviet rule significantly slowed Estonia's economic growth, resulting in a wide "wealth gap" in comparison with its neighboring non-socialist countries (e.g., [[Finland]], [[Sweden]]).{{Fact|date=March 2007}} Estonia's power output per year raised from 190 million [[KWh]] in 1940 to 16,712 million in 1975.<ref>[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]], 3rd edition, entry on "Эстонская ССР", available online [http://slovari.yandex.ru/art.xml?art=bse/00075/38500.htm here]</ref> In comparison with other parts of the USSR its economy fared better and today Estonia remains the wealthiest of the formerly Soviet-controlled states.
 == See also ==