Circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibits eating in male rats by acting in the hindbrain and without inducing avoidance

Endocrinology. 2014 May;155(5):1690-9. doi: 10.1210/en.2013-1447. Epub 2014 Mar 6.

Abstract

To address the neural mediation of the eating-inhibitory effect of circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), we investigated the effects of 1) intra-fourth ventricular infusion of the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-9 or 2) area postrema lesion on the eating-inhibitory effect of intrameal hepatic portal vein (HPV) GLP-1 infusion in adult male rats. To evaluate the physiological relevance of the observed effect we examined 3) the influence of GLP-1 on flavor acceptance in a 2-bottle conditioned flavor avoidance test, and 4) measured active GLP-1 in the HPV and vena cava (VC) in relation to a meal and in the VC after HPV GLP-1 infusion. Intrameal HPV GLP-1 infusion (1 nmol/kg body weight-5 min) specifically reduced ongoing meal size by almost 40% (P < .05). Intra-fourth ventricular exendin-9 (10 μg/rat) itself did not affect eating, but attenuated (P < .05) the satiating effect of HPV GLP-1. Area postrema lesion also blocked (P < .05) the eating-inhibitory effect of HPV GLP-1. Pairing consumption of flavored saccharin solutions with HPV GLP-1 infusion did not alter flavor acceptance, indicating that HPV GLP-1 can inhibit eating without inducing malaise. A regular chow meal transiently increased (P < .05) HPV, but not VC, plasma active GLP-1 levels, whereas HPV GLP-1 infusion caused a transient supraphysiological increase (P < .01) in VC GLP-1 concentration 3 minutes after infusion onset. The results implicate hindbrain GLP-1 receptors and the area postrema in the eating-inhibitory effect of circulating GLP-1, but question the physiological relevance of the eating-inhibitory effect of iv infused GLP-1 under our conditions.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Appetite Depressants / administration & dosage
  • Appetite Depressants / adverse effects
  • Appetite Depressants / pharmacology
  • Appetite Regulation* / drug effects
  • Appetite Stimulants / administration & dosage
  • Appetite Stimulants / adverse effects
  • Appetite Stimulants / pharmacology
  • Appetitive Behavior / drug effects
  • Area Postrema / drug effects
  • Area Postrema / metabolism
  • Behavior, Animal / drug effects
  • Central Nervous System Agents / administration & dosage
  • Central Nervous System Agents / pharmacology
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / administration & dosage
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / adverse effects
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / analogs & derivatives
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / metabolism*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / pharmacology
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Infusions, Intraventricular
  • Male
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / agonists*
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism
  • Neurons / drug effects
  • Neurons / metabolism*
  • Peptide Fragments / administration & dosage
  • Peptide Fragments / adverse effects
  • Peptide Fragments / pharmacology
  • Random Allocation
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Receptors, Glucagon / agonists*
  • Receptors, Glucagon / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Glucagon / metabolism
  • Rhombencephalon / drug effects
  • Rhombencephalon / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects

Substances

  • Appetite Depressants
  • Appetite Stimulants
  • Central Nervous System Agents
  • Glp1r protein, rat
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Receptors, Glucagon
  • glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1