Effect of Near-Freezing Storage Combined with High-Voltage Electric Fields on the Freshness of Large Yellow Croaker
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Design of Experiments
2.1. Materials and Main Reagents
2.2. Instruments and Equipment
2.3. Experimental Methods
2.3.1. Sample Preparation
2.3.2. Preservation Methods
2.3.3. Preservation Environment
2.3.4. Sensory Evaluation
2.3.5. pH Value
2.3.6. Malondialdehyde
2.3.7. Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen
2.3.8. Total Viable Counts
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Sensory Evaluation
3.2. pH Value
3.3. Malondialdehyde
3.4. Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen
3.5. Total Viable Counts
3.6. Preservation Mechanism
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Test Item | Main Reagents | Manufacturer |
---|---|---|
pH value | Potassium chloride (KCl) | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) |
Malondialdehyde | Ammonium acetate | Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) |
Trichloroacetic acid Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Thiobarbituric acid | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) | |
Total volatile basic nitrogen | Magnesium oxide (MgO) Boric acid (H3BO3) Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Methyl red indicator (C15H15N3O2) Bromocresol green indicator (C21H14Br4O5S) | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) |
95% ethanol (C2H5OH) | Hangzhou Qingchen Chemical Reagent Factory. (Hangzhou, China) | |
Total viable counts | Plate counting agar medium Sterile saline | Guangdong Huankai Microbial Technology Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China) |
Electric Field Strength | In the Refrigerator and Inside PE Preservation Bag Ozone Value (ppm) | Error |
---|---|---|
control group | 0 | 0 |
5 kV/m | 0.8 | ±10% |
8 kV/m | 1.3 | ±12% |
16 kV/m | 1.75 | ±15% |
Sensory Evaluation Indicators | Grading Principles | Scores |
---|---|---|
Gill brightness | The gills are bright and mucus-free | 8~10 |
The gills are darkened and mucus-free | 6~8 | |
The gills are dark red with mucus | 4~6 | |
The gills are black with mucus | 2~4 | |
Muscle elasticity | The texture is clear, tightly organized, and elastic | 8~10 |
The texture is clear, the tissue is soft, and the elasticity is reduced | 6~8 | |
The texture fades, and the tissue is soft and slightly elastic | 4~6 | |
The texture is blurred, the tissue is floating, and it is inelastic | 2~4 | |
Volatile odor | No odor | 8~10 |
Slightly fishy | 6~8 | |
The fishy smell is emanating and slightly putrid smell | 4~6 | |
The whole smells of spoilage | 2~4 | |
eye appearance | The eyeball is clear, and the cornea is transparent | 8~10 |
The eyeball is darkened, and the cornea is clear but slightly sunken | 6~8 | |
The eyeball is darkened, and the cornea is blurred and sunken | 4~6 | |
The eyeball and cornea are blurred as a whole | 2~4 |
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Zhang, H.; Yang, Q.; Lin, S.; Yan, Z.; Wu, X.; Wei, W.; Pang, G. Effect of Near-Freezing Storage Combined with High-Voltage Electric Fields on the Freshness of Large Yellow Croaker. Foods 2024, 13, 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13182877
Zhang H, Yang Q, Lin S, Yan Z, Wu X, Wei W, Pang G. Effect of Near-Freezing Storage Combined with High-Voltage Electric Fields on the Freshness of Large Yellow Croaker. Foods. 2024; 13(18):2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13182877
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Hui, Qizhang Yang, Songyi Lin, Zhaobin Yan, Xuancheng Wu, Wenqiang Wei, and Guibing Pang. 2024. "Effect of Near-Freezing Storage Combined with High-Voltage Electric Fields on the Freshness of Large Yellow Croaker" Foods 13, no. 18: 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13182877