Viral and bacterial contamination in recreational waters: a case study in the Lisbon bay area

J Appl Microbiol. 2010 Mar;108(3):1023-1031. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04503.x. Epub 2009 Jul 29.

Abstract

Aims: To assess the presence of viral pathogens in bathing water samples and to evaluate the interdependency of bacterial indicator counts and viral detection.

Methods and results: Bathing water samples of 16 beaches collected along a Portuguese Coastal area were screened for the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus genogroup I (NVGI) using RT-PCR technique. Bacteriological water quality was also assessed, according to European regulations. HAV and NVGI were detected in 95% and 27% of the water samples, respectively, whereas bacteriological quality was good in all but one sample, according to current water quality regulations.

Conclusions: All water samples would be considered of excellent quality according to the most recent European regulations. No relationship between viral detection and regulatory-based bacterial indicators was found.

Significance and impact of the study: The current results reinforce the importance of increased surveillance for pathogenic viruses in bathing waters.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacteria / isolation & purification*
  • Bathing Beaches
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Hepatitis A virus / isolation & purification*
  • Norovirus / isolation & purification*
  • Portugal
  • RNA, Viral
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Seawater / microbiology*
  • Seawater / virology*
  • Water Microbiology*
  • Water Pollutants / isolation & purification

Substances

  • RNA, Viral
  • Water Pollutants