Potential of Cation Exchange Resin as a Carrier for Anaerobic Consortia in Biohydrogen Fermentation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Main Characteristics of Sludge and CER
2.2. Sludge Fermentation Experiments
2.3. Characterisation of CER before and after Fermentation
2.4. Electrochemical Measurements
2.5. Fermentation Experiments of the Mixture of S-CERs and Model Substrates
2.6. Microbial Community Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterisation of CER before and after Fermentation
3.2. Fermentation Potential of the Anaerobic Consortia Attached to S-CERs
3.3. Microbial Community Structure of the Anaerobic Consortia on the Surface of CERs
3.3.1. Microbial Richness and Diversity
3.3.2. Microbial Community Structure
3.4. Implications and Future Considerations
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|---|
CER type | Gel-type | Wet apparent density | 0.77~0.87 g/mol |
Cation form | Na+ | Wet true density | 1.250~1.290 g/mol |
Basic polymer | Styrene-Divinylbenzene copolymer | Particle size range | (0.315~1.250 mm) ≥ 95% |
Functional group | -SO3H | Effective particle size | 0.400~0.700 mm |
Moisture content | 45.00~50.00 | Exchange capacity (mass) | ≥4.5 mmol/g |
pH range | 1–14 | Exchange capacity (volume) | ≥1.90 mmol/mL |
Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|---|
CER type | Macroporous-type | Wet apparent density | 0.72~0.80 g/mol |
Cation form | H+ | Wet true density | 1.140~1.200 g/mol |
Basic polymer | Acrylic copolymer | Particle size range | (0.315~1.250 mm) ≥ 95% |
Functional group | -COOH | Effective particle size | 0.400~0.700 mm |
Moisture content | 45.00~52.00 | Exchange capacity | ≥10.80 mmol/g |
pH range | 4–14 | Exchange capacity | ≥4.40 mmol/mL |
ACE | Chao1 | Shannon | Simpson | |
---|---|---|---|---|
SS-CER-1 | 861.00 ± 38.11 | 861.00 ± 41.36 | 5.47 ± 0.13 | 0.014 ± 0.0028 |
LS-CER-1 | 1015.77 ± 43.12 | 1014.09 ± 52.86 | 5.41 ± 0.37 | 0.015 ± 0.0042 |
S-EG-1 | 1464.00 ± 46.39 | 1464.00 ± 58.77 | 5.36 ± 0.22 | 0.019 ± 0.0042 |
L-EG-1 | 1690.44 ± 44.45 | 1662.88 ± 44.26 | 5.16 ± 0.14 | 0.037 ± 0.0099 |
SS-CER-2 | 1513.00 ± 51.48 | 1492.88 ± 38.48 | 5.75 ± 0.45 | 0.010 ± 0.0028 |
LS-CER-2 | 538.56 ± 35.90 | 534.96 ± 31.80 | 3.67 ± 0.09 | 0.090 ± 0.042 |
S-EG-2 | 1672.04 ± 65.74 | 1636.21 ± 46.50 | 5.24 ± 0.42 | 0.022 ± 0.0056 |
L-EG-2 | 1664.15 ± 56.08 | 1646.19 ± 49.16 | 5.62 ± 0.51 | 0.014 ± 0.0057 |
ACE | Chao1 | Shannon | Simpson | |
---|---|---|---|---|
LS-CER-1 | 102.31 ± 17.41 | 102.00 ± 14.14 | 2.33 ± 0.47 | 0.20 ± 0.028 |
LS-CER-2 | 173.05 ± 18.46 | 171.65 ± 7.99 | 2.48 ± 0.49 | 0.27 ± 0.042 |
L-EG-1 | 205.00 ± 35.35 | 205.00 ± 26.7 | 2.62 ± 0.31 | 0.21 ± 0.057 |
L-EG-2 | 224.06 ± 34.03 | 222.50 ± 27.58 | 3.09 ± 0.41 | 0.11 ± 0.028 |
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Geng, H.; Xu, Y.; Liu, R.; Yang, D.; Dai, X. Potential of Cation Exchange Resin as a Carrier for Anaerobic Consortia in Biohydrogen Fermentation. Fermentation 2024, 10, 391. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080391
Geng H, Xu Y, Liu R, Yang D, Dai X. Potential of Cation Exchange Resin as a Carrier for Anaerobic Consortia in Biohydrogen Fermentation. Fermentation. 2024; 10(8):391. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080391
Chicago/Turabian StyleGeng, Hui, Ying Xu, Rui Liu, Dianhai Yang, and Xiaohu Dai. 2024. "Potential of Cation Exchange Resin as a Carrier for Anaerobic Consortia in Biohydrogen Fermentation" Fermentation 10, no. 8: 391. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080391