Impact of the Family Environment on the Frequency of Animal-Based Product Consumption in School-Aged Children in Central Poland
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Survey Instrument
2.2. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. The Frequency of Meat and Meat Product Consumption
3.2. The Frequency of Fish Consumption
3.3. The Frequency of Egg Consumption
3.4. The Frequency of Dairy Product Consumption
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Environmental Factors | N | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Place of residence | City | 483 | 54.1 |
Village | 409 | 45.9 | |
Mother’s education level | Basic and vocational education | 55 | 6.2 |
Secondary education | 456 | 51.1 | |
Higher education | 323 | 36.2 | |
Not declared | 58 | 6.5 | |
Mother’s body mass (according to BMI) | Underweight | 34 | 3.8 |
Normal body mass | 542 | 60.8 | |
Overweight | 183 | 20.5 | |
Obese | 45 | 5.0 | |
Not declared | 88 | 9.9 | |
Net income per family * | <2000 PLN | 200 | 22.4 |
2000–4000 PLN | 344 | 38.6 | |
>4000 PLN | 222 | 24.9 | |
not declared | 126 | 14.1 | |
Number of children in the family | 1 | 196 | 22.0 |
2 | 471 | 52.8 | |
3 | 156 | 17.5 | |
4+ | 69 | 7.7 |
Types of Meat | % of Responses | |
---|---|---|
Yes | No | |
Chicken | 96 | 4 |
Turkey | 24 | 76 |
Pork | 69 | 31 |
Beef | 14 | 86 |
Others | 3 | 97 |
Types of Meat Products | % of responses | |
---|---|---|
Yes | No | |
Ham | 82 | 18 |
Sausage | 42 | 58 |
Hotdog | 58 | 42 |
Pate | 22 | 78 |
Homemade | 10 | 90 |
Others | 1 | 99 |
Foods | Meat | Fish | Eggs | Diary |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vegetables | G = 0.284, p < 0.001 | G = 0.289, p < 0.001 | G = 0.203, p < 0.001 | G = 0.097, p < 0.05 |
Grains | NS | G = 0.132, p < 0.01 | G = 0.204, p < 0.001 | G = 0.174, p < 0.001 |
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Pałkowska-Goździk, E.; Zadka, K.; Rosołowska-Huszcz, D. Impact of the Family Environment on the Frequency of Animal-Based Product Consumption in School-Aged Children in Central Poland. Nutrients 2023, 15, 2781. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122781
Pałkowska-Goździk E, Zadka K, Rosołowska-Huszcz D. Impact of the Family Environment on the Frequency of Animal-Based Product Consumption in School-Aged Children in Central Poland. Nutrients. 2023; 15(12):2781. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122781
Chicago/Turabian StylePałkowska-Goździk, Ewelina, Katarzyna Zadka, and Danuta Rosołowska-Huszcz. 2023. "Impact of the Family Environment on the Frequency of Animal-Based Product Consumption in School-Aged Children in Central Poland" Nutrients 15, no. 12: 2781. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122781