Vitamin C as Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species during Healing after Myocardial Infarction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Metabolism of Vitamin C
3. The Role of Vitamin C in Cardiovascular Pathologies
3.1. Role of ROS in the Heart
3.2. Cytosolic Sources of ROS (ctROS) in the Heart
3.3. Mitochondrial Sources of ROS (mtROS) in Heart
3.4. Role of Vitamin C as a Scavenger of ROS
Population | Study Size (n) | Age (Years) | Intervention (Doses of Vitamin C) | Trial Duration | Outcomes | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male with the first MI | 180 | <65 | Habitual | 3 months | Low plasma concentration had no benefit on MI | [35] |
Patients with sepsis and ARDS present for less than 24 h | 167 | 50 mg/kg in dextrose 5% in water, n = 84 (iv) | 96 h | No improvement of organ dysfunction sores, inflammation and vascular injury | [36] | |
Male with no prevalent HF | 3919 | 60–79 | Habitual | 11 years | High plasma concentration reduced the risk of HF with and without myocardial infarction | [39] |
Postmenopausal women with diabetes | 1923 | 55–69 | ≥300 mg/d (orally) | a mean time of 15 years | Higher cardiovascular mortality | [183] |
Healthy adults | 13421 | a mean of 61 | 320–1110 mg/d (orally) | a mean time of 11 years | Lower cardiovascular mortality | [187] |
Patients with clinically stable class I or II effort angina pectoris | 56 | a mean of 67 (50–84) years | 16.6 mg/min over 1 h before PCI (iv) | - | Microcirculatory reperfusion improved; Oxidative stress decreased | [188] |
Patients with asymptomatic adults with elevated coronary calcium scores | 1005 | 50–70 | Combination of vitamin C 1 g, vitamin E 1000 U and atorvastatin 20 mg daily (orally) | a mean duration of 4.3 years | Levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides reduced | [189] |
Patients with MI | 800 | A mean of 62 | 1000 mg in 12 h (iv) followed by 1200 mg/day combined with vitamin E 600 mg/day (orally) | For 30 days | In-hospital cardiac mortality, non-fatal new myocardial infarction, shock/pulmonary edema, etc. decreased. | [190] |
Adults without MI or stroke | 14641 | ≥50 | 500 mg/day (orally) | For 8 years | No benefit on MI, stroke or cardiovascular mortality. | [191] |
Patients with MI | 84 | 53.1 ± 11.2 in the antioxidant treatment group, 55.1 ± 8.4 years in the control group | 250 mL 20% mannitol (iv) over the first hour, 1000 mg of vitamin C in 500 mL 5% glucose (iv) over the first 4 h | - | Short term (e.g., cardiogenic shock), and long term (e.g., left ventricular insufficiency) complications decreased. | [192] |
Patients with MI | 120 | - | 500 mg, twice per day after MI (orally) | 5 days | Levels of SOD and total thiols increased Levels of XO and malondialdehyde decreased. | [193] |
Male with MI | 21 | 60.5 ± 6.8 | 2000 mg after MI (orally) | - | Oxidative stress decreased. | [194] |
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zheng, H.; Xu, Y.; Liehn, E.A.; Rusu, M. Vitamin C as Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species during Healing after Myocardial Infarction. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 3114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063114
Zheng H, Xu Y, Liehn EA, Rusu M. Vitamin C as Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species during Healing after Myocardial Infarction. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(6):3114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063114
Chicago/Turabian StyleZheng, Huabo, Yichen Xu, Elisa A. Liehn, and Mihaela Rusu. 2024. "Vitamin C as Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species during Healing after Myocardial Infarction" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 6: 3114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063114