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GRB 020410: A Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow Discovered by Its Supernova Light*

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© 2005. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
, , Citation Andrew Levan et al 2005 ApJ 624 880 DOI 10.1086/428657

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Author affiliations

1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK

2 Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218

3 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720

4 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019

5 Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Apartado de Correos, 3.004, E-18.080 Granada, Spain

6 Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064

7 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, National Space Science and Technology Center (NSSTC), SD-50, 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805

8 Ioffe Physico-TechniInstitute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia

9 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

10 Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556

11 Swift Science Center, Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 660, 1, Greenbelt, MD 20771-0003

12 Universities Space Research Association, 10211 Wincopin Circle, Suite 500, Columbia, MD 21044-3432

13 Niels Bohr Institute, Astronomical Observatory, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

14 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany

15 Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

16 Department of Physical Science, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK

17 Astronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam, Kruislann 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands

Dates

  1. Received 2004 March 18
  2. Accepted 2004 December 31
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0004-637X/624/2/880

Abstract

We present the discovery and monitoring of the optical transient (OT) associated with GRB 020410. The fading OT was found by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations taken 28 and 65 days after burst at a position consistent with the X-ray afterglow, making this the first time that the optical afterglow of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) has been discovered by an orbiting observatory. Subsequent reexamination of early ground-based observations revealed that a faint OT was present 6 hr after burst, confirming the source association with GRB 020410. A deep nondetection after one week requires that the OT rebrightened between day 7 and day 28, and further late-time HST data taken approximately 100 days after burst imply that it is very red (Fν ∝ ν-2.7). We compare both the flux and color of the excess with supernova models and show that the data are best explained by the presence of a Type Ib/c supernova at a redshift z ≈ 0.5, which occurred roughly coincident with the day of the GRB.

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Footnotes

  • * 

    Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with programs 9074 and 9405. Based partly on observations obtained at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) under program 165.H-0464.

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10.1086/428657