Biosynthesised Silver Nanoparticles Loading onto Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Antibacterial and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Formation of Ag NPs
2.2. Synthesis of Ag-Decorated BCP
2.3. Instrumentation
2.4. Measurement of Porosity
2.5. In-Vitro Bioactivity and Biodegradation Studies
2.6. Studies of Drug Loading and Release
2.7. Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity
2.8. In Vitro Cell Viability Assay
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Physicochemical Analysis
3.2. Studies of Bioactivity, Biodegradation, and Drug Release
3.3. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Cytocompatibility Studies
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vibrational Frequency (cm−1) | Band Assignment | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
HAP | β-TCP | BCP | Ag-BCP | |
3572, 630 | -OH group | -OH group | -OH group | -OH group |
2920 | - | - | - | Glucose-assisted Ag NPs (C-H) stretching |
1032, 1098, 1133 | Asymmetric stretching vibrations of the P–O bonds | 1133 is absent | Asymmetric stretching of the P–O bonds | Asymmetric stretching of the P–O bonds |
1037 | - | PO43− ions found in β-TCP | PO43− ions found in β-TCP | PO43− ions found in β-TCP |
926 | Symmetric stretching (υ1) of P–O bond from PO43− group | - | Symmetric stretching (υ1) of P–O bond of PO43− group | Symmetric stretching (υ1) of P–O bond of PO43− group |
960 | - | Symmetric stretching (υ1) of P–O bond of PO43− group | Symmetric stretching (υ1) of P–O bond of PO43− group | Symmetric stretching (υ1) of P–O bond of PO43− group |
730 | Owing to H2O | - | - | Owing to H2O |
631 | Liberational OH group | Liberational OH group | Liberational OH group | Liberational OH group |
602, 560 | Phosphate bands (υ4) | Vibrational bands of PO43− | Phosphate bands (υ4) | Phosphate bands (υ4) |
498, 452 | Phosphate bands (υ2) | Phosphate bands (υ2) | Phosphate bands (υ2) | Phosphate bands (υ2) |
Frequency of Vibration (cm−1) | Band Assignments | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
HAP | β-TCP | BCP | Ag-BCP | |
1364 | - | - | - | Gluconic acid |
1056 1090 | Asymmetric stretching vibrations (υ3) of PO4−3 | Asymmetric stretching vibrations (υ3) of PO4−3 | Asymmetric stretching vibrations (υ3) of PO4−3 | Asymmetric stretching vibrations (υ3) of PO4−3 |
966 | Symmetric stretching vibrations (υ1) of PO4−3 group | - | Symmetric stretching vibrations (υ1) of PO4−3 group | Symmetric stretching vibrations (υ1) of PO4−3 group |
964, 948 | - | Internal vibrations of β-TCP in BCP | Internal vibrations of β-TCP in BCP | Internal vibrations of β-TCP in BCP |
432, 445 | Symmetrical bending (υ2) | Symmetrical bending (υ2) | Symmetrical bending (υ2) | Symmetrical bending (υ2) |
572, 598 | Asymmetric bending (υ4) vibrations of PO4−3 | Asymmetric bending (υ4) vibrations of PO4−3 | Asymmetric bending (υ4) vibrations of PO4−3 | Asymmetric bending (υ4) vibrations of PO4−3 |
Microorganism | Zone of Inhibition (mm) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ag-BCP | HAP | β-TCP | BCP | DMSO | Std (20 µL) | |
E. coli | 8 ± 1.15 | - | - | - | - | 11 ± 1.75 |
S. aureus | 10 ± 2.2 | - | - | - | - | 17 ± 1.2 |
C. albicans | 10 ± 1.5 | - | - | - | - | 12 ± 1.0 |
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Padmanabhan, V.P.; Sivashanmugam, P.; Kulandaivelu, R.; Sagadevan, S.; Sridevi, B.; Govindasamy, R.; Thiruvengadam, M. Biosynthesised Silver Nanoparticles Loading onto Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Antibacterial and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. Antibiotics 2022, 11, 1780. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121780
Padmanabhan VP, Sivashanmugam P, Kulandaivelu R, Sagadevan S, Sridevi B, Govindasamy R, Thiruvengadam M. Biosynthesised Silver Nanoparticles Loading onto Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Antibacterial and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. Antibiotics. 2022; 11(12):1780. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121780
Chicago/Turabian StylePadmanabhan, Varun Prasath, Pugalmani Sivashanmugam, Ravichandran Kulandaivelu, Suresh Sagadevan, Balu Sridevi, Rajakumar Govindasamy, and Muthu Thiruvengadam. 2022. "Biosynthesised Silver Nanoparticles Loading onto Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Antibacterial and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications" Antibiotics 11, no. 12: 1780. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121780