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Coordinates: 44°58′11″N 142°17′12″E / 44.96972°N 142.28667°E / 44.96972; 142.28667
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{{More citations needed|date=March 2022}}
{{Expand Japanese|topic=geo|date=June 2022}}

{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nakatonbetsu
| name = Nakatonbetsu
Line 7: Line 4:
| native_name = {{nobold|中頓別町}}
| native_name = {{nobold|中頓別町}}
| native_name_lang = ja
| native_name_lang = ja
| settlement_type = Town
| settlement_type = [[Towns of Japan|Town]]
| other_name =
| other_name =
| image_skyline = Nakatonbetsu town hall.JPG
| image_skyline = Nakatonbetsu town hall.JPG
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| image_flag = Flag of Nakatonbetsu, Hokkaido.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Nakatonbetsu, Hokkaido.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Nakatonbetsu, Hokkaido.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Nakatonbetsu, Hokkaido.svg
| image_map= {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=8}}
| image_map = Nakatombetsu in Hokkaido Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_caption = Location of Nakatonbetsu in [[Hokkaido]] ([[Sōya Subprefecture]])
| image_map1 = Nakatombetsu in Hokkaido Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_caption = Location of Nakatonbetsu in Hokkaido ([[Sōya Subprefecture]])
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Japan
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Japan
| coordinates = {{coord|44|58|N|142|17|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|44|58|11|N|142|17|12|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Japan
| subdivision_name = Japan
Line 23: Line 21:
| subdivision_name1 = [[Hokkaido]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Hokkaido]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hokkaido]] ([[Sōya Subprefecture]])
| subdivision_name2 = Hokkaido ([[Sōya Subprefecture]])
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Esashi District, Hokkaido|Esashi]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Esashi District, Hokkaido|Esashi]]
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| leader_name1 =
| leader_name1 =
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 398.55
| area_total_km2 = 398.51
| population_total = 1,776
| population_total = 1,496
| population_as_of = September 30, 2016
| population_as_of = June 30, 2024
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time|JST]]
| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time|JST]]
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| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid continental climate|Dfb]]
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid continental climate|Dfb]]
| website = {{URL|http://www.town.nakatombetsu.hokkaido.jp/}}
| website = {{Official|1=http://www.town.nakatombetsu.hokkaido.jp/}}
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| tree = [[Picea glehnii|Sakhalin Spruce]]
| flower = [[Prunus nipponica|Kurile Cherry]]
| bird =
| butterfly =
| fish =
}}
}}
}}
[[file:Tenpokusen nakatonbetsu.jpg|right|thumb|290px|Nakatonbetsu Bus Terminal]]
[[file:Nakatonbetsu-Shounyudo Cave.JPG|right|thumb|290px|Nakatonbetsu Cave]]
{{Nihongo|'''Nakatonbetsu'''|中頓別町|Nakatonbetsu-chō}} is a [[List of towns in Japan|town]] located in [[Sōya Subprefecture]], [[Hokkaido]], [[Japan]].<ref name="n"/> {{As of |2024|07|01}}, the town had an estimated [[population]] of 1,496 in 834 households, and a [[population density]] of 8.1 people per km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="Hamatonbetsu-hp">{{cite web |url=https://www.town.nakatombetsu.hokkaido.jpl|title= Nakatonbetsu Town official statistics|location= Japan|language= ja}}</ref> The total area of the town is {{cvt|398.51|km2}}.


==Geography==
{{Nihongo|'''Nakatonbetsu'''|中頓別町|Nakatonbetsu-chō}} is a [[List of towns in Japan|town]] located in [[Sōya Subprefecture]], [[Hokkaido]], [[Japan]].
Nakatonbetsu is located in northeast Hokkaido in an inland area of the Soya region. It is located in a mountainous area and is surrounded by mountains on all sides. 80% of the town's area is forested.


* [[Mountain]]s: Mount Polonupuri (841m), Mt. Chikoma (529m), Mt. Panke (632m), Mt. Pinneshiri (704m)
As of September 2016, the town has an estimated [[population]] of 1,776 and a [[population density|density]] of 4.5 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total area is {{convert|398.55|km2|mi2}}.
* [[River]]s: Tonbetsu River, Hiragauchi River, Hyochana River, Ama River, Icchannai River, Sasano River

===Neighbouring municipalities===
* [[Hokkaido]]
** [[Esashi, Hokkaido (Sōya)|Esashi]]
** [[Nakatonbetsu, Hokkaido|Nakatonbetsu]]
** [[Hamatonbetsu, Hokkaido|Hamatonbetsu]]
** [[Horonobe, Hokkaido|Horonobe]]
** [[Nakagawa, Hokkaido|Nakagawa]]
**[[Otoineppu, Hokkaido|Otoineppu]]


==Climate==
==Climate==
Nakatonbetsu has cold and temperate climate considered to be Dfb according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. There is a considerable amount of rainfall even during months that typically experience dry weather. The average annual temperature in Nakatonbetsu is 5.3 °C. Each year, there is an approximate 1112 mm of precipitation. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 19.1&nbsp;°C, and lowest in January, at around -7.9&nbsp;°C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/hokkaido/nakatonbetsu-37565/ Nakatonbetsu climate: Average Temperature, weather by month]</ref>

{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|width = auto
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| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = February 21, 2022}}</ref>}}
| access-date = February 21, 2022}}</ref>}}

===Demographics===
Per Japanese census data, the population of Nakatonbetsu is as shown below. The town is in a long period of sustained population loss.<ref name="pop"/>

{{Historical populations
| 1940 |6724
| 1950 |7592
| 1960 |7375
| 1970 | 5,395
| 1980 | 4,203
| 1990 | 3,056
| 2000 | 2,518
| 2010 | 1,975
| 2020 | 1,637
|align = none
| footnote =
}}

==History==
The name of "Tonbetsu" derives from the [[Ainu language]] word ''to-un-pet'', which translates "river entering lake", and which referred to the Tonbetsu River which enters [[Lake Kutcharo]]. In 1878, the villages of Esashi, Tonbetsu, Utanobetsu, and Rebun were established in [[Esashi District, Hokkaido|Esashi District]], [[Kitami Province]]. Around 1897, gold dust was discovered in the Tonbetsu River in Nakatonbetsu, leading to a minor [[gold rush]]. In 1909 the four villages merged to form the village of Esashi; however, Tonbetsu was separated out in April 1916. In April 1921, Tonbestu was divided into Tonbetsu and Nakatonbetsu villages. Nakatonbetsu was raised to town status on November 1, 1949.

==Government==
Nakatonbetsu has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] town council of eight members. Nakatonbetsu, as part of Soya sub-prefecture, contributes one member to the Hokkaido Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of the [[Hokkaido 12th district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].

==Economy==
The local economy of Nakatonbetsu is centered on agriculture, forestry and [[dairy farming]].

==Education==
Nakatonbetsu has four public elementary schools and one public junior high school operated by the town government. The town has one public high school operated by the Hokkaido Board of Education.

==Transportation==
===Railways===
Nakatonbetsu has not had any passenger railway services since the closing of the [[JR Hokkaido]] [[Tempoku Line]] in 1989. The nearest railway station is [[Otoineppu Station]] on the [[Sōya Main Line]], a 1.5 hour bus ride away.

=== Highways ===
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|275}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="n">{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia = Nihon Daihyakka Zensho (Nipponika) | title = 浜頓別（町） | url = http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ | access-date = 2013-09-06 | year = 2013 | publisher = Shogakukan | location = Tokyo | language = ja | trans-title = Hamatonbetsu | oclc = 153301537 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ | archive-date = 2007-08-25 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

<ref name="pop">{{cite web | url = http://www.town.hamatonbetsu.hokkaido.jp/juminka/jinkousuii/ | script-title = ja:人口推移 | date = 2013 | publisher = Town of Hamatonbetsu | location = Hamatonbetsu, Hokkaido | language = ja | trans-title = Population Change | access-date = 2013-09-10 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030225/http://www.town.hamatonbetsu.hokkaido.jp/juminka/jinkousuii/ | url-status = dead }}</ref>
}}


==External links==
==External links==
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{{Hokkaido}}
{{Hokkaido}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
⚫
{{Hokkaido-geo-stub}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Nakatombetsu, Hokkaido}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nakatombetsu, Hokkaido}}
[[Category:Towns in Hokkaido]]
[[Category:Towns in Hokkaido]]

⚫
{{Hokkaido-geo-stub}}

Revision as of 01:14, 21 July 2024

Nakatonbetsu
中頓別町
Town
Nakatonbetsu town hall
Nakatonbetsu town hall
Flag of Nakatonbetsu
Flag
Official seal of Nakatonbetsu
Seal
Map
Location of Nakatonbetsu in Hokkaido (Sōya Subprefecture)
Location of Nakatonbetsu
Nakatonbetsu is located in Japan
Nakatonbetsu
Nakatonbetsu
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 44°58′11″N 142°17′12″E / 44.96972°N 142.28667°E / 44.96972; 142.28667
CountryJapan
RegionHokkaido
PrefectureHokkaido (Sōya Subprefecture)
DistrictEsashi
Area
 • Total
398.51 km2 (153.87 sq mi)
Population
 (June 30, 2024)
 • Total
1,496
 • Density3.8/km2 (9.7/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
ClimateDfb
WebsiteOfficial website
Symbols
FlowerKurile Cherry
TreeSakhalin Spruce
Nakatonbetsu Bus Terminal
Nakatonbetsu Cave

Nakatonbetsu (中頓別町, Nakatonbetsu-chō) is a town located in Sōya Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.[1] As of 1 July 2024, the town had an estimated population of 1,496 in 834 households, and a population density of 8.1 people per km2.[2] The total area of the town is 398.51 km2 (153.87 sq mi).

Geography

Nakatonbetsu is located in northeast Hokkaido in an inland area of the Soya region. It is located in a mountainous area and is surrounded by mountains on all sides. 80% of the town's area is forested.

  • Mountains: Mount Polonupuri (841m), Mt. Chikoma (529m), Mt. Panke (632m), Mt. Pinneshiri (704m)
  • Rivers: Tonbetsu River, Hiragauchi River, Hyochana River, Ama River, Icchannai River, Sasano River

Neighbouring municipalities

Climate

Nakatonbetsu has cold and temperate climate considered to be Dfb according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. There is a considerable amount of rainfall even during months that typically experience dry weather. The average annual temperature in Nakatonbetsu is 5.3 °C. Each year, there is an approximate 1112 mm of precipitation. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 19.1 °C, and lowest in January, at around -7.9 °C.[3]

Climate data for Nakatonbetsu (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1977−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 7.6
(45.7) 		8.7
(47.7) 		15.8
(60.4) 		24.6
(76.3) 		30.9
(87.6) 		33.1
(91.6) 		35.8
(96.4) 		35.8
(96.4) 		32.4
(90.3) 		25.4
(77.7) 		19.7
(67.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		35.8
(96.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −3.4
(25.9) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		1.8
(35.2) 		8.5
(47.3) 		15.8
(60.4) 		19.6
(67.3) 		23.3
(73.9) 		24.4
(75.9) 		21.1
(70.0) 		14.2
(57.6) 		5.5
(41.9) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		10.6
(51.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −8.4
(16.9) 		−8.5
(16.7) 		−3.2
(26.2) 		3.5
(38.3) 		9.7
(49.5) 		13.8
(56.8) 		17.9
(64.2) 		19.1
(66.4) 		15.0
(59.0) 		8.4
(47.1) 		1.5
(34.7) 		−5.3
(22.5) 		5.3
(41.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −15.4
(4.3) 		−16.7
(1.9) 		−10.1
(13.8) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		3.6
(38.5) 		8.4
(47.1) 		13.3
(55.9) 		14.5
(58.1) 		9.3
(48.7) 		2.7
(36.9) 		−2.8
(27.0) 		−10.9
(12.4) 		−0.5
(31.1)
Record low °C (°F) −35.9
(−32.6) 		−35.6
(−32.1) 		−30.0
(−22.0) 		−16.7
(1.9) 		−6.3
(20.7) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		1.9
(35.4) 		3.5
(38.3) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		−7.2
(19.0) 		−18.7
(−1.7) 		−26.9
(−16.4) 		−35.9
(−32.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 92.4
(3.64) 		66.3
(2.61) 		72.2
(2.84) 		56.7
(2.23) 		68.4
(2.69) 		66.6
(2.62) 		120.2
(4.73) 		145.5
(5.73) 		141.8
(5.58) 		155.8
(6.13) 		152.8
(6.02) 		126.1
(4.96) 		1,264.7
(49.79)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 219
(86) 		172
(68) 		136
(54) 		41
(16) 		2
(0.8) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		2
(0.8) 		84
(33) 		233
(92) 		886
(349)
Average rainy days 20.5 16.6 15.9 11.3 10.7 9.4 10.4 11.5 13.7 16.6 20.6 22.4 179.6
Average snowy days 20.8 17.9 14.5 5.5 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.2 8.0 21.4 88.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours 52.3 74.4 116.5 147.3 176.0 156.3 135.9 134.0 154.1 124.3 55.7 33.7 1,356.1
Source 1: JMA[4]
Source 2: JMA[5]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Nakatonbetsu is as shown below. The town is in a long period of sustained population loss.[6]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1940 6,724—    
1950 7,592+12.9%
1960 7,375−2.9%
1970 5,395−26.8%
1980 4,203−22.1%
1990 3,056−27.3%
2000 2,518−17.6%
2010 1,975−21.6%
2020 1,637−17.1%

History

The name of "Tonbetsu" derives from the Ainu language word to-un-pet, which translates "river entering lake", and which referred to the Tonbetsu River which enters Lake Kutcharo. In 1878, the villages of Esashi, Tonbetsu, Utanobetsu, and Rebun were established in Esashi District, Kitami Province. Around 1897, gold dust was discovered in the Tonbetsu River in Nakatonbetsu, leading to a minor gold rush. In 1909 the four villages merged to form the village of Esashi; however, Tonbetsu was separated out in April 1916. In April 1921, Tonbestu was divided into Tonbetsu and Nakatonbetsu villages. Nakatonbetsu was raised to town status on November 1, 1949.

Government

Nakatonbetsu has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of eight members. Nakatonbetsu, as part of Soya sub-prefecture, contributes one member to the Hokkaido Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of the Hokkaido 12th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

The local economy of Nakatonbetsu is centered on agriculture, forestry and dairy farming.

Education

Nakatonbetsu has four public elementary schools and one public junior high school operated by the town government. The town has one public high school operated by the Hokkaido Board of Education.

Transportation

Railways

Nakatonbetsu has not had any passenger railway services since the closing of the JR Hokkaido Tempoku Line in 1989. The nearest railway station is Otoineppu Station on the Sōya Main Line, a 1.5 hour bus ride away.

Highways

References

  1. ^ "浜頓別（町）" [Hamatonbetsu]. Nihon Daihyakka Zensho (Nipponika) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2013. OCLC 153301537. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
  2. ^ "Nakatonbetsu Town official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
  3. ^ Nakatonbetsu climate: Average Temperature, weather by month
  4. ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
  5. ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
  6. ^ 人口推移 [Population Change] (in Japanese). Hamatonbetsu, Hokkaido: Town of Hamatonbetsu. 2013. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-09-10.
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