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Article
Report number	arXiv:2303.18141 ; JLAB-PHY-23-3798
Title	Towards robust PICOSEC Micromegas precise timing detectors
Author(s)	Lisowska, M. (CERN ; IRFU, Saclay) ; Angelis, Y. (Aristotle U., Thessaloniki) ; Aune, S. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Bortfeldt, J. (Munich U.) ; Brunbauer, F. (CERN) ; Chatzianagnostou, E. (Aristotle U., Thessaloniki) ; Dehmelt, K. (SUNY, Stony Brook) ; Desforge, D. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Fanourakis, G. (American Coll. of Greece) ; Floethner, K.J. (CERN ; Bonn U., HISKP) ; Gallinaro, M. (LIP, Lisbon) ; Garcia, F. (Helsinki U.) ; Garg, P. (SUNY, Stony Brook) ; Giomataris, I. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Gnanvo, K. (Jefferson Lab) ; Gustavsson, T. (LIDYL, Saclay) ; Iguaz, F.J. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Janssens, D. (CERN ; Brussels U., IIHE) ; Kallitsopoulou, A. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Kovacic, M. (Zagreb U.) ; Legou, P. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Liu, J. (Hefei, CUST) ; Lupberger, M. (Bonn U., HISKP ; Bonn U.) ; Malace, S. (Jefferson Lab) ; Maniatis, I. (CERN ; Aristotle U., Thessaloniki) ; Meng, Y. (Hefei, CUST) ; Muller, H. (CERN ; Bonn U.) ; Oliveri, E. (CERN) ; Orlandini, G. (CERN ; Erlangen - Nuremberg U.) ; Papaevangelou, T. (IRFU, Saclay) ; Pomorski, M. (LIST, Saclay) ; Ropelewski, L. (CERN) ; Sampsonidis, D. (Aristotle U., Thessaloniki) ; Scharenberg, L. (CERN ; Bonn U.) ; Schneider, T. (CERN) ; Scorsone, E. (LIST, Saclay) ; Sohl, L. (IRFU, Saclay) ; van Stenis, M. (CERN) ; Tsipolitis, Y. (Natl. Tech. U., Athens) ; Tzamarias, S.E. (Aristotle U., Thessaloniki) ; Utrobicic, A. (Boskovic Inst., Zagreb) ; Veenhof, R. (CERN ; Uludag U.) ; Wang, X. (Hefei, CUST) ; White, S. (CERN ; Virginia U.) ; Zhang, Z. (Hefei, CUST) ; Zhou, Y. (Hefei, CUST)
Publication	2023-07-28
Imprint	2023-03-31
Number of pages	8
Note	Supported by the CERN EP R&D; Strategic Programme on Technologies for Future Experiments; the RD51 collaboration, in the framework of RD51 common projects; the Cross-Disciplinary Program on Instrumentation and Detection of CEA, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission; the PHENIICS Doctoral School Program of Université Paris-Saclay, France; the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 11935014); the COFUND-FP-CERN-2014 program (grant number 665779); the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal (CERN/FIS-PAR/0005/2021); the Enhanced Eurotalents program (PCOFUND-GA-2013-600382); the US CMS program under DOE contract No. DEAC02-07CH11359. Supported by the CERN EP R&D; Strategic Programme on Technologies for Future Experiments; the RD51 collaboration, in the framework of RD51 common projects; the Cross-Disciplinary Program on Instrumentation and Detection of CEA, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission; the PHENIICS Doctoral School Program of Université Paris-Saclay, France; the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 11935014); the COFUND-FP-CERN-2014 program (grant number 665779); the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal (CERN/FIS-PAR/0005/2021); the Enhanced Eurotalents program (PCOFUND-GA-2013-600382); the US CMS program under DOE contract No. DEAC02-07CH11359.
In:	JINST 18, 07 (2023) pp.C07018
In:	7th International Conference on Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors 2022 (MPGD 2022), Rehovot, Israel, 11 - 16 Dec 2022, pp.C07018
DOI	10.1088/1748-0221/18/07/C07018
Subject category	physics.ins-det ; Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Project	CERN-EP-RDET
Abstract	The PICOSEC Micromegas (MM) detector is a precise timing gaseous detector consisting of a Cherenkov radiator combined with a photocathode and a MM amplifying structure. A 100-channel non-resistive PICOSEC MM prototype with 10x10 cm^2 active area equipped with a Cesium Iodide (CsI) photocathode demonstrated a time resolution below 18 ps. The objective of this work is to improve the PICOSEC MM detector robustness aspects; i.e. integration of resistive MM and carbon-based photocathodes; while maintaining good time resolution. The PICOSEC MM prototypes have been tested in laboratory conditions and successfully characterised with 150 GeV/c muon beams at the CERN SPS H4 beam line. The excellent timing performance below 20 ps for an individual pad obtained with the 10x10 cm^2 area resistive PICOSEC MM of 20 MOhm/sq showed no significant time resolution degradation as a result of adding a resistive layer. A single-pad prototype equipped with a 12 nm thick Boron Carbide (B4C) photocathode presented a time resolution below 35 ps; opening up new possibilities for detectors with robust photocathodes. The results made the concept more suitable for the experiments in need of robust detectors with good time resolution.
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