Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Treatments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Inflammaging in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
2.1. Cardiovascular Diseases in Aging Population
2.2. General Background and Risk Factors
2.3. Oxidative Stress and Inflammaging in Cardiovascular Aging
2.4. Roles of Inflammaging in CVD
2.5. Senescence Cells and CVD
2.6. Immunosenescence and CVD
3. Inflammaging in Cancer
3.1. Cancer in Aging Population
3.2. Oxidative Stress in Cancer
3.3. Inflammaging in Cancer
4. Inflammaging in Neurodegenerative Diseases
4.1. Inflammaging in Neurodegeneration
4.2. Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
4.3. Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
5. Inflammaging in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
5.1. Introduction of COPD
5.2. Inflammatory Cells Involved in COPD
5.3. Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in COPD
6. Inflammaging in Diabetes
6.1. Type I vs. Type II Diabetes
6.2. Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetes
6.3. Inflammaging and Diabetes
7. Inflammaging in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
7.1. RA in Aging Population
7.2. Causes of RA
7.3. Inflammaging and the Innate Immune System in RA
7.4. Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in RA
8. Potential Treatment for Inflammaging-Related Diseases
8.1. Drugs
8.2. Stem Cell Interventions
8.3. Diet
8.4. Plant Supplements
8.5. Gut Microbiome
9. Summary and Future Perspective
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ACPA | Anti-citrullinated protein antibody |
AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
BDB | 3-bromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde |
CCL11 | CC Chemokine ligand 11 |
COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
CCL-2 | Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 |
CPCs | Circulating progenitor cells |
CRP | C-reactive protein |
CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
EF | Epimedium total flavonoids |
EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor |
EPCs | Endothelial progenitor cells |
ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
G-MDSCs | Granylocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cells |
GPX | Glutathione peroxidase |
GSH | Glutathione |
Hb | Hemoglobin |
HDAC2 | Histone deacetylase 2 |
HSCs | Hematopoietic stem cell |
Ica | Icariin |
IL-1 | Interleukin-1 |
iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
IP-10 | Interferon–gamma induced protein 10 |
JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
KCNB1 | Voltage-gated potassium (K+) channel sub-family B member 1 |
KEAP1 | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
LDL | Low density lipoprotein |
LO | Lipoxygenase |
LRRK2 | Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) |
LTL | Leukocyte telomere length |
LW | Liuwei Dihuang |
LW-AFC | Active fraction combination from Liuwei Dihuang decoction |
MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
MMP | Matrix metalloprotease |
MPO | Myeloperoxidase |
MS | Multiple sclerosis |
mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
mtDNA | Mitochondrial DNA |
mtROS | Mitochondrial ROS |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B |
NLRP3 | Pryin domain containing-3 protein |
NM | Neuromelanin |
NO | Nitric oxide |
NOX | NADPH oxidase |
NRF2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
PD | Parkinson’s disease |
PFK | Phosphofructokinase |
PINK1 | PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) |
PI3K | Phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase |
PGC-1α | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1alpha |
PPP | Pentose phosphate pathway |
RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
SASP | Senescence-associated secretory phenotype |
SMR | Standardized mortality ratio |
SNpc | Substantia nigra pars compacta |
STAT3 | Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 |
TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-β |
Th1 | T helper cell 1 |
TIGAR | TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator |
TLR | Toll-like receptor |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
VCAM-1 | Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 |
VSMCs | Vascular smooth-muscle cells |
XO | Xanthine oxidase |
8-iso-PGF2α | 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α |
8-oxodG | 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanine |
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Disease | Causative Factors | Roles of Inflammaging and ROS | Potential Treatments | |
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CVD |
| |||
Cancer | Oxidative stress [40] | |||
Neurodegenerative Diseases | Aging | |||
AD | ||||
PD |
|
| ||
COPD |
| |||
Diabetes |
| |||
RA |
|
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Zuo, L.; Prather, E.R.; Stetskiv, M.; Garrison, D.E.; Meade, J.R.; Peace, T.I.; Zhou, T. Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Treatments. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 4472. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184472
Zuo L, Prather ER, Stetskiv M, Garrison DE, Meade JR, Peace TI, Zhou T. Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Treatments. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(18):4472. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184472
Chicago/Turabian StyleZuo, Li, Evan R. Prather, Mykola Stetskiv, Davis E. Garrison, James R. Meade, Timotheus I. Peace, and Tingyang Zhou. 2019. "Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Treatments" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18: 4472. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184472