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Translingual
editHan character
edit梗 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 木一中大 (DMLK), four-corner 41946, composition ⿰木更)
Derived characters
editFurther reading
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 529, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14849
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1210, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6897
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
梗 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 莖/茎 Cantonese vernacular 框 Cantonese vernacular |
Glyph origin
editOld Chinese | |
---|---|
更 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs |
粳 | *kraːŋ |
埂 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋʔ |
浭 | *kraːŋ |
稉 | *kraːŋ |
梗 | *kraːŋʔ |
哽 | *kraːŋʔ |
綆 | *kraːŋʔ |
鯁 | *kraːŋʔ |
挭 | *kraːŋʔ |
骾 | *kraːŋʔ |
郠 | *kraːŋʔ |
硬 | *ŋɡraːŋs, *ŋɡraːŋs |
鞕 | *ŋɡraːŋs |
丙 | *pqraŋʔ |
炳 | *praŋʔ |
邴 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
怲 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
苪 | *praŋʔ |
蛃 | *praŋʔ |
昺 | *praŋʔ |
昞 | *praŋʔ |
窉 | *praŋʔ |
柄 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
鈵 | *praŋs |
寎 | *praŋs |
病 | *braŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kraːŋʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 更 (OC *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs) – a type of plant.
Etymology
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gen3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gien3 / guang3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): geng2
- Northern Min (KCR): gǎing / guǎng
- Eastern Min (BUC): gēng / guāng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5kan / 3kan / 3kuan
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gěng
- Wade–Giles: kêng3
- Yale: gěng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geeng
- Palladius: гэн (gɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (梗兒/梗儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄥˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gěngr
- Wade–Giles: kêng3-ʼrh
- Yale: gěngr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geengl
- Palladius: гэнр (gɛnr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤ̃ɻ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gen3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gen
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gang2 / kwaang2 / gwaang2
- Yale: gáng / kwáang / gwáang
- Cantonese Pinyin: gang2 / kwaang2 / gwaang2
- Guangdong Romanization: geng2 / kuang2 / guang2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐŋ³⁵/, /kʷʰaːŋ³⁵/, /kʷaːŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- gang2 - literary;
- kwaang2, gwaang2 - vernacular (“stem; stalk”).
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gang2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaŋ⁵⁵/
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gien3 / guang3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛn²¹³/, /kuaŋ²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
Note:
- gien3 - literary;
- guang3 - vernacular (“stem; stalk”).
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koáng / káng
- Hakka Romanization System: guangˋ / gangˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: guang3 / gang3
- Sinological IPA: /koaŋ³¹/, /kaŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: geng2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kə̃ŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gǎing / guǎng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaiŋ²¹/, /kuaŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- gǎing - literary;
- guǎng - vernacular (“stem; stalk”).
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gēng / guāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛiŋ³³/, /kuaŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- gēng - literary;
- guāng - vernacular (“stem; stalk”).
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng
- Tâi-lô: kíng
- Phofsit Daibuun: keang
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kńg
- Tâi-lô: kńg
- Phofsit Daibuun: kngr
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kēng
- Tâi-lô: kīng
- Phofsit Daibuun: keng
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kíⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kínn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvie
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /kĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kénn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvea
- IPA (Taipei): /kẽ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- kéng/kńg/kēng - literary;
- kíⁿ/kéⁿ - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gên2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kéⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kẽ⁵²/
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: gen3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: kaengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤraŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kraːŋʔ/
Definitions
edit梗
- † Alternative name for 刺榆 (“Hemiptelea davidii”).
- † (of plants) to prick
- † spiny plant
- stalk (pedicel, peduncle, or petiole)
- 青梗菜 ― qīnggěngcài ― green-stalk pak choi
- broad outline; general idea; gist
- (alt. form 哏) punchline; (humorous) reference; meme
- to block; to obstruct; to hinder
- † to resist; to defy
- to straighten up; to stiffen
- upright; straightforward; upstanding
- (Cantonese) stiff; tight
- (Cantonese) fixed; immovable
- 梗窗 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― gang2 coeng1 [Jyutping] ― fixed window
- (Cantonese) certainly; definitely; of course
- (Ningbonese) Classifier for long, slender objects, including ropes, fish, feathers, sticks.
- † strong; violent
- † illness; disaster
- a surname
Compounds
editJapanese
editKanji
edit梗
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Readings
edit- Go-on: きょう (kyō)←きやう (kyau, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Kun: やまにれ (yamanire)
Compounds
edit- 桔梗 (kikyō)
Korean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 梗 (MC kaengX).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᄀᆡᇰ〯 (Yale: kǒyng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 겨ᇰ〯 (kyěng) (Yale: kyěng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kjʌ̹ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [경]
Hanja
edit梗 (eumhun 줄기 경 (julgi gyeong))
Compounds
editCompounds
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit梗: Hán Nôm readings: ngành, cánh, cạnh, cành, chành, ngạnh, gánh, ngáng, ngánh, nhành, nhánh, gảnh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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