Ultrasensitive Ti3C2Tx@Pt-Based Immunochromatography with Catalytic Amplification and a Dual Signal for the Detection of Chloramphenicol in Animal-Derived Foods
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents and Instruments
2.2. Preparation of Ti3C2Tx
2.3. Preparation of Ti3C2Tx@Pt Nanocomposites
2.4. Preparation of Ti3C2Tx@Pt-Abs Probes
2.5. The Peroxidase-like Activity of Ti3C2Tx@Pt
2.6. The Preparation of the Test Strip
2.7. Sample Pretreatment and Detection Process
2.8. The Performance Assessment of the Developed Ti3C2Tx@Pt-ICA
2.8.1. Sensitivity
2.8.2. Selectivity
2.8.3. Accuracy and Precision
2.8.4. Confirmatory Test
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Ti3C2Tx@Pt
3.2. Evaluation of Ti3C2Tx@Pt Peroxidase-like Enzyme Activity
3.3. Optimizing the Synthesis of Ti3C2Tx@Pt
3.3.1. Optimization of H2PtCl6·6H2O Amount
3.3.2. Optimization of Synthesis Time
3.3.3. The Optimization of the Reductant Amount
3.4. Optimization of Ti3C2Tx@Pt-ICA
3.4.1. Optimization of Coupling pH
3.4.2. Optimization of Ab Amount
3.4.3. Optimization of Blocking Agent
3.4.4. Optimization of Catalytic Reaction Time
3.4.5. Optimization of Catalytic Substrate
3.4.6. Optimization of Catalytic Methods
3.5. Performance Evaluation of Ti3C2Tx@Pt-ICA
3.5.1. Sensitivity
3.5.2. Selectivity
3.5.3. Accuracy and Precision
3.5.4. Confirmatory Test
3.6. Comparison of ICA for CAP Detection
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample No. | LC-MS/MS (μg/kg) | CV (%) | Ti3C2Tx@Pt–ICA (μg/kg) | CV (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Milk1 | ND | - | ND | - |
Milk2 | 0.16 | 3.13 | 0.16 | 13.87 |
Milk3 | 1.34 | 2.24 | 1.36 | 8.06 |
Milk4 | ND | - | ND | - |
Milk5 | ND | - | ND | - |
Milk6 | 0.15 | - | 0.15 | 6.73 |
Milk7 | 0.30 | 1.67 | 0.29 | 9.57 |
Milk8 | ND | - | ND | - |
Milk9 | 0.31 | - | 0.32 | 6.86 |
Milk10 | 1.28 | 2.34 | 1.37 | 9.99 |
Chicken1 | 0.21 | 2.38 | 0.28 | 3.06 |
Chicken2 | ND | - | ND | - |
Chicken3 | 0.25 | - | 0.24 | 6.96 |
Chicken4 | 2.33 | 1.72 | 1.80 | 10.75 |
Chicken5 | ND | - | ND | - |
Chicken6 | 0.53 | 2.83 | 0.51 | 6.19 |
Chicken7 | ND | - | ND | - |
Chicken8 | 2.07 | 1.69 | 2.20 | 3.44 |
Chicken9 | 0.46 | 3.26 | 0.49 | 8.82 |
Chicken10 | ND | - | ND | - |
Fish1 | 2.13 | 1.41 | 2.58 | 10.48 |
Fish2 | 0.25 | 2.00 | 0.23 | 1.17 |
Fish3 | ND | - | ND | - |
Fish4 | 0.25 | - | 0.25 | 5.80 |
Fish5 | 2.12 | 2.59 | 2.85 | 3.31 |
Fish6 | ND | - | 0.016 | 5.95 |
Fish7 | 0.51 | 0.98 | 0.56 | 9.73 |
Fish8 | ND | - | ND | - |
Fish9 | 0.54 | 1.85 | 0.57 | 2.59 |
Fish10 | ND | - | ND | - |
Methods | Sample | vLOD (μg/kg) | LOD (μg/kg) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
DANS-ICA | Milk/Honey | 3 | - | [1] |
MGNPs-ICA | Fish | - | 0.235 | [45] |
NAN-ICA | Milk | 3 | 0.098 | [46] |
CV-ICA | Milk/Honey | 2 | - | [14] |
LFM-ICA | Honey/Egg/Fish | 0.25 | 0.048/0.061/0.073 | [13] |
QDs-ICA | Milk | 0.1 | 0.2 | [47] |
QDs-ICA | Milk | - | 0.12 | [48] |
QDs-ICA | Chicken | - | 0.016 | [12] |
GNPs-ICA | Honey | 5 | 0.02 | [49] |
GNPs-ICA | Milk | 0.5 | - | [44] |
GNPs-ICA | Milk | 5 | 0.5 | [50] |
GNPs-ICA | Milk | 1.2 | 0.04 | [51] |
GNPs-ICA | Milk | 2.4 | 0.016 | [52] |
Ti3C2Tx@Pt-ICA | Milk/Chicken/Fish | 0.05 | 0.01 | This work |
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Lin, M.; Gao, Z.; Qian, Z.; Deng, Y.; Chen, Y.; Wang, Y.; Li, X. Ultrasensitive Ti3C2Tx@Pt-Based Immunochromatography with Catalytic Amplification and a Dual Signal for the Detection of Chloramphenicol in Animal-Derived Foods. Foods 2024, 13, 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13091416
Lin M, Gao Z, Qian Z, Deng Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Li X. Ultrasensitive Ti3C2Tx@Pt-Based Immunochromatography with Catalytic Amplification and a Dual Signal for the Detection of Chloramphenicol in Animal-Derived Foods. Foods. 2024; 13(9):1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13091416
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Mengfang, Zhimin Gao, Zhenjie Qian, Youwen Deng, Yanhong Chen, Yu Wang, and Xiangmei Li. 2024. "Ultrasensitive Ti3C2Tx@Pt-Based Immunochromatography with Catalytic Amplification and a Dual Signal for the Detection of Chloramphenicol in Animal-Derived Foods" Foods 13, no. 9: 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13091416