Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Skin Aging
2.1. Natural Process of Skin Aging
2.2. Environmentally Induced Skin Aging
3. Melatonin and Aging
3.1. An Overview of the Synthesis, Metabolism, and Function of Melatonin
3.2. Protective Role of Melatonin in Systemic Aging
4. Melatonin, Its Metabolites and Skin Aging
4.1. Overview of Cutaneous Melatoninergic System
4.2. Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Attenuation of Photoaging
4.3. Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in the Attenuation of Pollution-Induced Skin Aging
4.4. Possible Role of Melatonin in Modifying Natural Process of Skin Aging
5. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bocheva, G.; Slominski, R.M.; Janjetovic, Z.; Kim, T.-K.; Böhm, M.; Steinbrink, K.; Reiter, R.J.; Kleszczyński, K.; Slominski, A.T. Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031238
Bocheva G, Slominski RM, Janjetovic Z, Kim T-K, Böhm M, Steinbrink K, Reiter RJ, Kleszczyński K, Slominski AT. Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031238
Chicago/Turabian StyleBocheva, Georgeta, Radomir M. Slominski, Zorica Janjetovic, Tae-Kang Kim, Markus Böhm, Kerstin Steinbrink, Russel J. Reiter, Konrad Kleszczyński, and Andrzej T. Slominski. 2022. "Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031238