Research on the Thermal Aging Mechanism of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Preparation
2.2. High-Temperature Accelerated Aging Test
2.3. Characterization
3. Results
3.1. Macro Performance Analysis
3.2. ATR-FTIR Results
3.3. Thermal Analysis Results
3.4. XRD Results
3.5. Mechanical Properties
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- According to the moisture loss characteristics, the aging of PVA hydrogels occurred in three stages: reduction of free water, reduction in bound water, and depletion of bound water.
- (2)
- Notably, the reduction in bound water significantly influences the lifespan of PVA hydrogels, with the maximum elongation serving as the aging characterization parameter of mechanical properties. In terms of time, the reduction in the bound water stage lasts the longest, and its degree of decrease determines the service life of PVA hydrogels.
- (3)
- Microscopically, the aging process of PVA hydrogels is controlled by molecular chain spacing, hydrogen bonds between PVA molecules, and the plasticizing effect of water. During the reduction in the free water stage, molecular chain spacing is the dominant mechanism; during the reduction in the bound water stage, hydrogen bonds between PVA molecules and the plasticizing effect of water are the dominant mechanisms; and during the depletion of the bound water stage, the plasticizing effect of water is the dominant mechanism.
- (4)
- The loss of bound water emerged as the primary factor determining the lifespan of PVA hydrogel structural components. To prolong the service life of PVA hydrogels, future research should focus on developing strategies to impede the loss of bound water, such as environmental humidity control and hydrophobic coating.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aging Time (d) | Volume (mm3) | Volume Shrinkage Ratio (%) | Moisture Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 3628 | / | 62 |
20 | 2163 | 40.4 | 40.13 |
40 | 1817 | 49.9 | 10.65 |
60 | 1607 | 55.7 | 8.75 |
80 | 1121 | 69.1 | 0.31 |
Aging Time (d) | Crystallinity (%) |
---|---|
0 | 14.6 |
20 | 62.4 |
40 | 70.5 |
60 | 60.0 |
80 | 66.6 |
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Chen, C.; Liu, X.; Wang, J.; Guo, H.; Chen, Y.; Wang, N. Research on the Thermal Aging Mechanism of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel. Polymers 2024, 16, 2486. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16172486
Chen C, Liu X, Wang J, Guo H, Chen Y, Wang N. Research on the Thermal Aging Mechanism of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel. Polymers. 2024; 16(17):2486. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16172486
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Chunkun, Xiangyang Liu, Jiangtao Wang, Haoran Guo, Yingjun Chen, and Ningfei Wang. 2024. "Research on the Thermal Aging Mechanism of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel" Polymers 16, no. 17: 2486. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16172486