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- The Paramahamsa Parivrajaka Upanishad (IAST: Sanskrit: परमहम्स परिव्रजक उपनिस्हद्), is a medieval era Sanskrit text and a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. It is one of the 31 Upanishads attached to the Atharvaveda, and classified as one of the 19 Sannyasa Upanishads. The text is one of the late additions to the Hindu corpus of Upanishads, dated to the 2nd millennium of the common era, and was probably composed in the 14th or 15th century CE. The text is notable for mentioning Sannyasa in the context of Varna (classes), and describing ascetics (Hamsas) as wandering birds picking up food wherever they can find it, Paramahamsas (highest ascetics) begging and accepting food and water from all four castes without discrimination, a description similar to one found in Ashrama Upanishad. The text is also notable for the details it provides about the medieval tradition of renunciation in South Asia, and asserting that wandering Hindu mendicant after renunciation is ethical, dedicated to the study of Vedanta, and established in the path of Brahman. In the Telugu anthology of 108 Upanishads of the Muktika canon, narrated by Rama to Hanuman, this Upanishad is listed at number 66. The text is also known as Paramahamsaparivrajaka Upanishad and Paramahamsaparivrajakopnishad. (en)
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- Brahma and Adi Narayana (en)
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- The text discusses renunciation and the life of wandering ascetic (en)
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- Wandering supreme swan (en)
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- Paramahamsa Parivrajaka (en)
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- Sannyasi ethics
He is truthful. He is celibate. He is non-possessive. He is non-violent.
He forsakes anger, greed, delusion, conceit, deceit and arrogance.
He forsakes indignation, pride, impatience, hate, selfishness and the like. (en)
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- — Paramahamsa Parivrajaka Upanishad Chapter 4 (en)
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- The Paramahamsa Parivrajaka Upanishad (IAST: Sanskrit: परमहम्स परिव्रजक उपनिस्हद्), is a medieval era Sanskrit text and a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. It is one of the 31 Upanishads attached to the Atharvaveda, and classified as one of the 19 Sannyasa Upanishads. The text is one of the late additions to the Hindu corpus of Upanishads, dated to the 2nd millennium of the common era, and was probably composed in the 14th or 15th century CE. (en)
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- Paramahamsa Parivrajaka Upanishad (en)
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