Narrative Review and Analysis of the Use of “Lifestyle” in Health Psychology
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. The Concepts of Lifestyle
- Internal dimension: Lifestyle as a synonym for personality style, an expression of cognitive styles, or a set of attitudes, interests, and values. The focus is placed on the subject and on the internal processes that guide behaviour and action;
- External dimension: lifestyle as an expression of the individual’s status and social position within a given context or as an expression of behavioural patterns;
- Temporal dimension: lifestyle as a stable dimension that is expressed within daily practices; this dimension is found transversally in some sociological and psychological perspectives.
3.1.1. Internal Dimension
3.1.2. External Dimension
Social Positioning
Practice and Behaviour
3.1.3. Temporal Dimension
3.2. Lifestyle in the Field of Health Psychology
4. Discussion
4.1. Toward a Perspective of Definition and Research on Lifestyle
4.2. System of Meanings, Attitudes, and Values within Which Subject Acts
4.3. Define Individual and Collective Models of Health Practices within Social, Historical, and Cultural Contexts
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|
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Allport (1961) [13] | “The complex propriate organisation that determines the ‘total posture’ of a mature life-system.” […] [The lifestyle] “evolves gradually in the course of life, and day by day guides and unifies all, or at least many, of a person’s transactions with life.” | Psychology | Internal, temporal |
Coleman (1964) [41] | “The general pattern of assumptions, motives, cognitive styles, and coping techniques that characterise the behavior of a given individual and give it consistency.” | Psychology | Internal, temporal |
Schutz et al. (1979) [11] | “The orientation of self, others, and society that each individual develops and follow […] [it] reflects the values and cognitive style of individual. This orientation is derived from personal beliefs based on cultural context and the psycho-social milieu related to the stages of the individual’s life.” | Psychology | Internal |
Mitchell, (1983 ) [9] | “We started from the premise that an individual’s array of inner values would create specific matching patterns of outer behavior –that is, of lifestyle.” | Psychology | Internal |
WHO (1986) [42] | “Lifestyles are patterns of (behavioural) choices from the alternatives that are available to people according to their socio-economic circumstances and the ease with which they are able to choose certain ones over others.” | ||
Giddens (1991) [6] | “A lifestyle can be defined as a more or less integrated set of practices which an individual embraces, not only because such practices fulfil utilitarian needs, but because they give material form to a particular narrative of self-identity.” “Lifestyles are routine practices, the routines incorporated into habits of dress, eating, modes of acting and favoured milieus for encountering others; but the routines followed are reflexively open to change in the light of the mobile nature of self-identity.” | Sociology | External, temporal |
Veal (1993) [38] | “Lifestyle is the distinctive pattern of personal and social behaviour characteristic of an individual or a group.” | Sociology | External, temporal |
Stebbins (1997) [7] | “A lifestyle is a distinctive set of shared patterns of tangible behavior that is organised around a set of coherent interests or social condition or both, that is explained and justified by a set of values, attitudes, and orientations and that, under certain conditions, becomes the basis for a separate, common social identity for its participants” and “lifestyle are not entirely individual […] but are constructed through affiliation and negotiation, by the active integration of the individual and society, which are constantly […] reproduced through each other.” | Sociology | Internal, temporal |
Cockerham et al. (1997) [43] | “Collective patterns of health-related behaviour based on choices from options available to people according to their life chances.” | Sociology | External, temporal |
Jensen (2009) [44] | “A lifestyle is a pattern of repeated acts that are both dynamic and to some degree hidden to the individual, and they involve the use of artefacts. This lifestyle is founded on beliefs about the world, and its constancy over time is led by intentions to attain goals or sub-goals that are desired. In other words, a lifestyle is a set of habits that are directed by the same main goal.” | Psychology | External, temporal |
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Brivio, F.; Viganò, A.; Paterna, A.; Palena, N.; Greco, A. Narrative Review and Analysis of the Use of “Lifestyle” in Health Psychology. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 4427. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054427
Brivio F, Viganò A, Paterna A, Palena N, Greco A. Narrative Review and Analysis of the Use of “Lifestyle” in Health Psychology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(5):4427. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054427
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrivio, Francesca, Anna Viganò, Annalisa Paterna, Nicola Palena, and Andrea Greco. 2023. "Narrative Review and Analysis of the Use of “Lifestyle” in Health Psychology" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5: 4427. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054427