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Preprint
Report number arXiv:2502.10900 ; FERMILAB-PUB-25-0080
Title First Search for Dark Sector $e^+e^-$ Explanations of the MiniBooNE Anomaly at MicroBooNE
Author(s)

Abdullahi, A.M. (Madrid, IFT) ; Abratenko, P. (Tufts U. (main)) ; Aldana, D. Andrade (IIT, Chicago) ; Arellano, L. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Asaadi, J. (Texas U., Arlington (main)) ; Ashkenazi, A. (Tel Aviv U. (main)) ; Balasubramanian, S. (Fermilab) ; Baller, B. (Fermilab) ; Barnard, A. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Barr, G. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Barrow, D. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Barrow, J. (U. Minnesota, Minneapolis (main)) ; Basque, V. (Fermilab) ; Bateman, J. (Imperial Coll., London ; U. Manchester (main)) ; Rodrigues, O. Benevides (IIT, Chicago) ; Berkman, S. (Michigan State U., East Lansing (main)) ; Bhat, A. (U. Chicago (main)) ; Bhattacharya, M. (Fermilab) ; Bishai, M. (Brookhaven) ; Blake, A. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; Bogart, B. (U. Michigan, Ann Arbor) ; Bolton, T. (Kansas State U., Manhattan) ; Brunetti, M.B. (Kansas U. ; Warwick U.) ; Camilleri, L. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Caratelli, D. (UC, Santa Barbara (main)) ; Cavanna, F. (Fermilab) ; Cerati, G. (Fermilab) ; Chappell, A. (Warwick U.) ; Chen, Y. (SLAC) ; Conrad, J.M. (MIT) ; Convery, M. (SLAC) ; Cooper-Troendle, L. (U. Pittsburgh (main)) ; Crespo-Anadón, J.I. (Madrid, CIEMAT) ; Cross, R. (Warwick U.) ; Del Tutto, M. (Fermilab) ; Dennis, S.R. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Detje, P. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Diurba, R. (U. Bern (main)) ; Djurcic, Z. (Argonne) ; Duffy, K. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Dytman, S. (U. Pittsburgh (main)) ; Eberly, B. (USM, United States) ; Englezos, P. (Rutgers U., Piscataway (main)) ; Ereditato, A. (U. Chicago (main) ; Fermilab) ; Evans, J.J. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Fang, C. (UC, Santa Barbara (main)) ; Foreman, W. (IIT, Chicago ; Los Alamos) ; Fleming, B.T. (U. Chicago (main)) ; Franco, D. (U. Chicago (main)) ; Furmanski, A.P. (U. Minnesota, Minneapolis (main)) ; Gao, F. (UC, Santa Barbara (main)) ; Garcia-Gamez, D. (CAFPE, Granada) ; Gardiner, S. (Fermilab) ; Ge, G. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Gollapinni, S. (Los Alamos) ; Gramellini, E. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Green, P. (U. Oxford (main)) ; Greenlee, H. (Fermilab) ; Gu, L. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; Gu, W. (Brookhaven) ; Guenette, R. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Guzowski, P. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Hagaman, L. (U. Chicago (main)) ; Handley, M.D. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Hen, O. (MIT) ; Hilgenberg, C. (U. Minnesota, Minneapolis (main)) ; Hoefken Zink, J. (Bologna U. ; NCBJ, Warsaw) ; Horton-Smith, G.A. (Kansas State U., Manhattan) ; Hostert, M. (Harvard U. (main)) ; Hussain, A. (Kansas State U., Manhattan) ; Irwin, B. (U. Minnesota, Minneapolis (main)) ; Ismail, M.S. (U. Pittsburgh (main)) ; James, C. (Fermilab) ; Ji, X. (Nankai U.) ; Jo, J.H. (Brookhaven) ; Johnson, R.A. (Cincinnati U., RWC) ; Kalra, D. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Karagiorgi, G. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Ketchum, W. (Fermilab) ; Kirby, M. (Brookhaven) ; Kobilarcik, T. (Fermilab) ; Lane, N. (Imperial Coll., London ; U. Manchester (main)) ; Li, J.-Y. (U. Edinburgh (main)) ; Li, Y. (Brookhaven) ; Lin, K. (Rutgers U., Piscataway (main)) ; Littlejohn, B.R. (IIT, Chicago) ; Liu, L. (Fermilab) ; Louis, W.C. (Los Alamos) ; Luo, X. (UC, Santa Barbara (main)) ; Mahmud, T. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; Mariani, C. (Virginia Tech.) ; Marshall, J. (Warwick U.) ; Martinez, N. (Kansas State U., Manhattan) ; Martinez Caicedo, D.A. (South Dakota Sch. Mines Tech.) ; Martynenko, S. (Brookhaven) ; Massaro, D. (CERN ; Bologna U. ; Louvain U., CP3) ; Mastbaum, A. (Rutgers U., Piscataway (main)) ; Mawby, I. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; McConkey, N. (Queen Mary, U. of London (main)) ; Mellet, L. (Michigan State U., East Lansing (main)) ; Mendez, J. (NASA, Goddard) ; Micallef, J. (MIT ; Tufts U. (main)) ; Mogan, A. (Colorado State U., Fort Collins) ; Mohayai, T. (Indiana U., Bloomington (main)) ; Mooney, M. (Colorado State U., Fort Collins) ; Moor, A.F. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Moore, C.D. (Fermilab) ; Lepin, L. Mora (U. Manchester (main)) ; Moudgalya, M.M. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Mulleriababu, S. (U. Bern (main)) ; Naples, D. (U. Pittsburgh (main)) ; Navrer-Agasson, A. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Nayak, N. (Brookhaven) ; Nebot-Guinot, M. (U. Edinburgh (main)) ; Nguyen, C. (Rutgers U., Piscataway (main)) ; Nowak, J. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; Oza, N. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Palamara, O. (Fermilab) ; Pallat, N. (U. Minnesota, Minneapolis (main)) ; Paolone, V. (U. Pittsburgh (main)) ; Papadopoulou, A. (Argonne) ; Papavassiliou, V. (NMSU, Las Cruces) ; Pascoli, S. (Bologna U. ; INFN, Bologna) ; Parkinson, H.B. (U. Edinburgh (main)) ; Pate, S.F. (NMSU, Las Cruces) ; Patel, N. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; Pavlovic, Z. (Fermilab) ; Piasetzky, E. (Tel Aviv U. (main)) ; Pletcher, K. (Michigan State U., East Lansing (main)) ; Pophale, I. (Lancaster U. (main)) ; Qian, X. (Brookhaven) ; Raaf, J.L. (Fermilab) ; Radeka, V. (Brookhaven) ; Rafique, A. (Argonne) ; Reggiani-Guzzo, M. (U. Edinburgh (main)) ; Rodriguez Rondon, J. (South Dakota Sch. Mines Tech.) ; Rosenberg, M. (Tufts U. (main)) ; Ross-Lonergan, M. (Los Alamos) ; Safa, I. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Schmitz, D.W. (U. Chicago (main)) ; Schukraft, A. (Fermilab) ; Seligman, W. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Shaevitz, M.H. (Columbia U. (main)) ; Sharankova, R. (Fermilab) ; Shi, J. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Snider, E.L. (Fermilab) ; Soderberg, M. (Syracuse U. (main)) ; Söldner-Rembold, S. (Imperial Coll., London) ; Spitz, J. (U. Michigan, Ann Arbor) ; Stancari, M. (Fermilab) ; St. John, J. (Fermilab) ; Strauss, T. (Fermilab) ; Szelc, A.M. (U. Edinburgh (main)) ; Taniuchi, N. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Terao, K. (SLAC) ; Thorpe, C. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Torbunov, D. (Brookhaven) ; Totani, D. (UC, Santa Barbara (main)) ; Toups, M. (Fermilab) ; Trettin, A. (U. Manchester (main)) ; Tsai, Y.-T. (SLAC) ; Tyler, J. (Kansas State U., Manhattan) ; Uchida, M.A. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Usher, T. (SLAC) ; Viren, B. (Brookhaven) ; Wang, J. (Nankai U.) ; Weber, M. (U. Bern (main)) ; Wei, H. (NASA, Goddard) ; White, A.J. (U. Chicago (main)) ; Wolbers, S. (Fermilab) ; Wongjirad, T. (Tufts U. (main)) ; Wresilo, K. (Cambridge U. (main)) ; Wu, W. (U. Pittsburgh (main)) ; Yandel, E. (UC, Santa Barbara (main) ; Los Alamos) ; Yang, T. (Fermilab) ; Yates, L.E. (Fermilab) ; Yu, H.W. (Brookhaven) ; Zeller, G.P. (Fermilab) ; Zennamo, J. (Fermilab) ; Zhang, C. (Brookhaven)

Imprint 2025-02-15
Number of pages 9
Note 7 pages, 5 figures, Supplemental Materials included in Ancillary files
Subject category hep-ex ; Particle Physics - Experiment
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment FNAL E 0974
Abstract We present MicroBooNE's first search for dark sector $e^+e^-$ explanations of the long-standing MiniBooNE anomaly. The MiniBooNE anomaly has garnered significant attention over the past 20 years including previous MicroBooNE investigations into both anomalous electron and photon excesses, but its origin still remains unclear. In this letter, we provide the first direct test of dark sector models in which dark neutrinos, produced through neutrino-induced scattering, decay into missing energy and visible $e^+e^-$ pairs comprising the MiniBooNE anomaly. Many such models have recently gained traction as a viable solution to the anomaly while evading past bounds. Using an exposure of $6.87 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in the Booster Neutrino Beam, we implement a selection targeting forward-going, coherently produced $e^+e^-$ events. After unblinding, we observe 95 events, which we compare with the constrained background-only prediction of $69.7 \pm 17.3$. This analysis sets the world's first direct limits on these dark sector models and, at the 95% confidence level, excludes the majority of the parameter space viable as a solution to the MiniBooNE anomaly.
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