Piper (gènere)

Piper

Piper retrofractum
Taxonomia
Superregne	Eukaryota
Regne	Plantae
Ordre	Piperales
Família	Piperaceae
Gènere	Piper L., 1753
Tipus taxonòmic	Piper nigrum
Nomenclatura
Sinònims	Anderssoniopiper Trel. Arctottonia Trel. Artanthe Miq. Chavica Miq. Discipiper Trel. i Stehlé Lepianthes Raf. Lindeniopiper Trel. Macropiper Miq. Ottonia Spreng. Pleiostachyopiper Trel. Pleistachyopiper Trel. Pothomorphe Miq. Trianaeopiper Trel.

Piper és un gènere de plantes amb flor de la família Piperaceae.

Característiques

Són enredaderes de les zones tropicals. La més coneguda és el pebre negre. Cal esmentar també la fulla de betel.

Taxonomia

N'hi ha entre 1,000 i 2,000 espècies; cal destacar:

• Piper aduncum L.
• Piper amalago L.
• Piper angustifolium Lam.
• Piper arborescens Roxb.
• Piper arboreum Aubl.
  • Piper arboreum subsp. arboreum
  • Piper arboreum subsp. tuberculatum (Jacq.) Tebbs
• Piper argyrites Ridl. ex C.DC.
• Piper aequale Vahl
• Piper amalago L.
• Piper angustifolium Lam.
• Piper angustilimbum C.DC.
• Piper attenuatum Buch.-Ham.
• Piper auritum Kunth
• Piper bantamense Blume
• Piper betle L. — betel
• Piper blattarum Spreng.
• Piper caducibracteum C.DC.
• Piper caracasanum Bredem
• Piper chaba W. Hunter
• Piper confertinodum (Trel. & Yunck.) M.A.Jaram. & Callejas
• Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.
• Piper cubeba L.f.
• Piper decurrens C.DC.
• Piper dilatatum L.C.Rich.
• Piper futokadzura Siebold
• Piper glabrescens (Miq.) C.DC.
• Piper guayranum C.Dc.
• Piper guineense Schumach. & Thonn.
• Piper hispidinervum C.DC.
• Piper hispidum Sw.
• Piper hymenophyllum
• Piper jacquemontianum Kunth
• Piper kadsura (Choisy) Ohwi
• Piper lambeauense C.Dc.
• Piper latifolium L.f.
• Piper lolot C.DC.
• Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
• Piper longum L.
• Piper magnibaccum
• Piper marginatum Jacq.
• Piper methysticum G.Forst.
• Piper mornicola C.Dc.
• Piper nigrum L. - pebre negre
• Piper nudilimbum C.DC.
• Piper ornatum N.E.Br.
• Piper ovatum Vahl
• Piper peltatum L.
• Piper ponapense C.DC.
• Piper porphyrophyllum (Lindl.) N.E.Br.
• Piper pseudolindenii C.DC.
• Piper reticulatum L.
• Piper retrofractum Vahl
• Piper saltuum C.DC.
• Piper sanctum (Miq.) Schltdl.
• Piper sarmentosum Roxb.
• Piper siriboa L.
• Piper umbellatum L.
• Piper wallichii (Miq.) Hand.-Mazz.
• Piper swartzianum (Miq.) C.DC.

Referències

• Dyer, L.A. & Palmer, A.N. (2004): Piper: A model genus for studies of evolution, chemical ecology, and trophic interactions. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. ISBN 0-306-48498-6
• Ecocyber (2008): Tropical Root Crops Arxivat 2008-07-19 a Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 2008-JUL-15.
• Gorman, Chester F. (1969): Hoabinhian: A pebble tool complex with early plant associations in Southeast Asia. Science 163(3868): 671-673. doi:10.1126/science.163.3868.671 (HTML abstract)
• Gorman, Chester F. (1971): The Hoabinhian and After: Subsistence Patterns in Southeast Asia during the Late Pleistocene and Early Recent Periods. World Archaeology 2(3): 300-320. HTML abstract and first page image

Enllaços externs

• International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) (2007): 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland.
• Lim, S.T.; Dragull, K.; Tang, C.S.; Bittenbender, H.C.; Efird, J.T. & Nerurkar P.V., Effects of Kava Alkaloid, Pipermethystine, and Kavalactones on Oxidative Stress and Cytochrome P450 in F-344 Rats. Toxicological Science; 97(1): 214-221.
• Parkinson, John (1640): Theatrum Botanicum: the Theater of Plants, etc. T. Cotes, London.
• Solomon, Charmaine (1998): Cha Plu. In: Encyclopedia of Asian Food. Periplus Editions. HTML fulltext Arxivat 2008-06-15 a Wayback Machine.
• Sorrentin, L.; Capasso, A. & Schmidt, M. (2006): Safety of ethanolic kava extract: Results of a study of chronic toxicity in rats. Phytomedicine 13(8): 542-549. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2006.01.006