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Performance of the Large Hadron Collider's Cryogenic Bypass Diodes Over the First Two Physics Runs, Future Projects, and Perspectives
/ D'Angelo, Giorgio (CERN) ; Charifoulline, Zinour (CERN) ; Denz, Reiner (CERN) ; Favre, Mathieu (CERN) ; Hagedorn, Dietrich (CERN) ; Monteuuis, Arnaud (CERN) ; Rodriguez-Mateos, Felix (CERN) ; Siemko, Andrzej (CERN) ; Stachon, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Verweij, Arjan (CERN) et al.
Cryogenic bypass diodes have been installed in all superconducting dipole magnets (1232) and quadrupole magnets (392) of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, and operated during the physics runs since 2009. The bypass diodes are a fundamental ingredient of the quench protection system for those main dipoles and quadrupoles magnets. [...]
2020 - 4 p.
- Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 30 (2020) 4002404
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2.
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Characterisation of the radiation hardness of cryogenic bypass diodes for the HL-LHC inner triplet quadrupole circuit
/ Wollmann, Daniel (CERN) ; Bernhard, Axel (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Cangialosi, Chiara (CERN) ; Cerutti, Francesco (CERN) ; D'Angelo, Giorgio (CERN) ; Danzeca, Salvatore (CERN) ; Denz, Reiner (CERN) ; Favre, Mathieu (CERN) ; Garcia Alia, Ruben (CERN) ; Hagedorn, Dietrich (CERN) et al.
The powering layout of the new HL-LHC Nb$_3$Sn triplet circuits is the use of cryogenic bypass diodes, where the diodes are located inside an extension to the magnet cryostat, operated in superfluid helium and exposed to radiation. Therefore, the radiation hardness of different type of bypass diodes has been tested at low temperatures in CERN’s CHARM irradiation facility during the operational year 2018. [...]
CERN-ACC-2019-265.-
2019 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPTS067
Fulltext from publisher: PDF;
In : 10th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 19 - 24 May 2019, pp.THPTS067
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3.
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Experimental Setup to Characterize the Radiation Hardness of Cryogenic Bypass Diodes for the HL-LHC Inner Triplet Circuits
/ Will, Andreas (CERN ; KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Bernhard, Axel (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; D'Angelo, Giorgio (CERN) ; Denz, Reiner (CERN) ; Favre, Mathieu (CERN) ; Hagedorn, Dietrich (CERN) ; Kirby, Glyn (CERN) ; Kistrup, Lucas (Unlisted, DK) ; Koettig, Torsten (CERN) ; Monteuuis, Arnaud (CERN) et al.
For the high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), it is planned to replace the existing triplet quadrupole magnets with Nb₃Sn quadrupole magnets, which provide a comparable integrated field gradient with a significantly increased aperture. These magnets will be powered through a novel superconducting link based on MgB₂ cables. [...]
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMG006
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.WEPMG006
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4.
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5.
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Development and testing of high field, high current density solenoids and magnets, wound with stabilized filamentary Nb/sub 3/Sn cable and reacted after winding
/ Asner, Alfred M ; Becquet, C ; Hagedorn, Dietrich ; Niqueletto, Christian ; Thomi, W
The development and testing of a 2.6 cm inner diameter, high field and high current density solenoid, wound with a Cu-stabilized, fine filamentary Nb/sub 3/Sn cable, and reacted after winding, is described. At an overall current density in the winding of 352 A/mm /sup 2/, corresponding to the current density of 565 A/mm/sup 2/ in the non-insulated cable, a maximum field of B/sub m/=8.8 T had been obtained without any training. [...]
1981
- Published in : IEEE Trans. Magn. -17 (1981) 416-19
In : Applied Superconductivity Conference, Santa Fe, NM, USA, 29 Sep - 2 Oct 1980, pp.416-19
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6.
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Radiation Resistance and Life Time Estimates at Cryogenic Temperatures of Series produced By-pass Diodes for the LHC Magnet Protection
/ Denz, R ; Gharib, A ; Hagedorn, Dietrich
For the protection of the LHC superconducting magnets about 2100 specially developed by-pass diodes have been manufactured in industry and more than one thousand of these diodes have been mounted into stacks and tested in liquid helium. By-pass diode samples, taken from the series production, have been submitted to irradiation tests at cryogenic temperatures together with some prototype diodes up to an accumulated dose of about 2 kGy and neutron fluences up to about 3.0 1013 n cm-2 with and without intermediate warm up to 300 K. [...]
LHC-Project-Report-688; CERN-LHC-Project-Report-688.-
Geneva : CERN, 2004 - 9 p.
- Published in : AIP Conf. Proc. 711 (2004) 763-770
Access to fulltext document: PDF;
In : 2003 International Cryogenic Materials Conference, Anchorage, AK, USA, 22 - 26 Sep 2003, pp.763-770
- Please contact the library if you need to access this document.
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7.
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Cryogenic Testing of High Current By-pass Diode Stacks for the Protection of the Superconducting Magnets in the LHC
/ Brown, D ; Della Corte, A ; Fiamozzi-Zignani, C ; Gharib, A ; Hagedorn, Dietrich ; Rout, C ; Turtu, S
For the protection of the LHC superconducting magnets, about 2100 specially developed by-pass diodes were manufactured by DYNEX SEMICONDUCTOR LTD (Lincoln, GB) and about 1300 of these diodes were mounted into diode stacks and submitted to tests at cryogenic temperatures. To date about 800 dipole diode stacks and about 250 quadrupole diode stacks for the protection of the superconducting lattice dipole and lattice quadrupole magnets have been assembled at OCEM (Bologna,Italy) and successfully tested in liquid helium at ENEA (Frascati, Italy). [...]
LHC-Project-Report-686; CERN-LHC-Project-Report-686.-
Geneva : CERN, 2004 - 9 p.
- Published in : AIP Conf. Proc. 711 (2004) 755-762
Access to fulltext document: PDF;
In : 2003 International Cryogenic Materials Conference, Anchorage, AK, USA, 22 - 26 Sep 2003, pp.755-762
- Please contact the library if you need to access this document.
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8.
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Cryogenic testing of by-pass diode stacks for the superconducting magnets of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN
/ Della Corte, A ; Gharib, A ; Hagedorn, Dietrich ; Turtu, S ; Basile, G L ; Catitti, A ; Chiarelli, S ; Di Ferdinando, E ; Taddia, G ; Talli, M et al.
A dedicated facility prepared by ENEA (Italian Agency for Energy and Environment) for the cryogenic testing of by-pass diodes for the protection of the CERN Large Hadron Collider main magnets will be described. This experimental activity is in the frame of a contract awarded to OCEM, an Italian firm active in the field of electronic devices and power supplies, in collaboration with ENEA, for the manufacture and testing of all the diode stacks. [...]
2002
- Published in : AIP Conf. Proc. 613 (2002) 131-138
In : Cryogenic Engineering Conference, Madison, WI, USA, 16 - 20 Jul 2001, pp.131-138
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9.
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Inductive method to measure very small joint resistances of superconducting wires
/ Herzog, R ; Hagedorn, Dietrich
In the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is currently being developed at CERN, about 50,000 connections of superconducting wire will be necessary to implement all circuits for powering 6000 corrector magnets with a maximum current of 600 A. To minimise the generation of ohmic heat in the cryogenic system, it is necessary to reduce the contact resistance of these connections as much as possible. [...]
Geneva : CERN, 1998
In : 17th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference, Bournemouth, UK, 14 - 17 Jul 1998, pp.495-8
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10.
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The Protection System for the Superconducting Elements of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN
/ Dahlerup-Petersen, K ; Denz, R ; Gómez-Costa, J L ; Hagedorn, Dietrich ; Proudlock, Paul ; Rodríguez-Mateos, F ; Schmidt, R ; Sonnemann, F
The protection system for the superconducting elements of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [1] at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), and its associated equipment are presented: quench detectors, cold diodes, quench heaters and related power supplies, extraction resistors and associated current breakers. Features such as radiation resistance, redundancy and required reliability are discussed..
LHC-Project-Report-283; CERN-LHC-Project-Report-283.-
Geneva : CERN, 1999 - 4 p.
Fulltext: PDF; IEEE Published version, local copy: PDF;
In : 18th Biennial Particle Accelerator Conference, New York, NY, USA, 29 Mar - 2 Apr 1999, pp.e-proc. 3200
- Please contact the library if you need to access this document.
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