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| Article | |
| Title | Aging studies for the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) |
| Author(s) | Åkesson, T ; Barberio, E ; Bondarenko, V ; Capéans-Garrido, M ; Catinaccio, A ; Cwetanski, Peter ; Danielsson, H ; Dittus, F ; Dolgoshein, B A ; Dressnandt, N ; Ebenstein, W L ; Eerola, Paule Anna Mari ; Farthouat, Philippe ; Fedin, O ; Froidevaux, D ; Gavrilenko, I ; Grichkevitch, Y ; Gagnon, P ; Hajduk, Z ; Keener, P T ; Kekelidze, G D ; Konovalov, S ; Kowalski, T ; Kramarenko, V A ; Laritchev, A ; Lichard, P ; Lundberg, B ; Luehring, F C ; Markina, I ; Manara, A ; McFarlane, K ; Mitsou, V ; Muraviev, S ; Newcomer, F M ; Ogren, H ; Oh, S H ; Olszowska, J ; Peshekhonov, V D ; Rembser, C ; Romaniouk, A ; Rhone, O ; Rust, D R ; Shchegelskii, V ; Shmeleva, A ; Smirnov, S ; Smirnova, L N ; Sosnovtsev, V V ; Sutchkov, S ; Tartarelli, F ; Tikhomirov, V ; Van Berg, R ; Vassilieva, L ; Wang, C ; Williams, H H |
| Affiliation | (CERN) |
| Publication | 2003 |
| In: | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., A 515 (2003) 166-179 |
| In: | International Workshop on Aging Phenomena in Gaseous Detectors, DESY, Hamburg, Germany, 2 - 5 Oct 2001, pp.166-179 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.nima.2003.08.145 |
| Subject category | Detectors and Experimental Techniques |
| Accelerator/Facility, Experiment | CERN LHC ; ATLAS |
| Abstract | A summary of the aging and material validation studies carried out for the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) is presented. Particular emphasis is put on the different phenomena observed in straw tubes operating with the chosen Xe/CF//4/CO//2 mixture. The most serious effects observed are silicon deposition on the anode wire and damage of the anode wire gold plating. Etching phenomena and active radical effects are also discussed. With a careful choice of all materials and components, and with good control of the water contamination in the active gas, the ATLAS TRT will operate reliably for 10 years at the LHC design luminosity. To demonstrate this fully, more work is still needed on the gas system purification elements, in particular to understand their interplay with the active species containing fluorine created in the avalanche process under irradiation. |