The MHC Class II Transactivator CIITA: Not (Quite) the Odd-One-Out Anymore among NLR Proteins
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Identification of CIITA, the Master Regulator of MHC-II Expression
3. CIITA, a Founding Member of Mammalian NLR Proteins
4. Identification of NLRC5 as an MHC-I Regulator
5. Cis-Acting Elements, MHC Enhanceosome, CIITA- and NLRC5-Cistromes
6. Regulation of CIITA Gene Expression
7. CIITA in Disease
8. CIITA-Dependent Regulation of Genes Other Than MHC-Genes
9. Three’s a Crowd: NLRP3 as a TH2 Transcriptional Activator
10. CIITA and Cancer
10.1. CIITA and Immune Evasion in Cancer
10.2. Generation of Cancer Vaccines via CIITA and NLRC5
11. CIITA and Viral Inhibition
11.1. CIITA as a Viral Restriction Factor
11.2. CIITA as an Inhibitor of Ebola and Corona Viruses
12. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CIITA | NLRC5 | NLRP3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Aliases | NLRA; C2TA; MHC2TA | NOD27; CLR16.1 | CIAS1; PYPAF1; Cryopyrin; CLR1.1; NALP3 |
Main functions | MHC-II gene transcription | MHC-I gene transcription; diverse roles in innate immunity | Inflammasome; transcriptional regulator of TH2 differentiation |
Length (human) | FI: 1207 aa a FIII: 1130 aa FIV: 1106 aa | 1886 aa | 1036 aa |
Subcellular localization | Nuclear and cytoplasmic Lb b: nuclear | Cytoplasmic Lb: nuclear | Nuclear and cytoplasmic (in TH2 cells) |
Interaction partners c | RFX5; RFX-ANK; NF-YB; NF-YC; CREB; Bob-1; p300; p400; PCAF; CBP; BRG1; CARM1; TFIID; TFIIB; P-TEFb; Sug1; SIRT1; ZXDA; ZXDC | RFX-ANK | IRF4 |
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León Machado, J.A.; Steimle, V. The MHC Class II Transactivator CIITA: Not (Quite) the Odd-One-Out Anymore among NLR Proteins. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031074
León Machado JA, Steimle V. The MHC Class II Transactivator CIITA: Not (Quite) the Odd-One-Out Anymore among NLR Proteins. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(3):1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031074
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeón Machado, Jorge Alfonso, and Viktor Steimle. 2021. "The MHC Class II Transactivator CIITA: Not (Quite) the Odd-One-Out Anymore among NLR Proteins" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3: 1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031074