壛

壛 U+58DB, 壛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58DB ← 壚 [U+58DA] CJK Unified Ideographs 壜 → [U+58DC]

Translingual

Han character

壛 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 土日弓難 (GANX), four-corner 4712₀, composition ⿰土閻)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5587
• Dae Jaweon: page 481, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 501, character 3
• Unihan data for U+58DB

Chinese

trad.		壛
simp.		𰊡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (臽) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
萏	*l'oːmʔ
窞	*l'oːmʔ
惂	*kʰloːmʔ
輡	*kʰloːmʔ
錎	*kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms
埳	*kʰloːmʔ
臽	*kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms
淊	*ɡloːmʔ, *qroːm, *qroːms, *lomʔ
欿	*ɡloːmʔ
蜭	*ɡloːmʔ, *ɡluːms
啗	*l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms
鵮	*ʔr'oːm, *kʰroːm, *kʰroːms
餡	*ɡroːms
陷	*ɡroːms
爓	*ljom, *loms
諂	*l̥ʰomʔ
讇	*l̥ʰomʔ
閻	*lom
焰	*loms
壛	*lom
櫩	*lom
燄	*lomʔ
掐	*kʰroːb

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yán (yan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yán
    • Wade–Giles: yen²
    • Yale: yán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jim⁴
    • Yale: yìhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yim⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: yem

Rime
Character	壛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余廉切
Baxter	yem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/jæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiam/
Li Rong	/iɛm/
Wang Li	/jĭɛm/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɢ]am/

  (Zhengzhang): /*lom/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yán
Middle Chinese	‹ yem ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.[ɢ]am/
English	eaves
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壛
Reading #	1/1
No.	13567
Phonetic component	臽
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	鹽
Old Chinese	/*lom/

Definitions

壛

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Japanese

Kanji

壛

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)}