NK Cells in Cancer: Mechanisms of Dysfunction and Therapeutic Potential
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Natural Killer Cell Origin and Development
1.2. Natural Killer Cell Migration to Peripheral Organs
1.3. Natural Killer Functions
2. NK Cells in Cancer: Mechanisms of Dysfunction
2.1. Inhibition of Recruitment
2.2. Modulation by Soluble Factors
2.3. Engagement of Checkpoint Inhibitors
2.4. Impact of Hypoxia and Acidification of the TME
3. Crosstalk between NK Cells and Immune Subsets within the TME
3.1. NK Cells and Conventional T Lymphocytes
3.2. NK Cells and T Regulatory Cells
3.3. NK Cells and DCs
3.4. NK Cells and Neutrophils
3.5. NK Cells and Macrophages
3.6. NK Cells and Monocytes
4. NK Cells as Target for Anti-Cancer Therapies
5. NK and T Cell-Targeting Immunotherapies
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Portale, F.; Di Mitri, D. NK Cells in Cancer: Mechanisms of Dysfunction and Therapeutic Potential. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9521. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119521
Portale F, Di Mitri D. NK Cells in Cancer: Mechanisms of Dysfunction and Therapeutic Potential. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(11):9521. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119521
Chicago/Turabian StylePortale, Federica, and Diletta Di Mitri. 2023. "NK Cells in Cancer: Mechanisms of Dysfunction and Therapeutic Potential" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11: 9521. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119521