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Performance and luminosity models for heavy-ion operation at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
/ Bruce, R. (CERN) ; Jebramcik, M.A. (CERN ; DESY) ; Jowett, J.M. (CERN ; Darmstadt, GSI) ; Mertens, T. (Helmholtz-Zentrum, Berlin) ; Schaumann, M. (CERN)
A good understanding of the luminosity performance in a collider, as well as reliable tools to analyse, predict, and optimise the performance, are of great importance for the successful planning and execution of future runs. In this article, we present two different models for the evolution of the beam parameters and the luminosity in heavy-ion colliders. [...]
arXiv:2107.09560.-
2021-07-12 - 24 p.
- Published in : Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136 (2021) 745
Fulltext: 2107.09560 - PDF; document - PDF;
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2.
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ebook
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3.
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Bound-free pair production from nuclear collisions and the steady-state quench limit of the main dipole magnets of the CERN Large Hadron Collider
/ Schaumann, Michaela (CERN) ; Jowett, John M. (CERN) ; Bahamonde Castro, Cristina (CERN) ; Bruce, Roderik (CERN) ; Lechner, Anton (CERN) ; Mertens, Tom (CERN)
During its Run 2 (2015-2018), the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) operated at almost twice higher energy, and provided Pb-Pb collisions with an order of magnitude higher luminosity, than in the previous Run 1. In consequence, the power of the secondary beams emitted from the interaction points by the bound-free pair production (BFPP) process increased by a factor ~20, while the propensity of the bending magnets to quench increased with the higher magnetic field. [...]
arXiv:2008.05312.-
2020-12-18 - 16 p.
- Published in : Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 23 (2020) 121003
Fulltext: PDF; Fulltext from publisher: PDF;
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4.
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First Xenon-Xenon Collisions in the LHC
/ Schaumann, Michaela (CERN) ; Alemany-Fernández, Reyes (CERN) ; Baudrenghien, Philippe (CERN) ; Bohl, Thomas (CERN) ; Bracco, Chiara (CERN) ; Bruce, Roderik (CERN) ; Fuster-Martínez, Nuria (CERN) ; Jebramcik, Marc (CERN) ; Jowett, John (CERN) ; Mertens, Tom (CERN) et al.
In 2017, the CERN accelerator complex once again demonstrated its flexibility by producing beams of a new ion species, xenon, that were successfully injected into LHC. On 12 October, collisions of fully stripped xenon nuclei were recorded for the first time in the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy per colliding nucleon pair of 5.44 TeV. [...]
CERN-ACC-2018-126.-
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF039
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.MOPMF039
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5.
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The 2016 Proton-Nucleus Run of the LHC
/ Jowett, John (CERN) ; Alemany-Fernández, Reyes (CERN) ; Baud, Guillaume (CERN) ; Baudrenghien, Philippe (CERN) ; De Maria, Riccardo (CERN ; CERN) ; Jacquet, Delphine (CERN) ; Jebramcik, Marc (CERN) ; Mereghetti, Alessio (CERN) ; Mertens, Tom (CERN) ; Schaumann, Michaela (CERN) et al.
For five of the LHC experiments the second p-Pb collision run planned in 2016 offered the opportunity to answer a range of important physics questions arising from the surprise discoveries (e.g., flow-like collective phenomena in small systems) made in earlier Pb-Pb, p-Pb and p-p runs. However the diversity of the physics and their respective capabilities led them to request very different operating conditions, in terms of collision energy, luminosity and pile-up. [...]
CERN-ACC-2017-143.-
2017 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA014
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 14 - 19 May 2017, pp.TUPVA014
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6.
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Lifetime of Asymmetric Colliding Beams in the LHC
/ Jowett, John (CERN) ; Alemany-Fernández, Reyes (CERN) ; Jebramcik, Marc (CERN) ; Mertens, Tom (CERN) ; Schaumann, Michaela (CERN)
In the 2013 proton-nucleus (p-Pb) run of the LHC, the lifetime of the lead beam was significantly shorter than could be accounted for by luminosity burn-off. These effects were observed at a lower level in 2016 and studied in more detail. [...]
CERN-ACC-2017-144.-
2017 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA013
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 14 - 19 May 2017, pp.TUPVA013
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7.
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Performance of the CERN Injector Complex and Transmission Studies into the LHC during the Second Proton-Lead Run
/ Alemany-Fernández, Reyes (CERN) ; Albright, Simon (CERN) ; Angoletta, Maria Elena (CERN) ; Axensalva, Jerome (CERN) ; Bartmann, Wolfgang (CERN) ; Bartosik, Hannes (CERN) ; Baudrenghien, Philippe (CERN) ; Bellodi, Giulia (CERN) ; Blas, Alfred (CERN) ; Bohl, Thomas (CERN) et al.
The LHC performance during the proton-lead run in 2016 fully relied on a permanent monitoring and systematic improvement of the beam quality in all the injectors. The beam production and characteristics are explained in this paper, together with the improvements realized during the run from the source up to the flat top of the LHC [...]
CERN-ACC-2017-155.-
2017 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA128
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 14 - 19 May 2017, pp.TUPVA128
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8.
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Electromagnetism in a Multiconnected Universe
/ Mertens, Tom (CERN) ; Weeks, Jeff
Our raw intuition tells us that the topology of the universe shouldn′t affect the behavior of a current-carrying wire, but when the wire wraps all the way around a multiconnected space, our intuition is wrong. While an infinitely long perfectly conducting wire in Euclidean space may carry a constant current, a simple application of the Ampère–Maxwell circuital law shows that the analogous wire in a 3-torus may not. [...]
2016 - 6 p.
- Published in : Am. Math. Monthly 123 (2016) 280-286
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Bound-Free Pair Production in LHC Pb-Pb Operation at 6.37 Z TeV per Beam
/ Jowett, John (CERN) ; Auchmann, Bernhard (CERN) ; Bahamonde Castro, Cristina (CERN) ; Kalliokoski, Matti (CERN) ; Lechner, Anton (CERN) ; Mertens, Tom (CERN) ; Schaumann, Michaela (CERN) ; Xu, Chen (CERN)
In the 2015 Pb-Pb collision run of the LHC, the power of the secondary beams emitted from the interaction point by the bound-free pair production process reached new levels while the propensity of the bending magnets to quench is higher at the new magnetic field levels. This beam power is about 70 times greater than that contained in the luminosity debris and is focussed on a specific location. [...]
CERN-ACC-2016-245.-
2016 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMW028
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 7th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Busan, Korea, 8 - 13 May 2016, pp.TUPMW028
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