James Bond: Difference between revisions

{{Use dmy dates|date=NovemberFebruary 20212024}}{{Use British English|date=AugustFebruary 20162024}}

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|caption = [[Ian Fleming]]'s image of James Bond; commissioned to aid the ''[[Daily Express]]'' comic strip artists

|creator = [[Ian Fleming]]

The '''''James Bond''''' series focuses on [[James Bond (literary character)|Jamesthe Bondtitular character]], a fictional [[Secret Intelligence Service|British Secret Service]] agent created in 1953 by writer [[Ian Fleming]], who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelisations: [[Kingsley Amis]], [[Christopher Wood (writer)|Christopher Wood]], [[John Gardner (British writer)|John Gardner]], [[Raymond Benson]], [[Sebastian Faulks]], [[Jeffery Deaver]], [[William Boyd (writer)|William Boyd]], and [[Anthony Horowitz]]. The latest novel is ''With a Mind to Kill'' by Anthony Horowitz, published in May 2022. Additionally [[Charlie Higson]] wrote a series on [[Young Bond|a young James Bond]], and [[Samantha Weinberg|Kate Westbrook]] wrote three novels based on the [[The Moneypenny Diaries|diaries of a recurring series character]], [[Miss Moneypenny|Moneypenny]].

The character—also known by the code number '''007''' (pronounced "double-oh-seven")—has also been adapted for television, radio, comic strip, video games and film. The films are one of the longest continually running film series and have grossed over US$7.04&nbsp;billion in total at the box office, making it the [[List of highest-grossing franchises and film series|fifth-highest-grossing film series]] to date, which started in 1962 with ''[[Dr. No (film)|Dr. No]]'', starring [[Sean Connery]] as Bond. {{As of|2021}}, there have been twenty-five films in the [[Eon Productions]] [[James Bond in film|series]]. The most recent Bond film, ''[[No Time to Die]]'' (2021), stars [[Daniel Craig]] in his fifth portrayal of Bond; he is the sixth actor to play Bond in the Eon series. There have also been two independent Bond film productions: ''[[Casino Royale (1967 film)|Casino Royale]]'' (a 1967 [[Parody|spoof]] starring [[David Niven]]) and ''[[Never Say Never Again]]'' (a 1983 remake of an earlier Eon-produced film, 1965's ''[[Thunderball (film)|Thunderball]]'', both starring Connery). In 2015, the series was estimated to be worth $19.9&nbsp;billion in total (based on box-office grosses, DVD sales and merchandise tie-ins),<ref>{{cite web |last=Adejobi |first=Alicia |date=27 October 2015 |title=Spectre movie: James Bond brand worth £13bn off the back of monster box office and DVD sales |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/spectre-movie-james-bond-brand-worth-13bn-off-back-monster-box-office-dvd-sales-1525914 |url-status=live |access-date=15 January 2017 |website=[[International Business Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> makingThe ''James Bond'' franchise is one of the [[List of highest-grossing media franchises|highest-grossing media franchises of all time]]. ''Casino Royale'' has also been adapted for television, as a one-hour show in 1954 as part of the CBS series ''[[Climax!]]''.

The name James Bond came from that of the American [[ornithologist]] [[James Bond (ornithologist)|James Bond]], a Caribbean bird expert and author of the definitive [[field guide]] ''[[Birds of the West Indies]]''. Fleming, a keen [[Birdwatching|birdwatcher]] himself, had a copy of Bond's guide and he later explained to the ornithologist's wife that "It struck me that this brief, unromantic, Anglo-Saxon and yet very masculine name was just what I needed, and so a second James Bond was born".<ref>{{cite news |title=James Bond, Ornithologist, 89; Fleming Adopted Name for 007 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/17/obituaries/james-bond-ornithologist-89-fleming-adopted-name-for-007.html |access-date=22 August 2019 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=17 February 1989 |archive-date=2 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502204215/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/17/obituaries/james-bond-ornithologist-89-fleming-adopted-name-for-007.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He further explained that:

{{Blockquote|text= When I wrote the first one in 1953, I wanted Bond to be an extremely dull, uninteresting man to whom things happened; I wanted him to be a blunt instrument&nbsp;... when I was casting around for a name for my protagonist I thought by God, [James Bond] is the dullest name I ever heard.|sign= Ian Fleming|source=''[[The New Yorker]]'', 21 April 1962<ref name="Hellman (1962)">{{cite magazine |last= Hellman |first= Geoffrey T. |title= Bond's Creator |url= https://www.newyorker.com/archive/1962/04/21/1962_04_21_032_TNY_CARDS_000268062 |id= section "Talk of the Town" |magazine= The New Yorker |access-date= 9 September 2011 |author-link= Geoffrey T. Hellman |page= 32 |date= 21 April 1962 |archive-date= 21 January 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120121095936/http://www.newyorker.com/archive/1962/04/21/1962_04_21_032_TNY_CARDS_000268062 |url-status= live }}</ref>}}

After Fleming's death, a continuation novel, ''[[Colonel Sun]]'', was written by [[Kingsley Amis]] (as [[Robert Markham]]) and published in 1968.<ref>{{cite web|title=Colonel Sun |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=81 |work=The Books |publisher= Ian Fleming Publications |access-date=2 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227071453/http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=81 |archive-date=27 December 2010 }}</ref> Amis had already written a literary study of Fleming's Bond novels in his 1965 work ''[[The James Bond Dossier]]''.{{sfn|Benson|1988|p=32}} Although [[novelisation]]s of two of the [[Eon Productions]] Bond films appeared in print, ''[[James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me]]'' and ''[[James Bond and Moonraker]]'', both written by screenwriter [[Christopher Wood (writer)|Christopher Wood]],<ref name="IFP, Novelizations">{{cite web|title=Film Novelizations |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=163 |work=The Books |publisher=Ian Fleming Publications |access-date=2 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110918184837/http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=163 |archive-date=18 September 2011 }}</ref> the series of novels did not continue until the 1980s. In 1981, the thriller writer [[John Gardner (British writer)|John Gardner]] picked up the series with ''[[Licence Renewed]]''.{{sfn|Simpson|2002|p=58}} Gardner went on to write sixteen Bond books in total; two of the books he wrote were novelisations of Eon Productions films of the same name: ''[[Licence to Kill]]'' and ''[[GoldenEye]]''. Gardner moved the Bond series into the 1980s, although he retained the ages of the characters as they were when Fleming had left them.{{sfn|Benson|1988|p=149}} In 1996, Gardner retired from writing James Bond books due to ill health.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ripley|first=Mike|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/nov/02/guardianobituaries.booksobituaries|title=Obituary: John Gardner: Prolific thriller writer behind the revival of James Bond and Professor Moriarty|access-date=14 November 2011|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 November 2007|page=41|archive-date=15 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415133341/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/nov/02/guardianobituaries.booksobituaries|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1996, the American author [[Raymond Benson]] became the author of the Bond novels. Benson had previously been the author of ''[[The James Bond Bedside Companion]]'', first published in 1984.<ref>{{cite web|title=Books – At a Glance|url=http://www.raymondbenson.com/books/|work=RaymondBenson.com|access-date=3 November 2011|author=Raymond Benson|author-link=Raymond Benson|archive-date=27 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127115953/http://www.raymondbenson.com/books/|url-status=live}}</ref>

After a gap of six years, [[Sebastian Faulks]] was commissioned by Ian Fleming Publications to write a new Bond novel, which was released on 28 May 2008, the 100th anniversary of Fleming's birth.<ref>{{cite news|title=Faulks pens new James Bond novel|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6289186.stm|access-date=3 November 2011|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|date=11 July 2007|archive-date=12 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212225504/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6289186.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> The book—titled ''[[Devil May Care (Faulks novel)|Devil May Care]]''—was published in the UK by Penguin Books and by Doubleday in the US.<ref name="Faulks">{{cite web|title=Sebastian Faulks |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=177 |work=The Books |publisher=Ian Fleming Publications |access-date=3 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227071357/http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=177 |archive-date=27 December 2010 }}</ref> American writer [[Jeffery Deaver]] was then commissioned by Ian Fleming Publications to produce [[Carte Blanche (novel)|''Carte Blanche'']], which was published on 26 May 2011.<ref>{{cite news|title=James Bond book called Carte Blanche|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-12204547|access-date=3 November 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=17 January 2011|archive-date=19 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319150348/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-12204547|url-status=live}}</ref> The book turned Bond into a post-9/11 agent, independent of [[MI5]] or MI6.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jeffery Deaver |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=268 |work=The Books |publisher=Ian Fleming Publications |access-date=3 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415123737/http://www.ianfleming.com/pages/content/index.asp?PageID=268 |archive-date=15 April 2012 }}</ref> On 26 September 2013, ''[[Solo (Boyd novel)|Solo]]'' by [[William Boyd (writer)|William Boyd]], set in 1969, was published.<ref>{{cite web|title=Solo Published Today |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/solo-published-today/ |publisher=[[Ian Fleming Publications]] |access-date=1 October 2013 |date=26 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004234832/http://www.ianfleming.com/solo-published-today/ |archive-date= 4 October 2013 }}</ref> In October 2014, it was announced that [[Anthony Horowitz]] was to write a ''Bond'' continuation novel.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/jamesbond/11133873/James-Bonds-secret-mission-to-save-Stirling-Moss.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/jamesbond/11133873/James-Bonds-secret-mission-to-save-Stirling-Moss.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |title=James Bond's secret mission: to save Stirling Moss |first=Anita |last=Singh |date=2 October 2014 |access-date=6 November 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Set in the 1950s two weeks after the events of ''Goldfinger'', it contains material written, but previously unreleased, by Fleming. ''[[Trigger Mortis]]'' was released on 8 September 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-32899911 |title=James Bond: Pussy Galore returns in new novel |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC |date=28 May 2015 |access-date=28 May 2015 |archive-date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513215956/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-32899911 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Alison |last=Flood |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/28/new-james-bond-novel-trigger-mortis-pussy-galore-anthony-horowitz |title=New James Bond novel Trigger Mortis resurrects Pussy Galore |newspaper=The Guardian |date=28 May 2015 |access-date=28 May 2015 |archive-date=8 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608035412/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/28/new-james-bond-novel-trigger-mortis-pussy-galore-anthony-horowitz |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11634404/Pussy-Galore-returns-for-new-James-Bond-novel-Trigger-Mortis.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11634404/Pussy-Galore-returns-for-new-James-Bond-novel-Trigger-Mortis.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=The Daily Telegraph |title=Pussy Galore returns for new James Bond novel ''Trigger Mortis'' |first=Hannah |last=Furness |date=28 May 2015 |access-date=6 November 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Horowitz's second Bond novel, ''[[Forever and a Day (novel)|Forever and a Day]]'', tells the origin story of Bond as a 00 agent prior to the events of ''Casino Royale''. The novel, also based on unpublished material from Fleming, was released on 31 May 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/forever-and-a-day/ |title=Forever and a Day |work=IanFleming.com |publisher=Ian Fleming Publications |date=8 February 2018 |access-date=16 February 2019 |archive-date=18 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218042318/http://www.ianfleming.com/forever-and-a-day/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/12/books/james-bond-forever-and-a-day-anthony-horowitz.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/12/books/james-bond-forever-and-a-day-anthony-horowitz.html |archive-date=3 January 2022-01-03 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=New James Bond Novel Is a Prequel to Fleming's First |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=12 February 2018 |access-date=16 February 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Horowitz's third Bond novel, ''With a Mind to Kill'', was published on 26 May 2022.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ianfleming.com/new-horowitz-bond-title-and-cover-revealed/ |title=New Horowitz Bond Title and Cover Revealed |work=IanFleming.com |publisher=Ian Fleming Publications |date=16 December 2021 |access-date=16 December 2021 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216190241/https://www.ianfleming.com/new-horowitz-bond-title-and-cover-revealed/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Charlie Higson|Charlie Higson's]] first adult Bond novel, ''On His Majesty's Secret Service'', was published on 4 May 2023 to celebrate the [[Coronation of Charles III and Camilla|Coronation of King Charles III]] and support the [[National Literacy Trust]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/james-bond-king-charles-coronation-on-his-majestys-secret-service-1235569901/ |title=New James Bond Story ‘On'On His Majesty’sMajesty's Secret Service’Service' Commissioned to Celebrate King Charles’Charles' Coronation |first=Naman |last=Ramachandran |date=31 March 2023 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |access-date=5 May 2023 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505181215/https://variety.com/2023/film/news/james-bond-king-charles-coronation-on-his-majestys-secret-service-1235569901/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The ''[[Young Bond]]'' series of novels was started by [[Charlie Higson]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Neil|title=The name's Bond – Junior Bond|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts/4293323.stm|access-date=1 November 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=3 March 2005|archive-date=30 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080530161026/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts/4293323.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> and, between 2005 and 2009, five novels and one short story were published.<ref>{{cite web|title=Charlie Higson|url=http://www.puffin.co.uk/nf/Search/QuickSearchProc/1,,Author_1000066902,00.html|work=Puffin Books – Authors|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|access-date=1 November 2011|archive-date=9 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309024638/http://www.puffin.co.uk/nf/Search/QuickSearchProc/1,,Author_1000066902,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The first Young Bond novel, ''[[SilverFin]]'' was also adapted and released as a graphic novel on 2 October 2008 by Puffin Books.<ref>{{cite web|title=SilverFin: The Graphic Novel|url=http://www.puffin.co.uk/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9780141322537,00.html?%2FSilverFin%3A_The_Graphic_Novel_Charlie_Higson|work=Puffin Books|publisher=Penguin Books|access-date=1 November 2011|archive-date=1 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101144944/http://www.puffin.co.uk/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9780141322537,00.html?%2FSilverFin%3A_The_Graphic_Novel_Charlie_Higson|url-status=dead}}</ref> In October 2013 Ian Fleming Publications announced that [[Stephen Cole (writer)|Stephen Cole]] would continue the series, with the first edition scheduled to be released in Autumn 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Young Bond Series in 2014 |url=http://www.ianfleming.com/new-young-bond-series-in-2014/ |publisher=[[Ian Fleming Publications]] |access-date=11 October 2013 |date=9 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014031316/http://www.ianfleming.com/new-young-bond-series-in-2014/ |archive-date=14 October 2013 }}</ref>

[[Goldfinger (novel)|''Goldfinger'']]—notably featuring 007 being threatened with the novel's circular saw, rather than the film's laser beam—and ''[[Diamonds Are Forever (film)|Diamonds Are Forever]]''.<ref>{{citecitation journal|title=Radio Times|date=6–12 October 1973|pages=74–79}}</ref> In 1991, a spin-off TV cartoonanimated series, ''[[James Bond Jr.]]'', was produced with [[Corey Burton]] in the role of Bond's nephew, also called James Bond Jr.<ref>{{cite news|last=Svetkey|first=Benjamin|title=Sweet Baby James|url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,310606,00.html|access-date=4 November 2011|newspaper=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=29 May 1992|archive-date=20 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020094034/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,310606,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2022, a [[Reality television|reality competition show]] based on the franchise, ''[[007: Road to a Million]]'', was released on [[Amazon Prime Video]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rantala |first1=Hanna |title=New TV show ''007: Road To A Million'' brings Bond-like tasks to screens |url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/new-tv-show-007-road-million-brings-bond-like-tasks-screens-2023-11-02/ |work=[[Reuters]] |date=8 November 2023 |language=en |access-date=16 January 2024 |archive-date=11 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111221436/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/new-tv-show-007-road-million-brings-bond-like-tasks-screens-2023-11-02/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1958, the novel [[Moonraker (novel)|''Moonraker'']] was adapted for broadcast on [[South Africa]]n radio, with [[Bob Holness]] providing the voice of Bond.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jamesbondradio.com/book-review-the-many-lives-of-james-bond/|title=Book Review: The Many Lives of James Bond|date=18 November 2019|website=James Bond Radio|language=en-GB|access-date=4 December 2019|archive-date=4 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204002740/https://jamesbondradio.com/book-review-the-many-lives-of-james-bond/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Many Lives of James Bond: How the Creators of 007 Have Decoded the Superspy|last=Edlitz|first=Mark|publisher=Lyons Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1493041565|page=148}}</ref> According to ''[[The Independent]]'', "listeners across the Union thrilled to Bob's cultured tones as he defeated evil master criminals in search of world domination".<ref>{{cite news|last=Roberts|first=Andrew|title=The Bond bunch|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=8 November 2006|page=14}}</ref>

The [[BBC]] have adapted five of the Fleming novels for broadcast: in 1990 [[You Only Live Twice (novel)|''You Only Live Twice'']] was adapted into a 90-minute radio play for [[BBC Radio 4]] with [[Michael Jayston]] playing James Bond. The production was repeated a number of times between 2008 and 2011.<ref>{{cite web|title=James Bond&nbsp;– You Only Live Twice|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00fbzkg|work=BBC Radio 4 Extra|publisher=BBC|access-date=21 October 2011|archive-date=4 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104025517/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00fbzkg|url-status=live}}</ref> On 24 May 2008 BBC Radio 4 broadcast an adaptation of [[Dr. No (novel)|''Dr. No'']]. The actor [[Toby Stephens]], who played Bond villain [[Gustav Graves]] in the Eon Productions version of ''[[Die Another Day]]'', played Bond, while Dr. No was played by [[David Suchet]].<ref>{{cite news|title=007 villain to play Bond on radio|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7380086.stm|publisher=BBC|access-date=6 October 2011|date=2 May 2008|archive-date=16 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316215211/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7380086.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Following its success, a second story was adapted and on 3 April 2010 [[BBC Radio 4]] broadcast [[Goldfinger (novel)|''Goldfinger'']] with Stephens again playing Bond.<ref>{{cite web|author= Hemley, Matthew|date= 13 October 2009|url= http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/25870/james-bond-to-return-to-radio-as-goldfinger|title= James Bond to return to radio as Goldfinger is adapted for BBC|publisher= The Stage Online|access-date= 19 March 2010|archive-date= 11 June 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110611123625/http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/25870/james-bond-to-return-to-radio-as-goldfinger|url-status= live}}</ref> [[Ian McKellen|Sir Ian McKellen]] was Goldfinger and Stephens' ''Die Another Day'' co-star [[Rosamund Pike]] played Pussy Galore. The play was adapted from Fleming's novel by Archie Scottney and was directed by [[Martin Jarvis (actor)|Martin Jarvis]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Goldfinger|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00rq1w3|work=Saturday Play|publisher=BBC|access-date=3 October 2011|archive-date=12 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112033433/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00rq1w3|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2012, the novel [[From Russia, with Love (novel)|''From Russia, with Love'']] was dramatised for Radio 4; it featured a full cast again starring Stephens as Bond.<ref>{{cite web|title=Saturday Drama: From Russia With Love|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01kxzr6|work=[[BBC Radio 4]]|publisher=BBC|access-date=20 August 2012|archive-date=19 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219090509/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01kxzr6|url-status=live}}</ref> In May 2014 Stephens again played Bond, in ''[[On Her Majesty's Secret Service (novel)|On Her Majesty's Secret Service]]'', with [[Alfred Molina]] as Blofeld, and [[Joanna Lumley]] (who appeared in the 1969 film adaptation) as Irma Bunt.<ref>{{cite web|title=Saturday Drama: On Her Majesty's Secret Service|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b042cq8f|website=[[BBC]]|publisher=BBC|access-date=30 June 2014|archive-date=6 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506000607/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b042cq8f|url-status=live}}</ref>

Most of the Bond novels and short stories have since been adapted for illustration, as well as Kingsley Amis's ''Colonel Sun''; the works were written by [[Henry Gammidge]] or Jim Lawrence (except for the adaptation of ''Dr. No'' which was written by future [[Modesty Blaise]] creator [[Peter O'Donnell]]) with [[Yaroslav Horak]] replacing McClusky as artist in 1966.{{sfn|Fleming|Gammidge|McLusky|1988|p=6}} After the Fleming and Amis material had been adapted, original stories were produced, continuing in the ''Daily Express'' and ''[[Sunday Express]]'' until May 1977.{{sfn|Simpson|2002|p=21}}

With the release of the 1981 film [[For Your Eyes Only (film)|''For Your Eyes Only'']], [[Marvel Comics]] published a two-issue [[comic book]] adaptation of the film.{{sfn|Pfeiffer|Worrall|1998|p=131}}{{sfn|Thompson|Frankenhoff|Bickford|2010|p=368}} When ''[[Octopussy]]'' was released in the cinemas in 1983, Marvel published an accompanying comic;{{sfn|Conroy|2004|p=293}} Eclipse also produced a one-off comic for ''Licence to Kill'', although Timothy Dalton refused to allow his likeness to be used.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bond Violence Gets Artistic 'Licence'|newspaper=[[The Palm Beach Post]]|date=28 July 1989}}</ref> New Bond stories were also drawn up and published from 1989 onwards through Marvel, [[Eclipse Comics]], [[Dark Horse Comics]] and [[Dynamite Entertainment]].{{sfn|Conroy|2004|p=293}}{{sfn|Thompson|Frankenhoff|Bickford|2010|p=368}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://screencrush.com/james-bond-dynamite-comic-review/|title=How Dynamite's New James Bond Comic Creates a 007 We Haven't Seen Before|publisher=Screencrush|date=6 November 2016|access-date=16 May 2019|archive-date=5 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105004243/https://screencrush.com/james-bond-dynamite-comic-review/|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:007 (EON Productions logo, 1995).svg|thumb|Franchise logo, 1995–present]]

Eon Productions, the company of Canadian [[Harry Saltzman]] and American [[Albert R. Broccoli|Albert R. "Cubby" Broccoli]], released the first cinema adaptation of an Ian Fleming novel, [[Dr. No (film)|''Dr. No'']] (1962), based on the [[Dr. No (novel)|eponymous 1958 novel]] and featuring [[Sean Connery]] as [[James Bond (film character)|007]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Sutton |first=Mike |title=Dr. No (1962) |url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/455547/ |website=[[Screenonline]] |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233640/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/455547/ |archive-date=3 March 2016 }}</ref> Connery starred in a further four films before leaving the role after [[You Only Live Twice (film)|''You Only Live Twice'']] (1967),<ref>{{cite web|title=You Only Live Twice|url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/235281%7C0/You-Only-Live-Twice.html|website=TCM |publisher=Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc|access-date=2 August 2011|archive-date=6 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206131511/http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/235281%7C0/You-Only-Live-Twice.html|url-status=live}}</ref> which was taken up by [[George Lazenby]] for [[On Her Majesty's Secret Service (film)|''On Her Majesty's Secret Service'']] (1969).<ref name=screenonline>{{cite web|title=On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1969)|url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/550393/credits.html|website=Screenonline|publisher=British Film Institute|access-date=4 November 2011|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184421/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/550393/credits.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Lazenby left the role after just one appearance and Connery was brought back for his last Eon-produced film [[Diamonds Are Forever (film)|''Diamonds Are Forever'']].{{sfn| Feeney Callan |2002|p=217}}

[[Roger Moore]] was appointed to the role of 007 for [[Live and Let Die (film)|''Live and Let Die'']] (1973). He played Bond a further six times over twelve years, before being replaced by [[Timothy Dalton]] for two films. After a six-year hiatus, during which a legal wrangle threatened Eon's productions of the Bond films,{{sfn|Simpson|2002|p=81}} Irish actor [[Pierce Brosnan]] was cast as Bond in ''[[GoldenEye]]'' (1995); he remained in the role for a total of four films through 2002. In 2006, [[Daniel Craig]] was given the role for [[Casino Royale (2006 film)|''Casino Royale'']] (2006), which rebooted the series.<ref>{{cite news|last=Robey|first=Tim|title=Sam Mendes may have problems directing new James Bond movie|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/jamesbond/8255072/Sam-Mendes-may-have-problems-directing-new-Bond-movie.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/jamesbond/8255072/Sam-Mendes-may-have-problems-directing-new-Bond-movie.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=4 November 2011|date=12 January 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Craig appeared for a total of five films.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/08/16/media/daniel-craig-james-bond-stephen-colbert/index.html|title=Daniel Craig confirms return as James Bond|last=Pallotta|first=Frank|work=CNNMoney|access-date=21 August 2018}}</ref> The series has grossed well over $7&nbsp;billion to date, making it the [[List of highest-grossing film series|fifth-highest-grossing film series]].<ref name="Numbers: Franchises">{{cite web|title=Movie Franchises|url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchises/sort/World|website=The Numbers|publisher=Nash Information Services|access-date=12 March 2021|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216183108/https://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchises/sort/World|url-status=live}}</ref><gallery>

In 1967, [[Casino Royale (1967 film)|''Casino Royale'']] was adapted into a [[parody]] Bond film starring [[David Niven]] as Sir James Bond and [[Ursula Andress]] as Vesper Lynd. Niven had been Fleming's preference for the role of Bond.{{sfn|Macintyre|2008|p=202}} The result of a court case in the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]] in London in 1963 allowed [[Kevin McClory]] to produce a remake of [[Thunderball (film)|''Thunderball'']] titled ''[[Never Say Never Again]]'' in 1983.<ref name="Poliakoff (2000)">{{cite journal|last=Poliakoff |first=Keith |title=License to Copyright – The Ongoing Dispute Over the Ownership of James Bond |journal=Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal |publisher=[[Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law]] |year=2000 |volume=18 |pages=387–436 |url=http://www.cardozoaelj.net/issues/00/Poliakoff.pdf |access-date=3 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331161856/http://www.cardozoaelj.net/issues/00/Poliakoff.pdf |archive-date=31 March 2012 }}</ref> The film, produced by [[Jack Schwartzman]]'s Taliafilm production company and starring Sean Connery as Bond, was not part of the Eon series of Bond films. In 1997, the Sony Corporation acquired all or some of McClory's rights in an undisclosed deal,<ref name="Poliakoff (2000)" /> which were then subsequently acquired by [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]], whilst on 4 December 1997, MGM announced that the company had purchased the rights to ''Never Say Never Again'' from Taliafilm.<ref>{{cite press release | title = Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. announces acquisition of Never Say Never Again James Bond assets | publisher = [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] | date = 4 December 1997 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505213137/http://mgm.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=47&printable|archive-date=5 May 2008| url = http://mgm.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=47&printable | access-date =4 November 2011}}</ref> {{as of|2015}}, Eon holds the full adaptation rights to all of [[List of James Bond novels and short stories|Fleming's Bond novels]].<ref name="Poliakoff (2000)" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Shprintz|first=Janet|title=Big Bond-holder|url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117492814?refCatId=13|access-date=4 November 2011|newspaper=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|quote=Judge Rafeedie&nbsp;... found that McClory's rights in the "Thunderball" material had reverted to the estate of Fleming|date=29 March 1999|archive-date=9 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109023433/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117492814?refCatId=13|url-status=live}}</ref>

The "[[James Bond Theme]]" was written by [[Monty Norman]] and was first orchestrated by the [[John Barry (composer)|John Barry]] Orchestra for 1962's ''Dr. No'', although the actual authorship of the music has been a matter of controversy for many years.{{sfn|Lindner|2009|p=122}} In 2001, Norman won £30,000 in libel damages from ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' newspaper, which suggested that Barry was entirely responsible for the composition.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/1229406.stm |title= Monty Norman sues for libel |work= Bond theme writer wins damages |access-date= 4 November 2011 | date= 19 March 2001 | publisher= BBC News |archive-date= 19 July 2004 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20040719045328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/1229406.stm |url-status= live }}</ref> The theme, as written by Norman and arranged by Barry, was described by another Bond film composer, [[David Arnold]], as "bebop-swing vibe coupled with that vicious, dark, distorted electric guitar, definitely an instrument of rock 'n' roll&nbsp;... it represented everything about the character you would want: It was cocky, swaggering, confident, dark, dangerous, suggestive, sexy, unstoppable. And he did it in two minutes."<ref name="Burlingame">{{cite news|last=Burlingame|first=Jon|title=Bond scores establish superspy template|access-date=4 November 2011|newspaper=[[Variety (magazine)|Daily Variety]]|url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117995119?refcatid=3313&printerfriendly=true|date=3 November 2008|archive-date=9 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109012425/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117995119?refcatid=3313&printerfriendly=true|url-status=live}}</ref> Barry composed the [[Film score|scores]] for eleven Bond films{{sfn|Chapman|2009|pp=97–98}} and had an uncredited contribution to ''Dr. No'' with his arrangement of the Bond Theme.<ref name="Burlingame" />

A Bond film staple are the theme songs heard during their [[title sequence]]s sung by well-known popular singers.{{sfn|Simpson|2002|p=224}} [[Shirley Bassey]] performed three Bond theme songs, with her 1964 song "[[Goldfinger (Shirley Bassey song)|Goldfinger]]" inducted into the [[Grammy Hall of Fame]] in 2008.<ref>[http://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame#g "Grammy Hall of Fame Award] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707235113/http://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame |date=7 July 2015-07-07 }}. ''Grammy.org''. Retrieved 28 July 2022</ref> Several of the songs produced for the films have been nominated for [[Academy Awards]] for [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Original Song]], including [[Paul McCartney]]'s "[[Live and Let Die (song)|Live and Let Die]]",<ref>{{cite web|title=The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1974|work=Oscar Legacy|publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]]|access-date=27 October 2011|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003953/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1974|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Carly Simon]]'s "[[Nobody Does It Better]]",<ref>{{cite web|title=The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1978 |work=Oscar Legacy|publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|access-date=27 October 2011|archive-date=5 September 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/50th-winners.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sheena Easton]]'s "[[For Your Eyes Only (song)|For Your Eyes Only]]",<ref name="54th Oscars">{{cite web |title=The 54th Academy Awards (1982)|publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1982 |work=Oscar Legacy|access-date=27 October 2011|archive-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111072059/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1982|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Adele]]'s "[[Skyfall (Adele song)|Skyfall]]",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oscar.go.com/nominees |title=2013 Oscars Nominees |date=January 2013 |publisher=oscars |access-date=10 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121229222408/http://oscar.go.com/nominees |archive-date=29 December 2012 }}</ref> [[Sam Smith (singer)|Sam Smith]]'s "[[Writing's on the Wall (Sam Smith song)|Writing's on the Wall]]",<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/oscar-nominations-complete-list-855398 |title=Oscar Nominations: The Complete List |work=The Hollywood Reporter |last=Ford |first=Rebecca |date=14 January 2016 |access-date=7 May 2016 |archive-date=21 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121121016/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/oscar-nominations-complete-list-855398 |url-status=live }}</ref> and

[[Billie Eilish]]'s "[[No Time to Die (song)|No Time to Die]]".<ref name="Eilish"/> Adele won the award at the [[85th Academy Awards]], Smith won at the [[88th Academy Awards]], and Eilish won at the [[94th Academy Awards]].<ref name="Eilish">{{cite web |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2022 |title=The 94th Academy Awards {{!}} 2022 |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |access-date=28 March 2022 |archive-date=2725 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325152056/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2022 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/sam-smith-wins-oscar-for-his-james-bond-spectre-theme-song-writings-on-the-wall__13954/|title=Sam Smith wins Oscar for his James Bond Spectre theme song|last=Copsey|first=Rob|date=29 February 2016|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=7 May 2016|archive-date=2 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302011319/http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/sam-smith-wins-oscar-for-his-james-bond-spectre-theme-song-writings-on-the-wall__13954/|url-status=live}}</ref> For the non-Eon produced ''Casino Royale'', [[Burt Bacharach]]'s score included "[[The Look of Love (1967 song)|The Look of Love]]" (sung by [[Dusty Springfield]]), which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song.<ref name="40th Oscars">{{cite web |title=The 40th Academy Awards (1968)|publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|url= http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1968|work=Oscar Legacy|access-date=4 November 2011|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003842/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1968|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1983, the first Bond video game, developed and published by [[Parker Brothers]], was released for the [[Atari 2600]], [[Atari 5200]], [[Atari 8-bit familycomputers]], [[Commodore 64]], and [[ColecoVision]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Backe|first=Hans-Joachim|title=Narrative Feedback: Computer games, comics, and the James Bond Franchise|url=http://homepage.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/hans-joachim.backe/docs/Backe_Narrative%20Feedback_online.pdf|publisher=[[Ruhr University Bochum]]|access-date=14 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414214600/http://homepage.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/hans-joachim.backe/docs/Backe_Narrative%20Feedback_online.pdf|archive-date=14 April 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> Since then, there have been numerous video games either based on the films or using original storylines. In 1997, the [[first-person shooter]] [[video game]] [[GoldenEye 007 (1997 video game)|''GoldenEye 007'']] was developed by [[Rare (company)|Rare]] for the [[Nintendo 64]], based on ''[[GoldenEye]]''.<ref name="Gaming Age review">{{cite web |access-date=4 November 2011|url=http://www.gaming-age.com/reviews/archive/old_reviews/n64/goldeneye/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006065421/http://www.gaming-age.com/reviews/archive/old_reviews/n64/goldeneye/|archive-date=6 October 2010 |title=GoldenEye 007 review |publisher=Gaming Age Online |author=Greg Sewart}}</ref> The game received highly positive reviews,<ref>{{cite web|title=GoldenEye 007 Reviews|publisher=gamerankings.com|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/htmlpages2/197462.asp|access-date=4 November 2011|archive-date=29 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129201452/http://www.gamerankings.com/htmlpages2/197462.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> won the BAFTA Interactive Entertainment Award for UK Developer of the Year in 1998,<ref>{{cite web|title=Rare: Company |url=http://rare.co.uk/company |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216184326/http://www.rare.co.uk/company |archive-date=16 December 2011 }}</ref> and sold over eight million copies worldwide,<ref name="hollis-speech">{{cite web |url=http://www.zoonami.com/briefing/2004-09-02.php |title=The Making of GoldenEye 007 |publisher=Zoonami |author=Martin Hollis |date=2 September 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718160021/http://www.zoonami.com/briefing/2004-09-02.php |archive-date=18 July 2011|access-date=22 December 2011}}</ref><ref name="Microsoft-Rare">{{cite web |url=https://news.microsoft.com/2002/09/24/microsoft-acquires-video-game-powerhouse-rare-ltd/ |title=Microsoft Acquires Video Game Powerhouse Rare Ltd. |date=24 September 2002 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] News Center |access-date=28 August 2011 |archive-date=21 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221113108/http://news.microsoft.com/2002/09/24/microsoft-acquires-video-game-powerhouse-rare-ltd/ |url-status=live }}</ref> grossing $250&nbsp;million,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Crandall |first1=Robert W. |last2=Sidak |first2=J. Gregory |title=Video Games: Serious Business for America's Economy |url=http://theesa.com/newsroom/seriousbusiness.pdf |publisher=[[Entertainment Software Association]] |access-date=4 November 2011 |pages=39–40 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203134407/http://www.theesa.com/newsroom/seriousbusiness.pdf |archive-date= 3 February 2013 }}</ref> making it the third-[[List of best-selling Nintendo 64 video games|best-selling Nintendo 64 game]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/86590/10-game-changing-facts-about-nintendo-64 |title=10 Game-Changing Facts About the Nintendo 64 |last=Serafino |first=Jay |work=[[Mental Floss]] |publisher=[[Dennis Publishing]] |date=26 September 2016 |access-date=24 April 2017 |archive-date=25 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425030131/http://mentalfloss.com/article/86590/10-game-changing-facts-about-nintendo-64 |url-status=live }}</ref> It is frequently cited as one of the [[List of video games considered the best|greatest video games of all time]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theage.com.au/news/livewire/the-50-best-games/2005/10/04/1128191720699.html |title=The 50 best games |date=6 October 2005 |newspaper=[[The Age]] |access-date=9 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310135541/https://www.theage.com.au/news/livewire/the-50-best-games/2005/10/04/1128191720699.html |archive-date=10 March 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The 100 Greatest Games Of All Time|date=2009|url=http://www.empireonline.com/100greatestgames/|publisher=[[Empire (film magazine)|Empire]]|website=www.empireonline.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515221956/http://www.empireonline.com/100greatestgames/|archive-date=15 May 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=We rank the 100 greatest videogames|date=13 May 2003|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2003/05/13/we-rank-100-greatest-videogames/|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|access-date=8 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309120251/http://www.ew.com/article/2003/05/13/we-rank-100-greatest-videogames/|archive-date=9 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1999, [[Electronic Arts]] acquired the licence and released [[Tomorrow Never Dies (video game)|''Tomorrow Never Dies'']] on 16 December 1999.<ref>{{cite web|title=007: Tomorrow Never Dies |url=http://uk.psx.ign.com/objects/002/002310.html |website=IGN |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701202801/http://uk.psx.ign.com/objects/002/002310.html |archive-date= 1 July 2011 }}</ref> In October 2000, they released [[The World Is Not Enough (Nintendo 64 video game)|''The World Is Not Enough'']]{{sfn|King|Krzywinska|2002|p=183}} for the [[Nintendo 64]]<ref>{{cite web|title=The World Is Not Enough |url=http://www.eurocom.co.uk/index.php/video-games/the-world-is-not-enough |work=Video Games |publisher=[[Eurocom|Eurocom Developments]] |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930054908/https://www.eurocom.co.uk/index.php/video-games/the-world-is-not-enough |archive-date=30 September 2011 }}</ref> followed by ''007 Racing'' for the [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]] on 21 November 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=007 Racing Review |url=http://uk.psx.ign.com/objects/014/014712.html |website=IGN |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404055912/http://uk.psx.ign.com/objects/014/014712.html |archive-date= 4 April 2012 }}</ref> In 2003, the company released ''[[James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing]]'',<ref>{{cite web|title=James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing |url=http://uk.xbox.ign.com/objects/566/566595.html |website=IGN |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425092431/http://uk.xbox.ign.com/objects/566/566595.html |archive-date=25 April 2012 }}</ref> which included the likenesses and voices of Pierce Brosnan, [[Willem Dafoe]], [[Heidi Klum]], [[Judi Dench]] and [[John Cleese]], amongst others.<ref>{{cite web|title=James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing Review|url=http://uk.xbox.ign.com/articles/492/492864p1.html|website=IGN|access-date=4 November 2011|date=18 February 2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425092437/http://uk.xbox.ign.com/articles/492/492864p1.html|archive-date=25 April 2012}}</ref> In November 2005, Electronic Arts released a video game adaptation of ''[[007: From Russia with Love]]'',<ref name="FRWL IGN">{{cite web|title=From Russia With Love Review|url=http://uk.ps2.ign.com/objects/726/726488.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816013614/http://uk.ps2.ign.com/objects/726/726488.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 August 2009|website=IGN|access-date=4 November 2011}}</ref> which involved Sean Connery's image and voice-over for Bond.<ref name="FRWL IGN" /> In 2006, Electronic Arts announced a game based on then-upcoming film ''Casino Royale'': the game was cancelled because it would not be ready by the film's release in November of that year. With MGM losing revenue from lost licensing fees, the franchise was removedmoved from EA to [[Activision]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117942524?categoryid=18&cs=1 | title= Bond, Superman games on the move | access-date=4 November 2011 | work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | first=Ben | last=Fritz | date=3 May 2006 | archive-date=20 November 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120222547/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117942524?categoryid=18&cs=1 | url-status=live }}</ref> Activision subsequently released the ''[[007: Quantum of Solace]]'' game on 31 October 2008, based on the film of the same name.<ref>{{cite web|title=James Bond: Quantum of Solace Reviews |url=http://uk.gamespot.com/quantum-of-solace/reviews/james-bond-quantum-of-solace-review-6200423?tag=summary%3Bread-review |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120718161848/http://uk.gamespot.com/quantum-of-solace/reviews/james-bond-quantum-of-solace-review-6200423?tag=summary;read-review |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 July 2012 |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |access-date=11 December 2011 }}</ref>

A new version of [[GoldenEye 007 (2010 video game)|''GoldenEye 007'']] featuring Daniel Craig was released for the [[Wii]] and a handheld version for the [[Nintendo DS]] in November 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wii.ign.com/articles/109/1097593p1.html |title=GoldenEye Reimagined for Wii |last=Harris |first=Craig |website=IGN |access-date=16 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618125726/http://wii.ign.com/articles/109/1097593p1.html |archive-date=18 June 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A year later a new version was released for [[Xbox 360]] and [[PlayStation 3]] under the title ''[[GoldenEye 007 (2010 video game)#GoldenEye 007: Reloaded|GoldenEye 007: Reloaded]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/ps3/action/goldeneye-reloaded/news/6324521/goldeneye-007-reloaded-first-impressions?sid=6324521&mode=previews|title=GoldenEye 007: Reloaded First Impressions|first=Mark|last=Walton|website=[[GameSpot]]|date=20 July 2011|access-date=21 July 2011}}{{Dead link|date=March 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Robinson |first=Andy |url=http://www.computerandvideogames.com/312335/goldeneye-hd-is-official-move-online-confirmed-trailer/ |title=News: GoldenEye HD is official: Move, Online Confirmed – Trailer |publisher=ComputerAndVideoGames.com |date=20 July 2011 |access-date=19 September 2012 |archive-date=22 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110922122744/http://www.computerandvideogames.com/312335/goldeneye-hd-is-official-move-online-confirmed-trailer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2012 ''[[007 Legends]]'' was released, which featured one mission from each of the Bond actors of the Eon Productions' series.<ref>{{cite web|last=Johnson |first=Leif |title=007 Legends Review |url=http://uk.gamespot.com/007-legends/reviews/007-legends-review-6398765/ |work=[[GameSpot]] |access-date=10 November 2012 |date=24 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028081511/http://uk.gamespot.com/007-legends/reviews/007-legends-review-6398765/ |archive-date=28 October 2012 }}</ref> In November 2020, [[IO Interactive]] announced ''Project 007'', an original James Bond video game, working closely with licensors [[MGM]] and [[Eon Productions]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/hitman-developer-announces-new-bond-game-project-007 |title=Hitman Developer Announces New Bond Game, Project 007 |first=Joe |last=Skrebels |date=19 November 2020 |website=[[IGN]] |access-date=19 November 2020 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119140855/https://www.ign.com/articles/hitman-developer-announces-new-bond-game-project-007 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-11-19-hitman-developer-io-reveals-fresh-project | title = Hitman developer IO is making a James Bond game | first = Tom | last = Phillips | date = 19 November 2020 | access-date = 19 November 2020 | work = [[Eurogamer]] | archive-date = 19 November 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201119141134/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-11-19-hitman-developer-io-reveals-fresh-project | url-status = live }}</ref>

Bond's most famous car is the silver grey [[Aston Martin DB5]], first seen in ''Goldfinger'';{{sfn|Cork|Stutz|2007|p=180}} it later featured in ''Thunderball'', ''GoldenEye'', ''Tomorrow Never Dies'', ''Casino Royale'', ''[[Skyfall]]'' and ''Spectre''.{{sfn|Cork|Stutz|2007|pp=180–181}}<ref name="Obs: french">{{cite news|last=French|first=Philip|title=Skyfall – review|newspaper=[[The Observer]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/oct/28/skyfall-james-bond-review|date=28 October 2012|author-link=Philip French|location=London|page=32|access-date=11 December 2016|archive-date=19 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119010218/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/oct/28/skyfall-james-bond-review|url-status=live}}</ref> The films have used a number of different Aston Martins for filming and publicity, one of which was sold in January 2006 at an auction in the US for $2.1&nbsp;million to an unnamed European collector.<ref>{{cite news|title=James Bond car sold for over £1m|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4633986.stm|access-date=6 November 2011|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|date=21 January 2006|archive-date=18 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518142832/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4633986.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2010, another DB5 used in Goldfinger was sold at auction for $4.6m million (£2.6&nbsp;million).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/classiccars/8092441/James-Bond-Aston-Martin-DB5-sells-for-2.6m.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/classiccars/8092441/James-Bond-Aston-Martin-DB5-sells-for-2.6m.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=James Bond Aston Martin DB5 sells for 拢2.6m|author=Andrew English|date=28 October 2010|work=The Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Cinematically, Bond has been a major influence within the spy genre since the release of ''Dr. No'' in 1962,{{sfn|Smith|Lavington|2002|p=21}} with 22 secret agent films released in 1966 alone attempting to capitalise on the Bond franchise's popularity and success.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Moniot|first=Drew|title=James Bond and America in the Sixties: An Investigation of the Formula Film in Popular Culture|journal=Journal of the University Film Association|date=Summer 1976|volume=28|issue=3|publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]|jstor=20687331|pages=25–33}}</ref> The first parody was the 1964 film ''[[Carry On Spying]]'', which shows the villain Dr. Crow being overcome by agents who included James Bind ([[Charles Hawtrey (actor born 1914)|Charles Hawtry]]) and Daphne Honeybutt ([[Barbara Windsor]]).<ref>{{cite web|last=Angelini|first=Sergio|title=Carry On Spying (1964)|url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/466477/|work=BFI Screenonline|publisher=British Film Institute|access-date=4 November 2011|archive-date=10 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010000556/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/466477/|url-status=live}}</ref> One of the films that reacted against the portrayal of Bond was the [[Harry Palmer]] series, whose first film, [[The Ipcress File (film)|''The Ipcress File'']], starring [[Michael Caine]], was released in 1965. The eponymous hero is a rough-edged, petty crook turned spy, and was what academic Jeremy Packer called an "anti-Bond",{{sfn|Packer|2009|p=26}} or what Christoph Lindner calls "the thinking man's Bond".{{sfn|Lindner|2009|p=128}} The Palmer series were produced by Harry Saltzman, who also used key crew members from the Bond series, including designer [[Ken Adam]], editor [[Peter R. Hunt]] and composer John Barry.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ipcress File, The (1965)|url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/459866/credits.html|work=Screenonline|publisher=British Film Institute|access-date=10 November 2011|archive-date=4 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804154450/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/459866/credits.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The four "[[Matt Helm]]" films starring [[Dean Martin]] (released between 1966 and 1969),<ref>{{cite journal|last=Allegretti|first=Joseph|title=James Bond and Matt Helm: The Moral Universe of Literature's Most Famous Spy and His Chief American Rival|journal=The Mid-Atlantic Almanack|url=http://www.mapaca.net/almanack/archive/2008/jamesNmatt.pdf |access-date=5 November 2011|publisher=Mid-Atlantic Popular/American Culture Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108042418/http://www.mapaca.net/almanack/archive/2008/jamesNmatt.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> the "[[Our Man Flint|Flint]]" series starring [[James Coburn]] (comprising two films, one each in 1966 and 1969),{{sfn|Pfeiffer|Worrall|1998|p=210}} while ''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]'' also moved onto the cinema screen, with eight films released: all were testaments to Bond's prominence in popular culture.{{sfn|Chapman|2009|pp=97–98}} More recently, the ''[[Austin Powers]]'' series by writer, producer and comedian [[Mike Myers]],{{sfn|Lindner|2009|p=76}} and other parodies such as the ''[[Johnny English (film series)|Johnny English]]'' trilogy of films,<ref>{{cite news|last=Howell|first=Peter|title=Thunderbollocks|newspaper=[[Toronto Star]]|date=21 October 2011|page=E2}}</ref> have also used elements from or parodied the Bond films.

Following the release of the film ''Dr. No'' in 1962, the line "Bond&nbsp;... James Bond", became a [[catch phrase]] that entered the [[lexicon]] of Western popular culture: writers Cork and Scivally said of the introduction in ''Dr. No'' that the "signature introduction would become the most famous and loved film line ever".{{sfn|Cork|Scivally|2002|p=6}} In 2001, it was voted as the "best-loved one-liner in cinema" by British cinema goers,<ref>{{cite news|title=James Bond tops motto poll|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/1383350.stm|access-date=4 November 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=11 June 2001|archive-date=5 March 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070305191459/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/1383350.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2005, it was honoured as the 22nd greatest quotation in cinema history by the [[American Film Institute]] as part of their [[AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes|100 Years Series]].<ref>{{cite web|title=100 Years Series: "Movie Quotes" |url=http://connect.afi.com/site/DocServer/quotes100.pdf?docID=242 |work=AFI 100 Years Series |publisher=[[American Film Institute]] |access-date=4 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716070844/http://connect.afi.com/site/DocServer/quotes100.pdf?docID=242 |archive-date=16 July 2011 }}</ref> The 2005 [[American Film Institute]]'s '100 Years' series recognised the character of James Bond himself as the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains|third greatest film hero]].<ref>{{cite web|title=100 years series: 100 heroes and villains |url=http://connect.afi.com/site/DocServer/handv100.pdf?docID=246 |work=AFI 100 Years Series |publisher=American Film Industry |access-date=8 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807135547/http://connect.afi.com/site/DocServer/handv100.pdf?docID=246 |archive-date=7 August 2011 }}</ref> He was also placed at number 11 on a similar list by ''[[Empire (film magazine)|Empire]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=The 100 Greatest Movie Characters: 11. James Bond|url=https://www.empireonline.com/100-greatest-movie-characters/default.asp?c=11|work=[[Empire (film magazine)|Empire]]|access-date=8 June 2011|archive-date=11 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011020449/http://www.empireonline.com/100-greatest-movie-characters/default.asp?c=11|url-status=live}}</ref> and as the fifth greatest movie character of all time by [[Premiere (magazine)|''Premiere'']].<ref>{{cite magazine|title=100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time|url=http://www.filmsite.org/100characters4.html|magazine=[[Premiere (magazine)|Premiere]]|access-date=8 June 2011|archive-date=13 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413135948/http://www.filmsite.org/100characters4.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1965, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine observed "James Bond has developed into the biggest mass-cult hero of the decade".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chapman |first1=James |title=Licence to Thrill A Cultural History of the James Bond Films |date=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |page=92}}</ref>

[[File:James Bond (Daniel Craig) figure at Madame Tussauds London (30318318754).jpg|thumb|upright|Waxwork of [[Daniel Craig]], the currentmost recent 007, at [[Madame Tussauds]], London]]

The 2425 James Bond films produced by [[Eon Productions|Eon]] are the longest continually running film series of all time, and including the two non Eon produced films, the 2627 Bond films have grossed over $7.04&nbsp;billion in total, making it the [[List of highest-grossing franchises and film series|sixth-highest-grossing franchise]] to date. It is estimated that since ''Dr. No'', a quarter of the world's population have seen at least one Bond film.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Dodds|first=Klaus|title=Screening Geopolitics: James Bond and the Early Cold War films (1962–1967)|journal=Geopolitics|year=2005|volume=10|issue=2|pages=266–289|doi=10.1080/14650040590946584|s2cid=144363319}}</ref> The UK Film Distributors' Association have stated that the importance of the Bond series of films to the British film industry cannot be overstated, as they "form the backbone of the industry".<ref>{{cite news|title=British film classics: Dr No|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/2787017.stm|access-date=4 November 2011|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|date=21 February 2003|archive-date=16 December 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031216162228/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/film/2787017.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Considered a British cultural icon, James Bond had become such a symbol of the United Kingdom that the character, played by Craig, appeared in the [[2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony|opening ceremony]] of the [[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 London Olympics]] as Queen [[Elizabeth II]]'s escort.<ref name="brown20120727">{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Nic|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-19018666|title=How James Bond whisked the Queen to the Olympics|work=[[BBC News]]| date=27 July 2012|access-date=27 July 2012|archive-date=19 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419193112/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-19018666|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Action & Mystery exhibition inspired by GREAT British icons|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/world-location-news/action-mystery-exhibition-inspired-by-great-british-icons|agency=Gov.uk|date=1 November 2016|access-date=1 November 2016|archive-date=3 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103222307/https://www.gov.uk/government/world-location-news/action-mystery-exhibition-inspired-by-great-british-icons|url-status=live}}</ref> From 1968 to 2003, and since 2016, the [[Cadbury]] chocolate box [[Milk Tray]] has been advertised by the 'Milk Tray Man', a tough James Bond–style figure who undertakes daunting 'raids' to surreptitiously deliver a box of Milk Tray chocolates to a lady.<ref>{{cite news |title=As Cadbury's Milk Tray Man returns, which other TV ad characters are ripe for a makeover? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/picture-galleries/11921585/As-Cadburys-Milk-Tray-Man-returns-which-other-TV-ad-characters-are-ripe-for-a-makeover.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/picture-galleries/11921585/As-Cadburys-Milk-Tray-Man-returns-which-other-TV-ad-characters-are-ripe-for-a-makeover.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=8 August 2019 |work=The Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Milk Tray man to swing back into action for new Cadbury campaign |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/oct/09/milk-tray-man-cadbury-campaign |access-date=8 August 2019 |newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> Bond has been commemorated numerous times on a UK postage stamp issued by the [[Royal Mail]], most recently in their [[Great Britain commemorative stamps 2020–2029#2020|March 2020 series]] to mark the 25th Bond film release.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/51533469|title=Royal Mail: James Bond stamps released for new movie|website=[[BBC]]|date=18 February 2020|accessdate=1 October 2022|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001102726/https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/51533469|url-status=live}}</ref>

Throughout the life of the film series, a number of [[Merchandising|tie-in products]] have been released.{{sfn|Simpson|2002|p=273}} "Bondmania", a term deriving from the adjacent "[[Beatlemania]]" and initiated in 1964 following the enormous success of ''Goldfinger'', described the clamour for Bond films and their related products, from soundtrack LPs to children's toys, board games, alarm clocks playing the Bond theme, and 007-branded shirts.{{sfn|Lindner|2009|p=127}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stephen |first1=Glynn |title=The British Pop Music Film The Beatles and Beyond |date=2013 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=100}}</ref> In 2018, a James Bond museum opened atop the Austrian Alps.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.today.com/video/james-bond-museum-opens-atop-the-austrian-alps-1275453507541|title=James Bond museum opens atop the Austrian Alps|work=TODAY.com|access-date=18 July 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=18 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718051746/https://www.today.com/video/james-bond-museum-opens-atop-the-austrian-alps-1275453507541|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[futuristic]] museum is constructed on the summit of Gaislachkogl Mountain in [[Sölden]] at 10,000&nbsp;ft (3,048&nbsp;m) above sea level.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://traveltriangle.com/blog/new-james-bond-museum-007-elements-to-open-in-austrian-alps/|title='Die Another Day', As This New James Bond Museum On The Austrian Alps Is Too Good To Be Missed|last=TravelTriangle|date=15 June 2018|access-date=18 July 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=18 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718144756/https://traveltriangle.com/blog/new-james-bond-museum-007-elements-to-open-in-austrian-alps/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/james-bond-museum-opens-atop-the-austrian-alps-1275453507541|title=James Bond museum opens atop the Austrian Alps|work=NBC News|access-date=18 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=5 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805043145/https://www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/james-bond-museum-opens-atop-the-austrian-alps-1275453507541|url-status=live}}</ref>

The real MI6 has an ambiguous relationship with Bond. The films may attract job applicants who may be unsuited for espionage, while dissuading more-qualified candidates.{{r|warren20211220}} While serving as Chief of SIS, [[Alex Younger]] said that were Bond to apply for a MI6 job "he would have to change his ways". Younger said, however, that the franchise had "created a powerful brand for MI6 ... Many of our counterparts envy the sheer global recognition of our acronym",<ref name="macaskill20161208">{{Cite news |last=MacAskill |first=Ewen |date=8 December 2016-12-08 |title=James Bond would not get job with real MI6, says spy chief |language=en |work=The Guardian |url=http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/dec/08/james-bond-would-not-get-job-with-real-mi6-says-spy-chief |access-date=2022-12-15 December 2022}}</ref> and that being depicted to global audiences as a "ubiquitous intelligence presence" was "quite a force multiplier". The Russian [[Federal Security Service]] so envied Bond that it created an annual award for fictional depictions of Russian spies.<ref name="warren20211220">{{Cite news |last=Warren |first=Helen |date=2021-12-20 December 2021 |title=The spies who struggle to love James Bond |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/18ded85b-557e-4380-8d5f-4d50fa3f5881 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-12-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215202408/https://www.ft.com/content/18ded85b-557e-4380-8d5f-4d50fa3f5881 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2012, the polling organisation [[YouGov]] conducted a survey of American Bond fans, categorizingcategorising responses by age, sex, and political affiliation. All groups selected Sean Connery as their favourite Bond actor.<ref>{{cite news|title=He Last Played James Bond In 1983, But Americans Say Sean Connery Is Still The Best|url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/society/articles-reports/2012/11/15/he-last-played-james-bond-1983-americans-say-sean-|work=YouGov|date=15 November 2012|access-date=3 March 2023|archive-date=3 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303004932/https://today.yougov.com/topics/society/articles-reports/2012/11/15/he-last-played-james-bond-1983-americans-say-sean-|url-status=live}}</ref> A 2018 poll found that 47% of American adults had seen at least one Bond film, with 27% having seen every film.<ref>{{cite web|title=Share of adults who have ever watched the James Bond movie franchise in the United States as of November 2018 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/946911/james-bond-movie-franchise-viewers/|work=Statisa|date=5 January 2023|access-date=3 March 2023|archive-date=3 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303004931/https://www.statista.com/statistics/946911/james-bond-movie-franchise-viewers/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Queen [[Elizabeth II]] met the first ofsix heractors sixto play James Bond's, Seanon the screen. She met Connery, at the world premiere of ''You Only Live Twice'' in 1967, and, according to the royal biographer [[Gyles Brandreth]]: "She really did love all the early James Bond films", preferring the earlier films, "before they got so loud.".<ref>{{cite news |author=MI6 Staff |title=For Queen & Country |url=https://www.mi6-hq.com/sections/articles/movies-queen-elizabeth-ii-ties-to-james-bond?id=05113 |date=8 September 2022 |access-date=14 March 2023 |agency=MI6 |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222217/https://www.mi6-hq.com/sections/articles/movies-queen-elizabeth-ii-ties-to-james-bond?id=05113 |url-status=live }}</ref> Several prominent politicians have also been fans of the franchise, including [[John F. Kennedy]], [[Ronald Reagan]], and [[Kim Jong Il]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Rothman|first=Lily|title=JFK and Reagan Were Both Bond Fans|url=https://entertainment.time.com/2012/10/04/james-bond-declassified-50-things-you-didnt-know-about-007/slide/presidential-bond/|work=[[Time Magazine]]|date=25 September 2015|access-date=3 March 2023|archive-date=3 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303004932/https://entertainment.time.com/2012/10/04/james-bond-declassified-50-things-you-didnt-know-about-007/slide/presidential-bond/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Blitzer|first=Wolf|title=North Korean leader loves Hennessey, Bond movies|url=https://www.cnn.com/2003/US/01/08/wbr.kim.jong.il/|work=[[CNN]]|date=8 January 2003|access-date=3 March 2023|archive-date=3 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303004931/https://www.cnn.com/2003/US/01/08/wbr.kim.jong.il/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The James Bond character and related media have received a number of criticisms and reactions across the political spectrum, and are still highly debated in [[popular culture studies]].<ref>{{Cite book|title = The James Bond Phenomenon: A Critical Reader|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=x9-1QY5boUsC&q=james%2520bond%2520criticism&pg=PA6|publisher = Manchester University Press|year= 2003|isbn = 978-0-7190-6541-5|first = Christoph|last = Lindner}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Ian Fleming & James Bond: The Cultural Politics of 007|url={{Google books|MzWajYxgfOkC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|publisher = Indiana University Press|year= 2005|isbn = 978-0-253-34523-3|first1 = Edward P.|last1 = Comentale|first2 = Stephen|last2 = Watt|first3 = Skip|last3 = Willman}}</ref> Some observers accuse the Bond novels and films of [[misogyny]] and [[sexism]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Why I'm Still Shaken and Stirred by James Bond |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/why-im-still-shaken-and-stirred-by-james-bond |access-date=13 November 2021 |work=Vogue |quote=I understand the criticisms levied at the franchise. Bond is a caveman with an Omega, a misogynist with gadgets, a brute in a tux. |archive-date=13 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113200414/https://www.vogue.com/article/why-im-still-shaken-and-stirred-by-james-bond |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Shaking and Stirring James Bond: Age, Gender, and Resilience in Skyfall (2012)|journal = Journal of Popular Film and Television|date = 3 July 2014|issn = 0195-6051|pages = 116–130|volume = 42|issue = 3|doi = 10.1080/01956051.2013.858026|first = Klaus|last = Dodds|s2cid = 145499529}}</ref> GeographersIn haveSeptember considered2021, the''[[No roleTime ofto exoticDie]]'' locations in the movies in the dynamics of thedirector [[ColdCary WarJoji Fukunaga|Cary Fukunaga]], withdescribed powerSean strugglesConnery's amongversion blocsof playingBond outas in'basically thea peripheral areasrapist'.<ref>{{Cite journalweb|title date=23 Screening Geopolitics:September 2021|title=James Bond andwas the'basically' Earlya Coldrapist Warin early films, (1962–1967)|journalsays =No Geopolitics|dateTime =to 1Die July 2005director|issn url= 1465https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/sep/23/james-0045bond-no-time-to-die-cary-fukunaga-thunderball|pages access-date=24 266–289|volumeSeptember = 102021|issue website=The 2Guardian|doi language= 10.1080en}}</14650040590946584|firstref> =The Klaus|lastfranchise =has Dodds|s2cidon =occasion 144363319}}</ref>also Otherbeen criticsa claimtarget thatof thereligious Bondcriticism. filmsIn reflect1962, [[Nostalgia|imperialVatican nostalgiaCity]].<ref>{{Cite's book|last=Müller|first=Timo|chapter=Theofficial Bondsnewspaper of''[[L'Osservatore Empire:Romano]]'' (Post-)Imperial Negotiations incondemned the 007film Film''[[Dr. SeriesNo (film)|editor1-first=BarbaraDr. |editor1-last=BuchenauNo]]'', |editor2-first=Virginiareferring |editor2-last=Richterto |title=Post-Empireit Imaginaries?as Anglophone"a dangerous mixture of Literatureviolence, Historyvulgarity, sadism and the Demise of Empires|publisher=Rodopi|location=Amsterdam|year=2015|pages=305–326|doi=10sex".1163/9789004302280_014|isbn=978-9004302280}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|titlenews |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/109137216/ Skyfall|title=Shame, James Bond's|date=18 Resurrection,May and1965 21st-Century|work=The AngloCourier-American ImperialJournal Nostalgia|journallocation=Louisville |page=16 Communication Quarterly|access-date =25 20August October2017 2014|issn = 0146archive-3373|pages date=25 569–588|volumeAugust =2017 62|issue archive-url= 5|doi = 10https://web.1080archive.org/01463373web/20170825233639/https://www.2014newspapers.949389|firstcom/newspage/109137216/ |url-status=live Marouf Jr.|last url-access=subscription Hasian|s2cid via=[[Newspapers.com]] 143363641}}</ref> InHowever, Septemberin 20212012, ''[[Nothe Timenewspaper towent Die]]''on directorto [[Carygive Jojipositive Fukunaga|Caryreviews Fukunaga]]to describedthe Seanfilm Connery's version of Bond as 'basically a rapist[[Skyfall]]''.<ref>{{Citecite webnews|datelast=23 September 2021Squires|titlefirst=Nick|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/jamesbond/9645296/Vatican-lauds-human-James -Bond-licence-to-cry.html|title=Vatican waslauds 'basicallyhuman' aJames rapistBond, in'licence earlyto films,cry'|work=[[The saysDaily NoTelegraph]]|date=31 TimeOctober to2012|access-date=27 DieFebruary director2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227195837/https://www.theguardiantelegraph.comco.uk/culture/film/2021jamesbond/sep9645296/23/jamesVatican-bondlauds-nohuman-timeJames-toBond-dielicence-caryto-fukunaga-thunderballcry.html|accessurl-datestatus=24 September 2021|website=The Guardian|language=enlive}}</ref>

!colspan="4" style="background-color: aqua;"| Novels

| Banned in 1954.<ref>{{cite news|last=Simpson|first=Craig|title=James Bond books edited to remove racist references|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/02/25/james-bond-books-edited-remove-racist-references/|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=25 February 2023|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227084310/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/02/25/james-bond-books-edited-remove-racist-references/|url-status=live}}</ref>

| Under Francoist Spain, the final pages of ''Dr. No'' were cut entirely, due to sexual references. The censored editions are still sometimes reproduced in Spain today, often unknowingly.<ref>{{cite news|title=Spain fails to turn page on Franco's legacy of censorship|url=https://www.ft.com/content/dbb4f3d6-80e6-11e6-8e50-8ec15fb462f4|work=[[Financial Times]]|date=23 September 2016|access-date=3 March 2023|archive-date=3 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303000719/https://www.ft.com/content/dbb4f3d6-80e6-11e6-8e50-8ec15fb462f4|url-status=live}}</ref>

| All Bond novels were banned during the existence of the Soviet Union. Russian newspaper the ''[[Komsomolskaya Pravda]]'' condemned the series, describing it as being set in a "nightmarish world where laws are written at the point of a gun, where coercion and rape is considered valour and murder is a funny trick.".<ref name="Soviet">{{cite news|last=Connik|first=Michael|url=https://literary007.com/2017/09/14/james-bond-vs-the-ussr/|title=James Bond vs. the USSR|date=14 September 2007|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227192659/https://literary007.com/2017/09/14/james-bond-vs-the-ussr/|url-status=live}}</ref>

!colspan="4" style="background-color: tomato;"| Films

| In December 1965, shortly after its release in the country, [[Israel]] banned the film ''[[Goldfinger (film)|Goldfinger]]'', after discovering actor [[Gert Fröbe|Gert Fröbe's]] past association with the [[Nazi Party]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Feron|first=James|title=Israel Bans 'Goldfinger' Movie Because of Frobe's Nazi Past|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/12/15/archives/israel-bans-goldfinger-movie-because-of-frobes-nazi-past.html|work=[[New York Times]]|date=15 December 1995|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227192243/https://www.nytimes.com/1965/12/15/archives/israel-bans-goldfinger-movie-because-of-frobes-nazi-past.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The ban was lifted two months later, in February 1966, after the [[Censorship in Israel|Israel Film Censorship Board]] found evidence that Fröbe had quit the Nazi Party in 1937. Additionally, the film's producers were believed to have made appeals to Israel to lift the ban, and due to the fact thatbecause Israeli public demand to see the popular film was high, the reversal on the ban was made.<ref>{{cite news|title='Goldfinger' Allowed To Play in Israel; Ban on Actor Lifted|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/02/13/archives/goldfinger-allowed-to-play-in-israel-ban-on-actor-lifted.html|work=[[New York Times]]|date=13 February 1966|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227192244/https://www.nytimes.com/1966/02/13/archives/goldfinger-allowed-to-play-in-israel-ban-on-actor-lifted.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

| In 2007, [[China]] gave permission for the 2006 film ''[[Casino Royale (2006 film)|Casino Royale]]'' to play uncensored in the nation. It was the first Bond film to gain a release unaltered in the country,<ref>{{cite magazine|title=James Bond ban lifted in China|url=https://www.gamesradar.com/james-bond-ban-lifted-in-china/|magazine=Games Radar|date=22 January 2007|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227194025/https://www.gamesradar.com/james-bond-ban-lifted-in-china/|url-status=live}}</ref> followed by ''[[Quantum of Solace]]''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chinese censors give 007 a 'Quantum of Solace' and no cuts though|url=https://www.mi6-hq.com/news/index.php?itemid=6930|work=MI6-HQ|date=28 October 2008|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227194026/https://www.mi6-hq.com/news/index.php?itemid=6930|url-status=live}}</ref>

However, ''Skyfall'' was released in an edited version, after cutting a torture scene, altering subtitles, and removing references to prostitution in the film.<ref>{{cite news|title=Censored Bond film Skyfall opens in China|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-21115987|work=[[BBC]]|date=21 January 2013|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=26 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626175834/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-21115987|url-status=live}}</ref>

| In 2015, ''Spectre'' was released censored in [[India]], after the [[Central Board of Film Certification]] ordered kissing scenes in the film be trimmed by 50%.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Li|first=Shirley|title=India censors James Bond's kisses in 'Spectre'|url=https://ew.com/article/2015/11/19/spectre-kisses-censored-india/|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=19 November 2015|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227232238/https://ew.com/article/2015/11/19/spectre-kisses-censored-india/|url-status=live}}</ref>

!colspan="4" style="background-color: pink;"| Video games

| In 1997, [[Germany]] banned the video game ''GoldenEye 007'', with the German Federal Review Board placing it on their ''List of Media Harmful to Minors''. The ban was lifted in 2021.<ref>{{cite news|last=Bankhurst|first=Adam|title=Goldeneye 007 German Ban Removal Raises Some Interesting Questions About Its Future On Switch Online|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/goldeneye-007-german-ban-removal-raises-some-interesting-questions-about-its-future-on-switch-online|work=[[IGN]]|date=30 October 2021|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227193114/https://www.ign.com/articles/goldeneye-007-german-ban-removal-raises-some-interesting-questions-about-its-future-on-switch-online|url-status=live}}</ref>

In February 2023, Ian Fleming Publications (which administers all Fleming's literary works), edited the Bond series as part of a sensitivity review. The April 2023 re-releases of the series are planned to tie into the 70th anniversary of ''Casino Royale'', the first Bond novel. The new editions remove a number of references to race, including some slurs, along with some disparagements of women and homosexuality.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Simpson |first1=Craig |date=25 February 2023 |title=James Bond books edited to remove racist references |work=[[The Sunday Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/02/25/james-bond-books-edited-remove-racist-references/ |access-date=27 February 2023 |archive-date=27 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227084310/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/02/25/james-bond-books-edited-remove-racist-references/ |url-status=live }}</ref> They include a disclaimer added at the beginning of each book, reading:

<blockquote> "This book was written at a time when terms and attitudes which might be considered offensive by modern readers were commonplace. A number of updates have been made in this edition, while keeping as close as possible to the original text and the period in which it is set."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Haring |first1=Bruce |title=James Bond Books Edited To Avoid Offense To Modern Audiences – Report |url=https://deadline.com/2023/02/james-bond-books-rewritten-to-avoid-offense-to-modern-audiences-1235271892/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]] |date=26 February 2023 |access-date=27 February 2023 |archive-date=28 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228050958/https://deadline.com/2023/02/james-bond-books-rewritten-to-avoid-offense-to-modern-audiences-1235271892/ |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote>

The decision was generally met with strong criticism. Numerousby Bondmedia fansoutlets and public commentators, who condemned the changes as [[book censorship|literary censorship]].{{refn|<ref>{{cite news|last=CrumlishKerridge|first=CallumJake|title=James'Sensitivity' Bondbe fansdamned rage– atJames IanBond Fleming book 'censorship' - 'Give meis a break!'killer|url=https://www.expresstelegraph.co.uk/entertainment/books/1739975authors/james-bond-bookscold-censoredblooded-editskiller-ianshould-flemingnever-danielwritten-craigsensitivity/|work=[[The Daily ExpressTelegraph]]|date=27 February 2023}}</ref>|access-date=2 newsMarch and media outlets,<ref>{{cite news2023|lastarchive-date=Kerridge|first=Jake|title='Sensitivity'2 be damned – James Bond is a killerMarch 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302231553/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/authors/james-bond-cold-blooded-killer-should-never-written-sensitivity/|workurl-status=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=27 February 2023live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Lowry|first=Rich|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2023/02/dont-rewrite-books/|title=Don't Rewrite Books|work=[[National Review]]|date=28 February 2023|access-date=1 March 2023|archive-date=1 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301012405/https://www.nationalreview.com/2023/02/dont-rewrite-books/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Crow|first=David|title=Rewriting Ian Fleming's James Bond Books: What Is Even the Point?|url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/rewriting-ian-fleming-james-bond-books-what-is-the-point/|work=[[Den of Geek]]|date=28 February 2023|access-date=2 March 2023|archive-date=2 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302231554/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/rewriting-ian-fleming-james-bond-books-what-is-the-point/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Chilton|first=Louis|title=Censoring Roald Dahl and Ian Fleming has nothing to do with 'sensitivity'|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/james-bond-censored-offensive-roald-dahl-b2290856.html|work=[[The Independent]]|date=27 February 2023|access-date=1 March 2023|archive-date=1 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301012401/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/james-bond-censored-offensive-roald-dahl-b2290856.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Ladan|first=Luke|title=I've read all the James Bond books and write for a living. Censoring them is just plain wrong|url=https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/read-james-bond-books-write-living-censoring-wrong|work=[[Fox News]]|date=2 March 2023|access-date=2 March 2023|archive-date=2 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302231553/https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/read-james-bond-books-write-living-censoring-wrong|url-status=live}}</ref> and public commentators condemned the changes as [[book censorship|literary censorship]].}} ''[[The View (talk show)|The View]]'' host [[Whoopi Goldberg]] expressed her opposition, arguing that offensive historical literature should be left unaltered;<ref>{{cite news|last=Nungesser|first=Samantha|title=Whoopi Goldberg Says She's Against Editing Offensive Books on 'The View': "Kids Should Have the Right to Read How People Thought" |url=https://decider.com/2023/02/27/the-view-whoopi-goldberg-sunny-hostin-clash-censorship/|work=[[New York Post#Decider|Decider]]|date=27 February 2023|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227225524/https://decider.com/2023/02/27/the-view-whoopi-goldberg-sunny-hostin-clash-censorship/|url-status=live}}</ref> while ''[[National Review]]'' contributors [[Charles C. W. Cooke]] and [[Douglas Murray (author)|Douglas Murray]] attacked the changes as excessive [[political correctness]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Cooke|first=Charles C. W.|title=Why Not Censor Shakespeare Next?|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2023/02/why-not-censor-shakespeare-next/|work=[[National Review]]|date=27 February 2023|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227230528/https://www.nationalreview.com/2023/02/why-not-censor-shakespeare-next/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Murray|first=Douglas|title=Sensitivity Readers Are Distorting the Pages of the Past|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/magazine/2023/05/01/sensitivity-readers-are-distorting-the-pages-of-the-past/|work=[[National Review]]|date=13 April 2023|access-date=19 April 2023|archive-date=19 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419032424/https://www.nationalreview.com/magazine/2023/05/01/sensitivity-readers-are-distorting-the-pages-of-the-past/|url-status=live}}</ref> Fleming biographer [[Andrew Lycett]] also opposed the changes, writing that "what an author commits to paper is sacrosanct and shouldn't be altered...The only changes to the text should come from the author."<ref>{{cite news|author=[[Andrew Lycett|Lycett, Andrew]]|title=I'm Ian Fleming's biographer – there's no way James Bond can be made 'PC'|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/james-bond-ian-fleming-books-edited-b2290563.html|work=[[The Independent]]|date=27 February 2023|access-date=1 March 2023|archive-date=1 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301012405/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/james-bond-ian-fleming-books-edited-b2290563.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

* {{Cite book|last=Griswold|first=John|title=Ian Fleming's James Bond: Annotations And Chronologies for Ian Fleming's Bond Stories|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uariyzldrJwC&q=Ian%20Fleming's%27s%20James%20Bond%3A%20Annotations%20And%20Chronologies%20For%20Ian%20Fleming's%27s%20Bond%20Stories&pg=PA2|publisher=AuthorHouse|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4259-3100-1|access-date=22 October 2020|archive-date=23 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323205738/https://books.google.com/books?id=uariyzldrJwC&q=Ian%20Fleming%27s%20James%20Bond%3A%20Annotations%20And%20Chronologies%20For%20Ian%20Fleming%27s%20Bond%20Stories&pg=PA2|url-status=live}}

* {{Cite book |last1= Thompson |first1= Maggie |last2= Frankenhoff |first2= Brent |last3= Bickford |first3= Peter |title= Comic Book Price Guide 2010 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=thFjDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT2 |year= 2010 |publisher= Krause Publications |isbn= 978-1-4402-1399-1 |access-date= 26 February 2023 |archive-date= 24 April 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230424004414/https://books.google.com/books?id=thFjDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT2 |url-status= live }}

* [http://www.ianfleming.com/ Ian Fleming Publicationspublications website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819171646/http://www.ianfleming.com/ |date=19 August 2020 }}

* [http://www.youngbond.com/ Young Bond Officialofficial Websitewebsite] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731070232/http://www.youngbond.com/ |date=31 July 2008 }}