List of wars involving Panama: Difference between revisions

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This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Panama from the colonial period to the modern era.

List

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Gran Colombia–Peru War (1828–1829)	Gran Colombia Panama	Peru	Stalemate Peruvian land invasion lost momentum after battle of Tarqui; at sea, Peru maintained supremacy after the fall of Guayaquil War came to an end with the signing of the Gual-Larrea treaty and the unexpected coup-de-etat against President La Mar Colombian troops were driven out of Bolivia, Peru recognized the Colombian annexation of Guayaquil and Colombia recognized implicitly Peruvian sovereignty of Tumbes, Jaen and Maynas
Watermelon Riot (1856)	New Granada Panama	United States	Defeat Herrán-Cass Agreement signed New Granadian government established a sum compensation of $412,394 in gold for damages
Panama Crisis (1885)	Panamanian Rebels	Colombia Chile	Defeat Rebellion suppressed Colón burned
Thousand Days' War (1899–1902)	Colombian Conservative Party	Colombian Liberal Party	Victory War won by conservative government Continuation of the present day Republic of Colombia Resulted in Panamanian independence
World War I (1917–1918)	France United Kingdom Russia United States Italy Japan China Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Serbia Montenegro Romania Belgium Greece Portugal Brazil Cuba Panama Guatemala Nicaragua Costa Rica Honduras	Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria	Victory End of the German, Russian, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East Transfer of German colonies and regions of the former Ottoman Empire to other powers Establishment of the League of Nations
Coto War (1921)	Panama	Costa Rica	Defeat Panama ceded Coto to Costa Rica^[1]
World War II (1941–1945)	United States Soviet Union United Kingdom China France Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Brazil Mexico Panama Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Dominican Republic Cuba	Germany Japan Italy Hungary Romania Bulgaria Croatia Slovakia Finland Thailand Manchukuo Mengjiang	Victory Collapse of the Third Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War
Cuban Invasion of Panama^[2] (1959)	Panama	Cuba	Victory Cuban expedition fails
Insurgency in Chiriquí (1968–1971)	Panama	Pro-Arias Guerrillas	Victory Guerrillas defeated
Nicaraguan Revolution	FSLN EPS MAP-ML (1978–1979) MILPAS Panama (1978–1979)	Somoza regime (1961–1979) National Guard	Victory Overthrow of Somoza government in 1979 by FSLN forces, with military assistance from Panama's Victoriano Lorenzo Brigade under Hugo Spadafora^[3]^[4] Insurgency of the Contras, with clandestine support from Panamanian military government under Manuel Noriega from 1981-87^[5] FSLN junta led by Daniel Ortega take power of Nicaragua in 1981^[6] Electoral victory of FSLN in 1984 Electoral victory of the National Opposition Union in 1990
United States Invasion of Panama (1989–1990)	Panama	United States Panamanian Opposition	Defeat Dictator Manuel Noriega deposed

References

^ Tomán, René De La Pedraja. Wars of Latin America, 1899-1941, p. 100. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &, 2006.
^ "Rubén Miró y la invasión de cubanos a Panamá" (in Spanish). Panama City: La Estrella de Panamá. April 22, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2018.
^ Brown, Jonathan C. (2022). "Omar Torrijos and the Sandinista Revolution". The Latin Americanist. 66: 25–45. doi:10.1353/tla.2022.0003. S2CID 247623108.
^ Sánchez Nateras, Gerardo (2018). "The Sandinista Revolution and the Limits of the Cold War in Latin America: The Dilemma of Nonintervention During the Nicaraguan Crisis, 1977–78" (PDF). Cold War History. 18 (2): 111–129. doi:10.1080/14682745.2017.1369046. S2CID 218576606.
^ "The Contras, Cocaine, and Covert Operations". Retrieved 10 April 2015.
^ "Daniel Ortega", Encyclopædia Britannica (15th ed.), 1993

[1] Tomán, René De La Pedraja. Wars of Latin America, 1899-1941, p. 100. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &, 2006.

[2] "Rubén Miró y la invasión de cubanos a Panamá" (in Spanish). Panama City: La Estrella de Panamá. April 22, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2018.

[auto3-3] Brown, Jonathan C. (2022). "Omar Torrijos and the Sandinista Revolution". The Latin Americanist. 66: 25–45. doi:10.1353/tla.2022.0003. S2CID 247623108.

[auto4-4] Sánchez Nateras, Gerardo (2018). "The Sandinista Revolution and the Limits of the Cold War in Latin America: The Dilemma of Nonintervention During the Nicaraguan Crisis, 1977–78" (PDF). Cold War History. 18 (2): 111–129. doi:10.1080/14682745.2017.1369046. S2CID 218576606.

[5] "The Contras, Cocaine, and Covert Operations". Retrieved 10 April 2015.

[6] "Daniel Ortega", Encyclopædia Britannica (15th ed.), 1993

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 |style="background:#efefef"| '''Victory'''
 * Guerrillas defeated
+|-
+|style="background:#efefef"| [[Nicaraguan Revolution]]
+|style="background:#efefef"| {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_FSLN.svg}} [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|FSLN]]
+* [[Sandinista Popular Army|EPS]]
+[[Marxist–Leninist Popular Action Movement|MAP-ML]] (1978–1979)
+* [[MILPAS]]
+{{flag|Panama}} (1978–1979)
+|style="background:#efefef"| {{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Somoza family|Somoza regime]]<br/>(1961–1979)
+* [[National Guard (Nicaragua)|National Guard]]
+|style="background:#efefef"| '''Victory'''
+* Overthrow of [[Somoza family|Somoza government]] in 1979 by [[FSLN]] forces, with military assistance from Panama's Victoriano Lorenzo Brigade under [[Hugo Spadafora]]<ref name="auto3">{{cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/850812/summary|title=Omar Torrijos and the Sandinista Revolution|last=Brown|first=Jonathan C.|journal=The Latin Americanist |year=2022 |volume=66 |pages=25–45 |doi=10.1353/tla.2022.0003 |s2cid=247623108 }}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{cite journal|url=https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/5115289/mod_folder/content/0/Aula%2013_Nicaragua_Nateras%202018.pdf|title=The Sandinista Revolution and the Limits of the Cold War in Latin America: The Dilemma of Nonintervention During the Nicaraguan Crisis, 1977–78|last=Sánchez Nateras|first=Gerardo|journal=[[Cold War History (journal)|Cold War History]]|year=2018|volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=111–129 |doi=10.1080/14682745.2017.1369046 |s2cid=218576606 }}</ref>
+* Insurgency of the [[Contras]], with clandestine support from Panamanian military government under [[Manuel Noriega]] from 1981-87<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB2/nsaebb2.htm#3a|title=The Contras, Cocaine, and Covert Operations|access-date=10 April 2015}}</ref>
+* FSLN junta led by Daniel Ortega take power of Nicaragua in 1981<ref>{{citation|contribution=Daniel Ortega|title=Encyclopædia Britannica|year=1993|edition=15th}}</ref>
+* Electoral victory of FSLN in [[1984 Nicaraguan general election|1984]]
+* Electoral victory of the [[National Opposition Union]] in [[1990 Nicaraguan general election|1990]]
 |-
 |style="background:#efefef"| [[United States invasion of Panama|United States Invasion of Panama]]<br/>(1989&ndash;1990)

v t e Lists of wars involving North American countries
Sovereign states	Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States
Dependencies and other territories	Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands

v t e Years in Panama (1903–present)
20th century	1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000	Panama portal
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025	Panama portal