CERN Accelerating science

Published Articles
Title	Phase I Upgrade of the Readout System of the Vertex Detector at the LHCb Experiment
Author(s)	Prieto, Antonio Fernández (Santiago de Compostela U., IGFAE) ; Vázquez Regueiro, Pablo (Santiago de Compostela U., IGFAE) ; Hennessy, Karol (Liverpool U.) ; Buytaert, Jan (CERN) ; van Beuzekom, Martin (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Lemos Cid, Edgar (Santiago de Compostela U., IGFAE) ; Eklund, Lars (Glasgow U.) ; de Bruyn, Kristof (CERN) ; Naik, Sneha (Glasgow U.) ; Schiller, Manuel (Glasgow U.) ; Murray, Dónal (Manchester U.) ; Leflat, Alexander (SINP, Moscow) ; García, Oscar Boente (Santiago de Compostela U., IGFAE) ; Gallas Torreira, Abraham (Santiago de Compostela U., IGFAE) ; Plana, Beatriz García (Santiago de Compostela U., IGFAE) ; Bowcock, Themis (Liverpool U.) ; Dettori, Francesco (Liverpool U.) ; Dreimanis, Karlis (Liverpool U.) ; Franco Lima, Vinicius (Liverpool U.) ; Hutchcroft, David (Liverpool U.) ; Rinnert, Kurt (Liverpool U.) ; Shears, Tara (Liverpool U.) ; Augusto, Oscar (CERN) ; Coco, Victor (CERN) ; Collins, Paula (CERN) ; Evans, Tim (CERN) ; Ferro-Luzzi, Massi (CERN) ; Funk, Wolfgang (CERN) ; Schindler, Heinrich (CERN) ; Akiba, Kazu (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Dall'Occo, Elena (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Graz, Cristina Sanchez (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Hulsbergen, Wouter (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Hynds, Daniel (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Kostiuk, Igor (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Merk, Marcel (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Snoch, Aleksandra (Nikhef, Amsterdam) ; Bobulska, Dana Seman (Glasgow U.) ; Borghi, Silvia (Manchester U.) ; de Capua, Stefano (Manchester U.) ; Dutta, Deepanwita (Manchester U.) ; Gersabeck, Marco (Manchester U.) ; Parkes, Chris (Manchester U.) ; Svihra, Peter (Manchester U.) ; Williams, Mark (Manchester U.) ; Bogdanova, Galina (SINP, Moscow) ; Volkov, Vladimir (SINP, Moscow) ; Kopciewicz, Pawel (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Majewski, Maciej (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Oblakowska-Mucha, Agnieszka (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Rachwal, Bartlomej (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Szumlak, Tomasz (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Garcia, Lucas Meyer (Rio de Janeiro Federal U.) ; Marinho, Franciole (Rio de Janeiro Federal U.) ; Mendes, Larissa Helena (Rio de Janeiro Federal U.) ; Nasteva, Irina (Rio de Janeiro Federal U.) ; Otalora, Juan (Rio de Janeiro Federal U.) ; Rodrigues, Gabriel (Rio de Janeiro Federal U.) ; Velthuis, Jaap (Bristol U.) ; Jalocha, Pawel (Oxford U.) ; John, Malcolm (Oxford U.) ; Jurik, Nathan (Oxford U.) ; Scantlebury-Smead, Luke (Oxford U.) ; Back, John (Warwick U.) ; Gershon, Tim (Warwick U.) ; Latham, Tom (Warwick U.) ; Morris, Andrew (Warwick U.)
Publication	2020
Number of pages	8
In:	IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 67 (2020) 732-739
DOI	10.1109/TNS.2020.2970534
Subject category	Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN LHC ; LHCb
Abstract	This article describes the high-speed system designed to meet the challenging requirements for the readout of the new pixel VErtex LOcator (VELO) of the upgraded LHCb experiment. All elements of the electronics readout chain will be renewed to cope with the requirement of  40-MHz full-event readout rate. The pixel sensors will be equipped with VeloPix ASICs and placed at  5 mm from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) beams in a secondary vacuum tank in an extremely high and nonhomogeneous radiation environment. The front-end (FE) ASICs with the highest occupancy will have to cope with pixel-hit rates above  900 Mhits/s using up to four 5.13-Gb/s data readout links. Each module comprises six VeloPix ASICs, wire-bonded to two FE hybrid boards, while a third hybrid will employ a GBTx ASIC as the control interface. High-speed data will reach the wall of the vacuum chamber through low-mass flexible copper tapes. A custom board routes the signals outside the vacuum tank. On the air side, an optical and power board converts the electrical high-speed signals into optical signals for transmission from the underground cavern to the off-detector electronics that process data and send them to a farm of computers for further analysis. Several tests allowing the validation of the system are described here with special emphasis on a test with proton beams that confirms the correct operation of the whole readout hardware.
Copyright/License	publication: (License: CC-BY-4.0)

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