PCDHA4

Protocadherin alpha-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDHA4 gene.

PCDHA4
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1WUZ
Identifiers
Aliases	PCDHA4, CNR1, CNRN1, CRNR1, PCDH-ALPHA4, protocadherin alpha 4
External IDs	OMIM: 606310; MGI: 1298406; HomoloGene: 130626; GeneCards: PCDHA4; OMA:PCDHA4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) Band 5q31.3 Start 140,806,929 bp End 141,012,347 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse) Band 18|18 B2- B3 Start 37,085,701 bp End 37,320,714 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in stromal cell of endometrium islet of Langerhans prefrontal cortex ganglionic eminence gallbladder superior frontal gyrus ventricular zone Cerebellum cerebellar cortex cerebellar hemisphere Top expressed in hippocampus proper dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell embryo granular layer Cortex of frontal lobe primary visual cortex superior frontal gyrus granular layer of dentate gyrus Purkinje cell Region I of hippocampus proper More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding calcium ion binding metal ion binding identical protein binding Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum synapse Biological process cell adhesion nervous system development homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules cell-cell signaling Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 56144 12936 Ensembl ENSG00000204967 ENSMUSG00000104252 UniProt Q9UN74 O88689 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_031500 NM_018907 NM_007766 RefSeq (protein) NP_061730 NP_113688 NP_001167625 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 140.81 – 141.01 Mb Chr 18: 37.09 – 37.32 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene is a member of the protocadherin alpha gene cluster, one of three related gene clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five that demonstrate an unusual genomic organization similar to that of B-cell and T-cell receptor gene clusters. The alpha gene cluster is composed of 15 cadherin superfamily genes related to the mouse CNR genes and consists of 13 highly similar and 2 more distantly related coding sequences. The tandem array of 15 N-terminal exons, or variable exons, are followed by downstream C-terminal exons, or constant exons, which are shared by all genes in the cluster. The large, uninterrupted N-terminal exons each encode six cadherin ectodomains while the C-terminal exons encode the cytoplasmic domain. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane proteins that most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been observed and additional variants have been suggested but their full-length nature has yet to be determined.

Further reading

• Yagi T, Takeichi M (2000). "Cadherin superfamily genes: functions, genomic organization, and neurologic diversity". Genes Dev. 14 (10): 1169–80. doi:10.1101/gad.14.10.1169. PMID 10817752. S2CID 44844497.
• Nollet F, Kools P, van Roy F (2000). "Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members". J. Mol. Biol. 299 (3): 551–72. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.3777. PMID 10835267.
• Senzaki K, Ogawa M, Yagi T (2000). "Proteins of the CNR family are multiple receptors for Reelin". Cell. 99 (6): 635–47. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81552-4. PMID 10612399. S2CID 14277878.
• Wu Q, Maniatis T (2000). "Large exons encoding multiple ectodomains are a characteristic feature of protocadherin genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3124–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.060027397. PMC 16203. PMID 10716726.
• Wu Q, Zhang T, Cheng JF, et al. (2001). "Comparative DNA Sequence Analysis of Mouse and Human Protocadherin Gene Clusters". Genome Res. 11 (3): 389–404. doi:10.1101/gr.167301. PMC 311048. PMID 11230163.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A, et al. (2004). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7006): 268–74. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..268S. doi:10.1038/nature02919. PMID 15372022. S2CID 4373053.
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070. S2CID 8235923.

External links

• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: O88689 (Mouse Protocadherin alpha-4) at the PDBe-KB.