Wikipedia

Geulah Cohen

Geulah Cohen (Hebrew: גאולה כהן; 25 December 1925 – 18 December 2019) was an Israeli politician and activist who founded the Tehiya party. She won the Israel Prize in 2003. Between 1974 and 1992, she served as a member of Knesset, initially for Likud. She changed her political affiliation to Tehiya in 1979. In 1992, she lost her seat in the Knesset.

Geulah Cohen
Faction represented in the Knesset
1974–1979Likud
1979–1992Tehiya
Personal details
Born(1925-12-25)25 December 1925
Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine
Died18 December 2019(2019-12-18) (aged 93)
Israel
Signature

Life and career

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Geulah Cohen was born in Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine to a Mizrahi Jewish family of Yemenite, Moroccan and Turkish origin.[1] She was the daughter of Miriam and Yosef Cohen.[2] She studied at the Levinsky Teachers Seminary, and earned a master's degree in Jewish Studies, Philosophy, Literature and Bible at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.[3]

 
Cohen as a radio broadcaster for the Lehi underground station in 1948

In 1942 she joined the Irgun, and moved to Lehi the following year.[4][5][6] As a radio announcer for the organization, she was arrested by British military authorities in 1946[7] while broadcasting in Tel Aviv. She escaped custody in May, shortly before her trial, but was recaptured by a group of Arabs.[1] On June 6, 1946, she was sentenced to seven years in prison (the Encyclopaedia Judaica lists the sentence as 19 years) for possessing a wireless transmitter, pistols, revolvers, and ammunition. During sentencing she sang "Hatikvah" and was accompanied by 30 members of her family.[8] Imprisoned in Bethlehem, she escaped in 1947.[7]

Cohen was editor of the Lehi newspaper Youth Front. Following the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948, she contributed to Sulam, a monthly magazine published by former Lehi leader Israel Eldad.[1]

Cohen was married to former Lehi comrade Emanuel Hanegbi.[9] From 1961 to 1973, she wrote for the Israeli newspaper Maariv and served on its editorial board.[10] During her career as a journalist, she visited Menachem Mendel Schneerson in New York, who encouraged her to focus on engaging with Israeli youth.[11]

Cohen died on December 18, 2019, at the age of 93. She was buried at the Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery in Jerusalem.[1]

Political career

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In 1972, Cohen joined Menachem Begin's Herut party,[7] which was then part of the Gahal alliance. She was elected to the Knesset the following year, by which time Gahal had merged into Likud. She was re-elected in 1977.[12]

As an opponent of the Camp David Accords and the return of Sinai Peninsula to Egypt, Cohen was thrown out of the Knesset during Begin's presentation of the agreement.[7] In 1979, Cohen and Moshe Shamir left Likud to establish a new far-right party, initially called Banai, later Tehiya-Bnai, and then Tehiya.[7] The new party was a strong supporter of Gush Emunim and included prominent members from Israeli settlements in the West Bank and Gaza such as Hanan Porat and Elyakim Haetzni.[13]

Cohen retained her seat in the 1981 elections, and Tehiya joined Begin's coalition government.[14] She was re-elected in 1984 and 1988. In June 1990, following a coalition crisis, she was appointed to the cabinet as Deputy Minister of Science and Technology.[14]

Cohen lost her seat in the 1992 elections.[1] That year, she rejoined Likud and remained active in right-wing politics.[1] Her son, Tzachi Hanegbi, is a former Knesset member for the Likud.[1]

Views and opinions

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Cohen opposed territorial concessions. She was a vocal critic of the Camp David Accords in 1978 and of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan from Gaza in 2005.[15] She described herself as a "woman of violence" in the pursuit of political ends.[16]

Awards and recognition

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  • In 2003, Cohen was awarded the Israel Prize for her lifetime achievements and special contribution to society and the State of Israel.[17][18]
  • In 2007, she received the Yakir Yerushalayim (Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem) award from the city of Jerusalem.[19]

Published work

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  • Story of a Warrior (1961; Hebrew autobiography)
  • Woman of Violence: Memoirs of a Young Terrorist, 1943–1948. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1966. (autobiography)
  • Historical Meeting (1986) (Hebrew)
  • Ein li koah lehiyot ayefa ("No Strength To Be Tired"; 2008)

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Geula Cohen, pre-state underground fighter, veteran right-wing MK, dies at 93". The Times of Israel. 19 December 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  2. ^ Cohen, Geulah (1990). "The voice of valor".
  3. ^ Atkins, S.E. (2004). Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups. Greenwood Press. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-313-32485-7. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  4. ^ BenDov, H. Nobody Wants To Die. PublishAmerica. ISBN 978-1-4560-8194-2. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  5. ^ Heller, J. (1995). The Stern Gang: Ideology, Politics, and Terror, 1940–1949. F. Cass. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-7146-4558-2. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  6. ^ [1] Archived 4 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ a b c d e washingtonpost.com: "Fighter in the Promised Land, Geula Cohen and the New Zionism", 11 October 1978
  8. ^ "Girl Zionist Sentenced," page 11, The New York Times, 7 June 1946.
  9. ^ Bowker-Saur (1991). Who's Who of Women in World Politics. Bowker-Saur. ISBN 978-0-86291-627-5. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  10. ^ Viorst, M. (1987). Sands of Sorrow: Israel's Journey from Independence. Tauris. p. 216. ISBN 978-1-85043-064-3. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  11. ^ "If I Forget Thee, Oh Jerusalem… - Program Three Hundred Twenty Seven – Living Torah – Geulah Cohen". chabad.org. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  12. ^ Gorenberg, G. (2007). The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967–1977. Henry Holt and Company. p. 281. ISBN 978-0-8050-8241-8. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  13. ^ Tessler, M.A. (1994). A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Indiana University Press. p. 646. ISBN 978-0-253-20873-6. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  14. ^ a b Lochery, N. (1997). The Israeli Labour Party: In the Shadow of the Likud. Ithaca Press. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-86372-217-2. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  15. ^ "ארכיון המדינה". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  16. ^ Cohen 1966
  17. ^ "Israel Prize Official Site (in Hebrew) – Recipient's C.V."
  18. ^ "Israel Prize Official Site (in Hebrew) – Judges' Rationale for Grant to Recipient".
  19. ^ "Recipients of Yakir Yerushalayim award (in Hebrew)". Archived from the original on 17 June 2011. City of Jerusalem official website
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