Constance Edwina ("Shelagh") Grosvenor, Duchess of Westminster, CBE (née Cornwallis-West; 16 May 1877 – 21 January 1970), known as Constance Fitzpatrick Lewis after 1920, was a British peeress and socialite.[1]
The Duchess of Westminster | |
|---|---|
 The Duchess in 1906 | |
| Born | Constance Edwina Cornwallis-West 16 May 1877 Ruthin Castle, Denbighshire, Wales |
| Died | 21 January 1970 (aged 92) New Forest District, Hampshire, England |
| Spouses | John Fitzpatrick Lewis
(after 1920) |
| Children | 3 |
| Parent(s) | Col. William Cornwallis-West Mary "Patsy" FitzPatrick |
| Relatives | Daisy, Princess of Pless (sister) George Cornwallis-West (brother) |
| Medal record | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sailing | ||
Representing  Great Britain
| ||
Olympic Games 
| ||
 |
1908 London | 8 Metre |
Early life
editConstance Edwina ("Shelagh") Cornwallis-West was the youngest child of Col. William Cornwallis-West and Mary Eupatoria ("Patsy") FitzPatrick. Her father was Member of Parliament for Denbighshire West and served as Lord-Lieutenant of Denbighshire from 1872 to 1917 and her mother was known as a great beauty and leading socialite. She was very close to her sister, Daisy, Princess of Pless. Her brother was George Cornwallis-West, the second husband of Lady Randolph Churchill, mother of Winston Churchill.
Her maternal grandfather was Reverend Frederick Fitzpatrick and her paternal grandfather was Frederick Richard West (son of the Hon. Frederick West, younger son of John West, 2nd Earl De La Warr).
Olympic career
editThe Duchess was one of only two women to compete in sailing at the 1908 Summer Olympics as owner and extra crewmember of the 8-metre bronze medal-winning yacht Sorais.[2] She distributed the diplomas of special merit to the competitors of the other Olympic sports on 25 July 1908.[citation needed]
Personal life
editAt a party at Blenheim Palace, Mary asked the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) to convince Hugh Grosvenor, 2nd Duke of Westminster, to marry her daughter. The pair were married on 16 February 1901 and moved into Grosvenor House on Park Lane, a mansion that the Duke had inherited from his grandfather.[3] Later they lived together at Eaton Hall, Cheshire.[3] The Duke was one of the richest men in the world.[4] Together, they had three children:
- Lady Ursula Mary Olivia Grosvenor (1902–1978), whose descendants are the only descendants of the Duchess and of the Duke.
- Edward George Hugh Grosvenor, Earl Grosvenor (1904–1909), who died young.
- Lady Mary Constance Grosvenor (1910–2000), who never married and became a motor racing and rally driver.
The marriage was happy at first and the couple shared many interests, including yachting and motor racing. However, her parents' expectation of personal financial gain through the marriage and her own long absence from home affected her marriage to the conservative Duke.
In 1909, the couple's only son and heir apparent to the dukedom died following an operation for appendicitis while the Duchess was away. The Duke accused her of neglecting the child, and the Duchess did not attend the boy's funeral.[3] It was rumoured that the Duchess was having a secret liaison with the Duke of Alba,[3] whilst her husband had what he described as his own "nocturnal adventures".[3] Nonetheless, the couple appeared together at social events until the birth of their youngest child, Lady Mary. In 1913, the Duke requested separation but, with the outbreak of the First World War, the couple turned their attention to war service – the Duke joined his regiment and the Duchess sponsored a military hospital in Le Touquet, housed in a local casino.[4][6]
In 1918, the Duchess was created a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for her service in the war. The couple were divorced – on the grounds of the Duke's adultery and desertion – the following year, with the decree being made absolute 19 December 1919.[4] The alimony settlement of £13,000 a year he made upon her was then the largest in British legal history.[7]
After their divorce, the Duke married three more times, including to Violet Cripps, Baroness Parmoor, Loelia, Lady Lindsay, and Anne Grosvenor, Duchess of Westminster. The couple remained on friendly terms after 1919, hosting their daughters' debut balls together. Because their subsequent interactions were amicable, it has been surmised that both parties collaborated to achieve the divorce because each wanted to end the marriage and to remarry.[8]
Second marriage
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On 14 January 1920, less than one month after her divorce from the duke was finalized, Constance Lewis, then aged 44, secretly married her private secretary and agent, Captain John Fitzpatrick Lewis, then in his thirties, at Lyndhurst, Hampshire. She had met Lewis early in the war, while he was being treated at her hospital in Le Touquet.[9][10] They had no children.
The former duchess died on 21 January 1970, aged 94.
In popular culture
editDennis Wheatley dedicated his 1961 thriller Vendetta in Spain to her.[11]
References
edit- ^ "Princess Daisy of Pless: the happy years".
- ^ Toms, Jan (11 May 2012). "Olympic Ladies – the 1896, 1900, 1904 and London's 1908 Olympiad". Suite101. Vancouver BC. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Picardie, Justine (2010). Coco Chanel: The Legend and the Life. London: HarperCollins. pp. 149–57.
- ^ a b c Harris, Russell (2011). "Lafayette L5112". Princess Daisy of Pless: The Happy Years. London: Victoria & Albert Museum. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- ^ Donovan, Henry. "Chicago Eagle". Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
- ^ "Le Touquet Paris-Plage – History". Le Touquet Holidays. 2011. Archived from the original on 8 July 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
- ^ The Guinness Book of Records. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1972. p. 200. This record stood as late as the 1970s. According to National Archives currency converter, this figure in 1920 (nearest year to the divorce) was worth £275,730 a year in 2005.
- ^ Lady Mary's debutante ball 1928 was jointly hosted by the Duke (now married to Loelia Ponsonby and Mrs John Fitzpatrick Lewis (Constance)."Lady Mary says:--". The Sunday Morning Star. Wilmington DE. 1 July 1928. p. 23. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- ^ "Duchess of Westminster; a secret marriage". The Press. 23 January 1920. p. 6. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
- ^ "Duchess married to army aviator" (PDF). The New York Times. 24 January 1920. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
- ^ Wheatley, Dennis (1961). Vendetta in Spain. Hutchinson and Co. Retrieved 23 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.