Wiktionary

gelid

English

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WOTD – 26 February 2008

Etymology

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First attested in 1630. From Latin gelidus (“cold”), from gelu (“frost”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gelid (comparative more gelid, superlative most gelid)

  1. Very cold; icy or frosty.
    • 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):
      Of Cassandra-Marat we have spoken often; yet the most surprising truth remains to be spoken: that he actually does not want sense; but, with croaking gelid throat, croaks out masses of the truth, on several things.
    • 1898, Florence Earle Coates, “Siberia”, in Poems:
      Above the gelid source of mountain springs,
      ⁠A solitary eagle, circling, flies.
    • 2005, Robert Jordan, Knife of Dreams:
      In the worst of summer the tower remained cool, yet the air seemed feverish and gelid when sisters of different Ajahs came too close.

Derived terms

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English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel- (0 c, 19 e)

Translations

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch gelit; cognate with German Glied. By surface analysis, ge- +‎ lid.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɣəˈlɪt/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ge‧lid
  • Rhymes: -ɪt

Noun

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gelid n (plural gelederen)

  1. row of a formation, battle line
  2. an organizational rank, especially a military rank

Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: gelid

Noun

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gelid n (plural geleden)

  1. a joint, a point of articulation

Anagrams

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *gʷeleti (“to graze”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷlew-, extension from *gʷel- (“throat”),[1] which could be imitative. See also Old English ceole, German Kehle, Proto-Slavic *glъtati (“to devour”).[2]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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gelid (conjunct ·geil, verbal noun gelt)

  1. to graze, consume
    • c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830
      Ron·geilt in gaeth feib geilius [nem]aod forderg fidnime [leg. fidnaige].
      The storm has consumed us [lit. grazed on] like heavenly red fire consumes [lit. grazes on] firewood.
    • c. 800, Immacaldam Choluim Cille ⁊ ind óclaig, published in "The Lough Foyle Colloquy Texts: Immacaldam Choluim Chille 7 ind Óclaig oc Carraic Eolairg and Immacaldam in Druad Brain 7 Inna Banḟátho Febuil Ós Loch Ḟebuil", Ériu 52 (2002), pp. 53-87, edited and with translations by John Carey,
      "Cesc," ol Colum Cille, "cóich robo riam, a lloch-sa at·chiam?" Respondit iuvenis: "Ro·fetur-sa aní-sin; [...] ra·giult-sa [MS ro·diultsa] a mbasa os, ra·senas a mbasa é[o]...
      "A question," said Colum Cille, "whose was it formerly, this loch we see?" The youth responded, "I know that! [...] I had grazed it when I was a stag, I had swum it when I was a salmon...
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 80a11
      géldae ― glosses Latin depastus est
    • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 143b1
      gelid ― glosses Latin depascitur

Inflection

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Simple, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd sg. 1st pl. 2nd pl. 3rd pl. Passive sg. Passive pl.
Present indicative Abs. gelid
Conj. ·gel ·gelat ·gelar
Rel. geiles
Imperfect indicative
Preterite Abs. geltatar
Conj.
Rel. geltatar
Perfect Deut. ro·diult (misspelling of ra·giult, with infixed pronoun a-) ro·gelt
Prot.
Future Abs.
Conj.
Rel. géldae
Conditional
Present subjunctive Abs.
Conj.
Rel.
Past subjunctive
Imperative
Verbal noun gelt
Past participle
Verbal of necessity glidi

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 364-365
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “gwel-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 146

Further reading

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