Haram

An haram iyo an sarong terminong Arabiko na nangangahulogan 'pinapangaladan'. Ini posibleng nanonongod sa arin man sa sagradong bagay na dai itinotogot sa mga tawo na mayo sa kamugtakan nin kadalisayan o dai minapoon sa banal na kaaraman; o, direktang kabaliktaran, sa sarong maraot asin sa siring "daing kontrol na aksyon na ipinagbabawal na gibohon."^[1]^[2] An termino nangangahulogan man nin sarong bagay na "igilid," sa siring iyan an Arabiko na katimbang kan Hebreong konsepto חרם‎, ḥērem and the concept of sacer (cf. sacred) in Roman law and religion. In Islamic jurisprudence, haram is used to refer to any act that is forbidden by God and is one of the five Islamic commandments (Arabic: الأحكام الخمسة‎, translit. al-ʾAḥkām al-Ḵamsa) that define the morality of human action.^[3]

An mga gibo na haram parateng prohibido sa relihiyosong mga teksto kan Quran, asin an kategoriyang sunnah nin haram iyo an pinakahalangkaw na klase nin pagbabawal. Kun may ibinibilang na haram, ipinapangalad pa man giraray kaiyan kun gurano karahay an intensyon o kun gurano kahalaga an katuyohan.^[4] An mga kasalan, marahay, asin angay na mga gibo ibinubugtak sa mizan (mga timbangan) sa Aldaw nin Hokom asin tinitimbang sono sa sinseridad kan paragibo.^[5]^[6] An mga punto de vista nin manlaenlaen na madhhabs o legal na mga eskwelahan nin kaisipan pwedeng manlaenlaen nanggad mapadapit sa kun ano an haram asin arin an bakong haram basado sa intelektwal na interpretasyon kan pundamental na relihiyosong mga teksto (Quran asin hadith).^[7]

Toltolan

↑ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
↑ Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi (26 March 2016). The Laws of Islam (PDF) (in English). Enlight Press. ISBN 978-0994240989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
↑ Adamec, Ludwig (2009). Historical Dictionary of Islam, 2nd Edition. Lanham: Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 102. ISBN 9780810861619.
↑ Al-Qardawi, Yusuf (1999). The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam. American Trust Publications. p. 26.
↑ American-Arab Message – p. 92, Muhammad Karoub – 2006
↑ The Holy City: Jerusalem in the theology of the Old Testament – p. 20, Leslie J. Hoppe – 2000
↑ The Palgrave Handbook of Spirituality and Business – p. 142, Professor Luk Bouckaert, Professor Laszlo Zsolnai – 2011

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[1] Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.

[Modarresi-2] Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi (26 March 2016). The Laws of Islam (PDF) (in English). Enlight Press. ISBN 978-0994240989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2017.

[Adamec_2009_102-3] Adamec, Ludwig (2009). Historical Dictionary of Islam, 2nd Edition. Lanham: Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 102. ISBN 9780810861619.

[4] Al-Qardawi, Yusuf (1999). The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam. American Trust Publications. p. 26.

[5] American-Arab Message – p. 92, Muhammad Karoub – 2006

[6] The Holy City: Jerusalem in the theology of the Old Testament – p. 20, Leslie J. Hoppe – 2000

[7] The Palgrave Handbook of Spirituality and Business – p. 142, Professor Luk Bouckaert, Professor Laszlo Zsolnai – 2011

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