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Title	Gas desorption and electron emission from 1 MeV potassium ion bombardment of stainless steel
Author(s)	Molvik, Arthur W (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore) ; Covo, Michel Kireeff (LBNL Berkeley) ; Bieniosek, Frank M (LBNL Berkeley) ; Prost, Lionel (LBNL Berkeley) ; Seidl, P (LBNL Berkeley) ; Baca, David (LBNL Berkeley) ; Coorey, Adam (LBNL Berkeley) ; Sakumi, Akira (CERN)
Publication	2004
In:	Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 7 (2004) 093202
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.7.093202
Subject category	Nuclear Physics
Abstract	Gas desorption and electron emission coefficients were measured for 1 MeV potassium ions incident on stainless steel at grazing angles (between 80° and 88° from normal incidence) using a new gas-electron source diagnostic (GESD). Issues addressed in design and commissioning of the GESD include effects from backscattering of ions at the surface, space-charge limited emission current, and reproducibility of desorption measurements. We find that electron emission coefficients e scale as 1/ cos() up to angles of 86°, where e = 90. Nearer grazing incidence, e is reduced below the 1/ cos() scaling by nuclear scattering of ions through large angles, reaching e = 135 at 88°. Electrons were emitted with a measured temperature of  30 eV. Gas desorption coefficients 0 were much larger, of order 0 = 104. They also varied with angle, but much more slowly than 1/ cos(). From this we conclude that the desorption was not entirely from adsorbed layers of gas on the surface. Two mitigation techniques were investigated: rough surfaces reduced electron emission by a factor of 10 and gas desorption by a factor of 2; a mild bake to  220° had no effect on electron emission, but decreased gas desorption by 15% near grazing incidence. We propose that gas desorption is due to electronic sputtering.
Copyright/License	Publication: (License: CC-BY-3.0)

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