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Chapter 23: The HL-LHC Technical Infrastructure
/ Tavian, L (CERN)
The upgrade in luminosity of the LHC requires large and new technical infrastructures like civil engineering, electrical distribution, cooling, ventilation, access system, alarm system, transport, and operational safety system. This chapter describes the new technical infrastructure including layout, performance requirements and architecture as well as the main technical challenges..
2024 - 17 p.
- Published in : Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys. 31 (2024) 501-517
Fulltext: PDF;
In : The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, pp.501-517
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LHC Upgrades in preparation of Run 3
/ Arduini, G (CERN) ; Baglin, V (CERN) ; Bartosik, H (CERN) ; Bottura, L (CERN) ; Bracco, C (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Bregliozzi, G (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Bruce, R (CERN) ; Calviani, M (CERN) et al.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown 2(2019–2021), following LHC Run 2, was primarily dedicated to theupgrade of the LHC Injectors but it included also a significantamount of activities aimed at consolidation of the LHC machinecomponents, removal of known limitations and initial upgrades inview of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) to favour the intensityramp-up during Run 3 (2022–2025). An overview of the majormodifications to the accelerator and its systems is followed by asummary of the results of the superconducting magnet trainingcampaign to increase the LHC operation energy beyond the maximumvalue of 6.5 TeV reached during Run 2. [...]
2024 - 138 p.
- Published in : JINST 19 (2024) P05061
Fulltext: PDF;
In : The Large Hadron Collider and The Experiments for Run 3, pp.P05061
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Project management structures, processes, and tools for the HL-LHC project
/ Vandoni, Giovanna (CERN) ; Brüning, Oliver (CERN) ; Di Girolamo, Beniamino (CERN) ; Fessia, Paolo (CERN) ; Garcia Gavela, Hector (CERN) ; Jensen, Lars (CERN) ; Modena, Michele (CERN) ; Noels, Cecile (CERN) ; Tavian, Laurent (CERN) ; Zerlauth, Markus (CERN)
At its restart after a major shutdown in 2029, the LHC will see its interaction regions upgraded by the installation of the HL-LHC equipment, with new Nb3Sn triplets and cold powering system, crab-cavities for crossing angle compensation and luminosity levelling, an upgraded collimation system, and fully remote alignment for the final focusing region. In the following operational runs, the LHC will aim at a tenfold increase of the integrated luminosity compared to the original design. [...]
2023 - 4 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2023 (2023) TUPA154
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2023), Venice, Italy, 7 - 12 May 2023, pp.TUPA154
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The HL-LHC Project Gets Ready for Its Deployment
/ Zerlauth, Markus (CERN) ; Brüning, Oliver (CERN) ; Di Girolamo, Beniamino (CERN) ; Fessia, Paolo (CERN) ; Gaignant, Christelle (CERN) ; Garcia Gavela, Hector (CERN) ; Maclean, Ewen (CERN) ; Modena, Michele (CERN) ; Otto, Thomas (CERN) ; Tavian, Laurent (CERN) et al.
Following the successful completion of the second long shutdown (LS2), the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is preparing for its final operational run before the majority of the High Luminosity Upgrade (HL-LHC) will be installed during the third Long Shutdown starting in 2026. The HL-LHC upgrade will enable a further tenfold increase in integrated luminosity delivered to the ATLAS and CMS experiments, starting by an upgrade of the machine protection, collimation and shielding systems in LS2, and followed by the deployment of novel key technologies, including Nb₃Sn based insertion region magnets, cold powering by MgB₂ superconducting links and integration of Nb crab-cavities to compensate the effects of a larger crossing angle. [...]
2022 - 4 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2022 (2022) 50-53
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2022), Bangkok, Thailand, 12 - 17 Jun 2022, pp.50-53
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Origin and Mitigation of the Beam-Induced Surface Modifications of the LHC Beam Screens
/ Petit, Valentine (CERN) ; Chiggiato, Paolo (CERN) ; Himmerlich, Marcel (CERN) ; Marinoni, Stefano (CERN) ; Neupert, Holger (CERN) ; Taborelli, Mauro (CERN) ; Tavian, Laurent (CERN)
All over Run 2, the LHC beam-induced heat load on the cryogenic system exhibited a wide scattering along the ring. Studies ascribed the heat source to electron cloud build-up, indicating an unexpected high Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of the beam screen surface in some LHC regions. [...]
2022 - 3 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2022 (2022) 780-782
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2022), Bangkok, Thailand, 12 - 17 Jun 2022, pp.780-782
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Beam induced heat load instrumentation installed in LHC during the Long Shutdown 2
/ Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Casas-Cubillos, J (CERN) ; Delikaris, D (CERN) ; Deschamps, J B (CERN) ; Le Naour, S (CERN) ; Pezzetti, M (CERN) ; Tavian, L (CERN) ; Tovar, A (CERN) ; Sisti, M (CERN) et al.
During the second run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) between 2015 and 2018, significant beam induced heat loads have been observed on the beam screens circuits impacting the cryogenic system capacity, mainly due to the electron clouds generated by the beams. To validate these measurements and to obtain precise heat load assessments and comparison with preliminary calculations based on existing hardware equipment at selected locations, it was decided to add new cryogenic instrumentation around the machine. [...]
2022 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1240 (2022) 012043
Fulltext: PDF;
In : Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference, Online, 19 - 23 Jul 2021, pp.012043
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Progress in Mastering Electron Clouds at the Large Hadron Collider
/ Iadarola, Giovanni (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Mether, Lotta (CERN) ; Paraschou, Konstantinos (CERN) ; Petit, Valentine (CERN) ; Rumolo, Giovanni (CERN) ; Sabato, Luca (CERN) ; Skripka, Galina (CERN) ; Taborelli, Mauro (CERN) ; Tavian, Laurent (CERN)
During the second operational run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) a bunch spacing of 25 ns was used for the first time for luminosity production. With such a spacing, electron cloud effects are much more severe than with the 50-ns spacing, which had been used in the previous run. [...]
JACoW, 2021 - 6 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2021 (2021) 1273-1278
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2021), Online, 24 - 28 May 2021, pp.1273-1278
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Chapter 17: Technical infrastructure
/ Tavian, L (CERN) ; Battistin, M (CERN) ; Bertolasi, S (CERN) ; Bertone, C (CERN) ; Di Girolamo, B (CERN) ; Dos Santos, N (CERN) ; Foraz, K (CERN) ; Hakulinen, T (CERN) ; Mattelaer, P (CERN) ; Muffat, P (CERN) et al.
The HL-LHC technical infrastructure includes the civil engineering, the electrical distribution, the cooling & ventilation, the access & alarm system, the technical monitoring, the transport, the logistics, the storage, and the operational safety..
2020 - 28 p.
- Published in : 10.23731/CYRM-2020-0010.295
Fulltext: PDF;
In : High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC): Technical design report, pp.295-322
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Electron Cloud and Heat Loads in Run 2
/ Iadarola, G (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Dijkstall, P (CERN) ; Mether, L (CERN) ; Romano, A (CERN) ; Rumolo, G (CERN) ; Skripka, G (CERN) ; Tavian, L (CERN)
During Run 2, the 25 ns bunch spacing was routinely used for proton physics
operation at the LHC. With this bunch spacing, electron cloud effects are
significantly more severe than with the 50 ns spacing, which had been used for
luminosity production in Run 1. [...]
Geneva, Switzerland : , 2019 - 12 p.
- Published in : , pp. 221-232
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th LHC Operations Evian Workshop, Evian Les Bains, France, 30 Jan - 1 Feb 2019, pp.221-232
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