pirul

Hungarian

Etymology

From an onomatopoeic (sound-imitative) root + -ul (reflexive suffix). First attested in 1470.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpirul]
• Hyphenation: pi‧rul
• Rhymes: -ul

Verb

pirul

1. (intransitive) to blush (to become red in the face due to shyness, shame, excitement, or embarrassment)
2. (intransitive, cooking) to brown, toast (to become brown during cooking or toasting)

Conjugation

conjugation of pirul

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	pirulok	pirulsz	pirul	pirulunk	pirultok	pirulnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	pirultam	pirultál	pirult	pirultunk	pirultatok	pirultak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. pirulni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	pirulék	pirulál	pirula	pirulánk	pirulátok	pirulának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. pirul vala, pirult vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	pirulandok	pirulandasz	piruland	pirulandunk	pirulandotok	pirulandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	pirulnék	pirulnál	pirulna	pirulnánk	pirulnátok	pirulnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. pirult volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	piruljak	pirulj or piruljál	piruljon	piruljunk	piruljatok	piruljanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. pirult légyen
Infinitive	pirulni		pirulnom	pirulnod	pirulnia	pirulnunk	pirulnotok	pirulniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	pirulás		piruló	pirult	―	pirulva (pirulván)

potential conjugation of pirul

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	pirulhatok	pirulhatsz	pirulhat	pirulhatunk	pirulhattok	pirulhatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	pirulhattam	pirulhattál	pirulhatott	pirulhattunk	pirulhattatok	pirulhattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	pirulhaték	pirulhatál	pirulhata	pirulhatánk	pirulhatátok	pirulhatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. pirulhat vala, pirulhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	pirulhatandok or pirulandhatok	pirulhatandasz or pirulandhatsz	pirulhatand or pirulandhat	pirulhatandunk or pirulandhatunk	pirulhatandotok or pirulandhattok	pirulhatandanak or pirulandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	pirulhatnék	pirulhatnál	pirulhatna	pirulhatnánk	pirulhatnátok	pirulhatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. pirulhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	pirulhassak	pirulhass or pirulhassál	pirulhasson	pirulhassunk	pirulhassatok	pirulhassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. pirulhatott légyen
Inf.	(pirulhatni)		(pirulhatnom)	(pirulhatnod)	(pirulhatnia)	(pirulhatnunk)	(pirulhatnotok)	(pirulhatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(pirulhatva / pirulhatván)

Derived terms

• irul-pirul
• pirulás
• pír

 

(With verbal prefixes):

• belepirul
• elpirul
• kipirul
• lepirul
• megpirul
• nekipirul

Related terms

• pirít
• pirkad
• piros

 

Further reading

• pirul in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN