Eating in the Amazon: Nutritional Status of the Riverine Populations and Possible Nudge Interventions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Amazonian Riverine Population
2.2. Identification and Prevalence of Consumers
2.3. Anthropometric Evaluation
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Tailored Behavioral Interventions: Some Possible Nudges Considering Behavior Analysis Principles
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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BMI (kg/m²) | WC (cm) at CVD Risk | WHR at CVD Risk | NC (cm) at CVD Risk | |
---|---|---|---|---|
<8.5 | Underweight | ≥80 (female) | >0.85 (female) | >34 (female) |
18.5–24.9 | Normal Weight | ≥90 (male) | >1.0 (male) | >37 (male) |
25.0–29.9 | Pre-obesity | |||
30.0–34.9 | Obesity I | |||
35.0–39.9 | Obesity II | |||
≥40 | Obesity III |
Characteristics | Total | Tapajós | Tucuruí | P (Tap vs. Tuc) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||||
Gender | Male | 78 | 41 | 29 | 37 | 41 | 0.065 a |
Female | 156 | 102 | 71 | 54 | 59 | ||
Total | 234 | 143 | 100 | 91 | 100 | ||
Age | 44 (31–50) | 40 (30–49) | 47 (37–51) | 0.014 b | |||
Weight (kg) | 65.6 (56.6–75.2) | 65.6 (56.2–75.0) | 65.6 (56.7–76.0) | 0.908 b | |||
Height (cm) | 157 (151–164) | 157 (152–164) | 157 (150–166) | 0.902 b | |||
BMI | 25.8 (23.0–29.7) | 25.8 (22.9–29.5) | 25.5 (23.0–30.1) | 0.992 b | |||
WC (cm) | 90.5 ± 11.9 | 90.3 ± 11.9 | 90.6 ± 11.8 | 0.838 c | |||
HC (cm) | 101 (96–107) | 101 (95–107) | 102 (96–107) | 0.913 b | |||
WHR | 0.90 (0.84–0.94) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) | 0.90 (0.84–0.95) | 0.855 b | |||
NC (cm) | 36 (34–39) | 37 (34–39) | 36 (34–40) | 0.919 b |
Prevalence (and Number of Participants) According to BMI | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Status | Male | Female | Total | |||
Tapajós | Tucuruí | Tapajós | Tucuruí | Tapajós | Tucuruí | |
Underweight | 5% (2) | 3% (1) | 2% (2) | 0% (0) | 3% (4) | 1% (1) |
Normal Weight | 39% (16) | 35% (13) | 41% (42) | 48% (26) | 40% (57) | 43% (39) |
Pre-obesity/Obesity | 56% (23) | 62% (23) | 57% (58) | 52% (28) | 57% (82) | 56% (51) |
Total | 100% (41) | 100% (37) | 100% (102) | 100% (54) | 100% (143) | 100% (91) |
Prevalence (and Number of Participants) According to BMI in Pre-Obesity/Obesity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Total | ||||
Tapajós | Tucuruí | Tapajós | Tucuruí | Tapajós | Tucuruí | |
Pre-Obesity | 87% (20) | 60.9% (14) | 53.4% (31) | 50% (14) | 63% (52) | 54.9% (28) |
Obesity I | 13% (3) | 34.8% (8) | 32.8% (19) | 35.7% (10) | 27.2% (22) | 35.3% (18) |
Obesity II | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | 12.1% (7) | 14.3% (4) | 8.6% (7) | 7.8% (4) |
Obesity III | 0% (0) | 4.3% (1) | 1.7% (1) | 0% (0) | 1.2% (1) | 2% (1) |
Total | 100% (23) | 100% (23) | 100% (58) | 100% (28) | 100% (82) | 100% (51) |
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Machado, C.L.R.; Crespo-Lopez, M.E.; Augusto-Oliveira, M.; Arrifano, G.d.P.; Macchi, B.d.M.; Lopes-Araújo, A.; Santos-Sacramento, L.; Souza-Monteiro, J.R.; Alvarez-Leite, J.I.; Souza, C.B.A.d. Eating in the Amazon: Nutritional Status of the Riverine Populations and Possible Nudge Interventions. Foods 2021, 10, 1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10051015
Machado CLR, Crespo-Lopez ME, Augusto-Oliveira M, Arrifano GdP, Macchi BdM, Lopes-Araújo A, Santos-Sacramento L, Souza-Monteiro JR, Alvarez-Leite JI, Souza CBAd. Eating in the Amazon: Nutritional Status of the Riverine Populations and Possible Nudge Interventions. Foods. 2021; 10(5):1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10051015
Chicago/Turabian StyleMachado, Camila Lorena Rodrigues, Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez, Marcus Augusto-Oliveira, Gabriela de Paula Arrifano, Barbarella de Matos Macchi, Amanda Lopes-Araújo, Letícia Santos-Sacramento, José Rogério Souza-Monteiro, Jacqueline Isaura Alvarez-Leite, and Carlos Barbosa Alves de Souza. 2021. "Eating in the Amazon: Nutritional Status of the Riverine Populations and Possible Nudge Interventions" Foods 10, no. 5: 1015. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10051015