Joseph Kony
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Si Joseph Rao Kony (namundag, c. 1961) iyo an pamayo kan inaapod na Lord's Resistance Army (LRA/ Hokbo ni Kagurangnan sa Pakikitusay ),sarong grupong gerilyang Ugandano. Manta ini kan enot nag'aani nin popular na suporta, an LRA buminaliktad asin pinag'api kaini an sadiring mga tagasurog, sa soboot pagpupuro sa banwang Acholi asin gibohon an Uganda na sarong teokrasiya.[2] Si Kony pigproklama niya an sadiri bilang iyo an tagataram kan Diyos na Kagurangnan asin bilang siya sarong sinapotan espiritu, kan Espiritu Santo orog na, na an pag'iriba pigtutubod ini napahiling sa manlaenlaen na porma. Sa teolohiyang pakasabot, an grupo sarong sinkretong pagsaralak nin mitisismo, Acholing nasyonalismo, asin Krsitiyanong pundamentalismo; ,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] asin nangangako na matogdas nin sarong estadong teokratiko nababatay sa Sampolong Togon asin sa lokal na tradisyon Acholi. [13][14][15] Si Kony pigsugo an pagdukot nin mga aki ngane gibohon na mga aking-oripon-sa-sex asin mga aking-soldados. [16] Pigtatayang mga 66,000 na ribong mga aki an nagin pirit na soldados asin mga duwang milyon na mga tawo an na'ukag, nabungkal sa dating mga estaran sa laog kan Uganda. .[17] Kan 2008, si Kony kinasuhan huli sa mga krimen gera kan International Criminal Court sa The Hague, Nederlands, alagad dai madakop'dakop. An hokbo ni Kony librelibreng luwas-laog sa kahiwasan kan Demokratikong Republika kan Kongo, sa Sentral na Aprikanong Republika, sa Habagatan Sudan, asin sa Sudan.[18]
Enot na mga taon
[baguhon | baguhon an source]Si Kony namundag kan 1961 sa Odek, sarong baryo sa bandang subangan kan Gulu, parteng amnayan nin Uganda [19][2] sa ama niyang si Luizi Obol asin ina niyang si Nora, pareho mga paraoma. Siya kabuhan kan banwang Acholi.[2][20]. Maray man an pakikibagay niya sa saiyang mga tugang, alagad sinasabi na mainiton an payo asin madaling mag'alsang kamot saka mangulog. [21]. An saiyang ama sarong katekista sa Simbahan Katoliko asin an saiyang ina sarong Anglicano. Si Kony nagin altar boy nin pirang taon alagad nagpondo pagsimba asin pagsibot sa simbahan pag'edad 15 anyos [21] saka nagpondo naman pagklase.[2]
Kan siya hagbayon, si Kony nag'asiste sa tugang niyang matua, si Jamie Brow, bilang sarong parasantigwar, asin kan magadan na an tugang niya, siya na an nagmana kan siring na kargo.[22]
Sarong kultong lider
[baguhon | baguhon an source]Enot na naglataw an pangaran niya kan Enero 1986 bilang lider kan saro sa mga grupong premillennialista nagburutwa sa dagang Acholi kan panahon na makusog an Hiron nin Espiritu Santo (Holy Spirit Movement) ni pinamamayohan ni Alice Auma (bisto man sa apod na Lakwena, asin tinutubod na partidario mansana ni Kony).[2] Sinasabing nagluya an impluensya kan mga movimientong ini kan mapatalsik si Presiente Tito Okello, sarong Acholi, ni Yoweri Museveni saka kan hokbo kaini, an National Resistance Army (NRA) sa ribok na nagputok sa Uganda, idtong inapod na Ugandan Bush War (1981-1986). An pangyaring ini, sa ibong na lado, nagpakusog kan impluensya ni Kony,
Kaiba an sarong sadit na parasunod niya, enot nagrayo sa lugar kan banwa niyang Odek kan Abril 1, 1987. Dangan nasabat niya an mga dating soldados, na kabali sa Black Battalion, asin an huri apil sa Uganda National Liberation Front. Si Kony kun napa'no ta napa'ayon niya an mga ini sa grupo niya, asin an enot na sakyada kan mas dakula nang grupo niya iyo ginibo sa siyudad nin Gulu.
Mga panluwas na takod
[baguhon | baguhon an source]- Invisible Children 2010 dokumentaryong pelikula nagbubuyagyag kan pagdukot asin pagpirit sa mga aki na magin mga soldados kan LRA
- Hague Justice Portal: Joseph Kony Archived 2011-12-19 at the Wayback Machine.
- "Wanted": Joseph Kony on Interpol`s list of wanted persons
Toltolan
[baguhon | baguhon an source]- ↑ An retrato niya sinapi sa https://archive.is/20120805144719/www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons/(wanted_id)/2006-26320 websayt kan Interpol
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Daniel Howden (November 8, 2008). "The deadly cult of Joseph Kony". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/the-deadly-cult-of-joseph-kony-1001084.html. Retrieved on March 7, 2012.
- ↑ Doom, Ruddy; Vlassenroot, Koen (1 January 1999). "The Lord's Resistance Army in Northern Uganda". Afraf.oxfordjournals.org. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
- ↑ ""Christian Cult Killing, Ravaging In New Uganda"". Archived from the original on 2017-11-02. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
- ↑ Ten Commandments of God: Mass Suicide in Uganda
- ↑ Lamb, Christina (2 March 2008). "The Wizard of the Nile The Hunt for Africas Most Wanted by Matthew Green". The Times (London). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/non-fiction/article3449276.ece.
- ↑ McKinley Jr, James C. (5 March 1997). "Christian Rebels Wage a War of Terror in Uganda". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/05/world/christian-rebels-wage-a-war-of-terror-in-uganda.html.
- ↑ McGreal, Chris (13 March 2008). "Museveni refuses to hand over rebel leaders to war crimes court". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/mar/13/uganda.internationalcrime.
- ↑ Boustany, Nora (19 March 2008). "Ugandan Rebel Reaches Out to International Court". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/03/18/AR2008031803054.html.
- ↑ Haynes, Jeffrey (2002). Politics in the developing world. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 121. ISBN 978-0631225560.
- ↑ McLaughlin, Abraham (31 December 2004). "The End of Uganda's Mystic Rebel?". Christian Science Monitor. Global Policy Forum. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
- ↑ Muth, Rachel (8 May 2008). "Child Soldiers in the Lord’s Resistance Army: Factors in the Rehabilitation and Reintegration Process". George Mason University: 23. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3005. Retrieved on 4 March 2009.[gadan na takod]
- ↑ Ruddy Doom and Koen Vlassenroot (1999). Kony's message: A new Koine? The Lord's Resistance Army in northern Uganda. 98. Oxford Journals / Royal African Society. pp. 5–36.
- ↑ Martin, Gus (2006). Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues. SAGE. pp. 196–197. ISBN 978-1412927222.
- ↑ "Interview with Vincent Otti, LRA second in command" and " A leadership based on claims of divine revelations" in IRIN In Depth, June 2007
- ↑ International Criminal Court (14 October 2005). Warrant of Arrest unsealed against five LRA Commanders. Retrieved 2 June 2009.
- ↑ "Read The Bill: H.R. 2478". GovTrack.us. 2009-05-19. Archived from the original on 2011-02-03. Retrieved July 11, 2011.
- ↑ Four African nations crack down on LRA retrieved 11 February 2012
- ↑ Craine, Anthony. "Joseph Kony". Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 7 March 2012.
- ↑ Green, Matthew (2008). The Wizard of the Nile: The Hunt for Africa's Most Wanted. Portobello Books. p. 121. ISBN 9781846270314.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Jimmie Briggs (2005). Innocents Lost: When Child soldiers Go to war. pp. 105–144.
- ↑ Peter Eichstaedt, First Kill Your Family: Child Soldiers of Uganda and the Lord's Resistance Army, p. 206