檎

檎 U+6A8E, 檎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A8E ← 檍 [U+6A8D] CJK Unified Ideographs 檏 → [U+6A8F]

Translingual

Han character

檎 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 木人卜月 (DOYB), four-corner 4892₇, composition ⿰木禽)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 556, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15657
• Dae Jaweon: page 946, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1304, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6A8E

Chinese

trad.		檎
simp. #		檎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
貪	*kʰl'uːm
嗿	*l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋	*l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓	*qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠	*qʰɯːm
谽	*qʰɯːm
唅	*qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含	*ɡɯːm
肣	*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷	*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨	*ɡɯːm
梒	*ɡɯːm
鋡	*ɡɯːm
莟	*ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀	*ɡɯːms
浛	*ɡɯːms
盦	*qɯːm, *qaːb
韽	*qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪	*krɯːm
妗	*qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦	*qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔	*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐	*ɡram
鳹	*ɡram
雂	*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念	*nɯːms
梣	*sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔	*sɢrɯm
岑	*sɡrɯm
笒	*sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔	*sɡrɯm
侺	*ɡjɯms
今	*krɯm
黅	*krɯm
衿	*krɯm
衾	*kʰrɯm
坅	*kʰrɯmʔ
搇	*kʰrɯms
琴	*ɡrɯm
禽	*ɡrɯm
芩	*ɡrɯm
庈	*ɡrɯm
耹	*ɡrɯm
靲	*ɡrɯm
擒	*ɡrɯm
檎	*ɡrɯm
紟	*ɡrɯms
吟	*ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡	*ŋɡrɯm
廞	*qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰	*qrɯm
霠
飲	*qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭	*qrɯms
廕	*qrɯms
矜	*ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯm) : semantic 木 + phonetic 禽 (OC *ɡrɯm).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qín (qin²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kam⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khìm / kó / ngò
• Northern Min (KCR): gěng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khîm / gò͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kim⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qín
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cín
    • Wade–Giles: chʻin²
    • Yale: chín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
    • Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kam⁴
    • Yale: kàhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kem⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐm²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khìm / kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: kimˇ / go`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kim<sup>2</sup> / go<sup>3</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰim¹¹/, /ko³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khìm / kó / ngò
    • Hakka Romanization System: kimˇ / go` / ngoˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kim² / go³ / ngo²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰim¹¹/, /ko³¹/, /ŋo¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gěng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keiŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîm
    • Tâi-lô: khîm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiim
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰim¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kʰim²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰim²³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gò͘
    • Tâi-lô: gòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gox
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /ɡɔ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kim⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khîm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰim⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: gim

Rime
Character	檎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨金切
Baxter	gim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjim/
Li Rong	/ɡjəm/
Wang Li	/ɡĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kam4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	檎
Reading #	1/1
No.	6614
Phonetic component	今
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	琴
Old Chinese	/*ɡrɯm/

Definitions

檎

1. Only used in 林檎 (línqín).

References

• “檎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

檎

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. apple

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)^{←ごん (gon, historical)←ごむ (gomu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: きん (kin)^{←きん (kin, historical)←きむ (kimu, ancient)}
• Kan’yō-on: ご (go)

Compounds

• 林檎(りんご) (ringo, “apple”)

Korean

Hanja

檎 (eum 금 (geum))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

檎: Hán Nôm readings: cầm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation