|
|
The subject index
/
SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral
SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral
Categories /
Architecture/Architectural Monuments/Religious Architecture (see also Religion.Church)
Categories /
Religion. Church/Places of Worship (see also Architecture and Urban Planning)
SS. PETER AND PAUL CATHEDRAL (Cathedral of the Apostles Peter and Paul), an architectural monument in the style of the Petrine Baroque. The cathedral was constructed in 1712-33 (by architect D. Trezzini) on the site of a wooden church of the same name (1703-04). Until 1859, it was the main cathedral of the city. The three-tier belfry of the SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral, which is 122.5 m tall, crowned by a gilded spire with a figure of a flying angel, dominates the city skyline and has become a well-known symbol of St. Petersburg. Inside, the basilica-type building is divided by pylons into three naves and adorned with extended pilasters along the walls. The gilded carved iconostasis was made in Moscow in 1722-26 (architect I. P. Zarudny, engraving by T. Ivanov and I. Telega; icons were painted by M. A. Merkuryev and F. Artemyev), stucco moulding was done by I. Rossi and A. Quadri, and paintings by G. Gsell, V. Yaroshevsky, M. Zakharov, and others. In 1756-57, Ss Peter and Paul Cathedral was restored after a fire; in 1776 the chiming clock by master B. Oort Krass from Holland was assembled in the belfry. In 1773, the side-altar was consecrated in the name of St. Catherine. In 1829, the damaged figure of the angel was repaired by P. Telushkin, who climbed the spire without any scaffolding. In 1857-58, the wooden spire was replaced with the metal one (architect K. A. Ton, engineer D. I. Zhuravsky). In 1864-66, the old Royal Gates were replaced with new bronze gates (by architect A. I. Krakau). In 1875-77, D. Boldini painted new plafonds; and new bells were hung in 1905. All Russian Emperors from Peter the Great to Alexander III, their wives, some Grand Princes and Grand Princesses (see Imperial Burial Vault) were buried in SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral. From the north-east the Grand Prince Burial Vault adjoins the cathedral and the Commandant cemetery is located on the south-eastern corner. The cathedral also housed captured enemy banners, some of them are now located in the Hermitage. In 1919, SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral was closed, in 1924 it was turned into a museum; the majority of valuable objects of the late 17th - early 18th centuries (silver utensils, books, vestments, icons) were transferred to various Russian museums. During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 SS. Peter & Paul Cathedral suffered damage, by 1952 its facades were restored, and the interior decoration was completed by 1956-57. In 1954, the building was given over to the Museum of City History. In 1998, the remains of Emperor Nicholas II and members of his family, which had not been recognized as genuine by the Russian Orthodox Church, were buried in St. Catherine side-altar of the cathedral. Since, the 1990s memorial services for Russian Emperors have been held regularly in SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral. Church services resumed in 2000. References: Антонов В. В., Кобак А. В. Святыни Санкт-Петербурга: Ист.-церков. энцикл. СПб., 1994. Т. 1. С. 112-116; Петропавловский собор: Усыпальница рос. императоров / Авт.-сост. С. В. Трофимов. СПб., 1998. См. также лит. при ст. Петропавловская крепость и Императорская усыпальница. V. V. Antonov.
Persons
Alexander III, Emperor
Artemyev F.
Boldini Giovanni
Gsell Georg
Ivanov Trofim
Krakau Georg Alexander (Alexander Ivanovich)
Merkuryev M.A.
Nicholas II, Emperor
Oort Krass B.-F.
Peter I, Emperor
Quadri Antonio
Rossi Ignacio Ludovico
Telega Ivan
Telushkin Peter
Ton Konstantin Andreevich
Trezzini Domenico
Yaroshevsky Vasily
Zakharov Mikhail Alexandrovich
Zarudny Ivan Petrovich
Zhuravsky Dmitry Ivanovich
Addresses
Петропавловская крепость
Bibliographies
Антонов В. В., Кобак А. В. Святыни Санкт-Петербурга: Ист.-церков. энцикл. СПб., 1994
Петропавловский собор: Усыпальница рос. императоров / Авт.-сост. С. В. Трофимов. СПб., 1998
The subject Index
Baroque
Imperial Burial Vault
Grand Princes’ Burial Vault
Komendantskoe Cemetery
Hermitage
Hermitage
St. Petersburg Museum of History
Chronograph
1712
1733
1756
1998
hidden
|
Alexander I, Emperor (1777-1825)
ALEXANDER I (1777, St. Petersburg - 1825), Emperor (since 1801). Son of Emperor Paul I and Empress Maria Fedorovna. Brought up by his grandmother, Empress Catherine II
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexander II , Emperor (1818-1881)
ALEXANDER II (1818-1881, St. Petersburg), Emperor (since 1855). He was a son of Emperor Nicholas I and Empress Alexandra Fedorovna. Tsarevitch (from 1831), General of Infantry (1847), Honorary Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1826)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexander III, Emperor (1845-1894)
ALEXANDER III (1845, St. Petersburg — 1894), Emperor (since 1881). Second son of Emperor Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna. From 1865, he was heir to the throne and Tsarevitch. He married the Dutch princess, Dagmar (see Maria Fedorovna)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexandra Fedorovna, Empress (1798-1860)
ALEXANDRA FEDOROVNA (1798-1860, Tsarskoe Selo), Empress (from 1825). Nee the Prussian Princess Frederika Louise Charlotte Wilhelmina. Wife (from 1817) of Emperor Nicholas I and mother of Emperor Alexander II
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexandra Fedorovna, Empress (1872-1918)
ALEXANDRA FEDOROVNA (1872-1918), Empress (from 1894). Nee Victoria Alix Helena Brigitte Louise Beatrice, Princess of Hessen-Darmstadt. Wife of Emperor Nicholas II (from 1894)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Alexey Petrovich, Tsesarevitch (1690-1718)
ALEXEY PETROVICH (1690-1718, St. Petersburg), Tsarevich, heir to the throne, eldest son of Tsar Peter I and his first wife E.F. Lopukhina, father of Emperor Peter II. Received home education
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Anna Ioanovna, Empress (1693-1740)
ANNA IOANNOVNA (1693-1740, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1730). The daughter of Tsar Ivan V, niece of Tsar Peter the Great. In 1710, she married Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Courland, and within two months she was widowed
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Anniversaries of Petersburg (centenary, bicentenary, two hundred fiftieth anniversary, tercentenary)
ANNIVERSARIES OF ST. PETERSBURG. St. Petersburg's first anniversary celebration (the city's centenary) took place in 1803. Celebrations started on the morning of 16 May 1803
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Catherine I (1684-1727), Empress
CATHERINE I (nee Marta Skavronskaya) (1684-1727, St. Petersburg), Empress (crowned in 1721), the second wife of Tsar Peter the Great (from 1712), mother of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna. After the death of her husband (1725) she was enthroned by A.D
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Catherine II (1729-1796), Empress
Catherine II (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1761), wife of Emperor Peter III (1745). Nee Sophie Augusta Frederica of Anhalt-Zerbst. Lived in St. Petersburg from 1744, coming to power by dethroning her husband (1762)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Catherine II the Great, Alekseyevna (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress
Catherine II the Great, Alekseyevna (1729-1796, St. Petersburg), Empress from 1761.
Nee Sophie Friederike Auguste, Princess von Anhalt-Zerbst . In 1744 she came into Russia being the bride of the Heir Grand Duke Peter Fiodorovich (the future
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Chevakinsky S. I. (1713-1783), architect
CHEVAKINSKY Savva Ivanovich (1713-1783), architect, representative of the Baroque. From 1729, studied at the Moscow Preparatory School of the St. Petersburg Naval Academy, in 1732-38 apprenticed in architecture with I.K
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
City Clock
CITY CLOCK. The very first mechanical clock in the city was installed in 1704 in the tower of wooden St. Peter and Paul Cathedral. In 1710, the first striker clock (with chimes) was set up on the belfry of the Church of St
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Elena Pavlovna (1806/1807-1873), Grand Princess
ELENA PAVLOVNA (nee Frederica Charlotte Maria Princess of Wurttemberg) (1806-1873, St. Petersburg), Grand Princess, wife of Grand Prince Mikhail Pavlovich (from 1823)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Elizaveta (Elizabeth) Petrovna (1709-1761), Empress
ELIZAVETA (Elizabeth) PETROVNA (1709-1761, St. Petersburg), Empress (since 1741), daughter of Peter the Great and Elizaveta I. Before taking the throne, she lived in a palace at the Tsaritsyn Medow in St
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Funeral Rites (entry)
FUNERAL RITES. Burials during the building of St. Petersburg were noted for their utmost simplicity. As C. Weber (1718) witnessed, "a body wrapped in a coarse bast sack, tightened with ropes, and put on a bier
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Grand Princes’ Burial Vault
GRAND PRINCES’ BURIAL VAULT is an architectural monument situated in the territory of Peter and Paul Fortress, an extension to the north-eastern part of SS. Peter&Paul Cathedral
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Imperial Burial Vault
IMPERIAL BURIAL VAULT. A final burial place for members of the Imperial Family had not yet been ultimately determined during Peter the Great's reign. The Tsars' kin were most often buried at the Holy Annunciation Church Burial Vault
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Imperial Family
IMPERIAL FAMILY, members of the Russian monarch's family, called by succession to the throne or by lawful marriage to those who had such right. Legal status of the Imperial Family was ratified by Emperor Pavel I in 1797 by the Resolution on the
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Imperial Funerals
IMPERIAL FUNERALS, one of the most important ceremonies. Performed according to Emperor Peter the Great's funeral (1725), consisting of three parts: display of the body of the departed, transportation of the body to the SS
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Komendantskoe Cemetery
KOMENDANTSKOE CEMETERY is situated in the presbytery of SS. Peter&Paul Cathedral, and it was intended exclusively for burials of governors of Peter and Paul Fortress. 19 out of 32 governors of the fortress were buried there
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Konstantin Pavlovich (1779-1831),Grand Prince
KONSTANTIN PAVLOVICH (1779, Tsarskoe Selo - 1831), Grand Prince, Tsesarevich (Crown Prince) (from 1799). Second son of Emperor Pavel I. From 1797, Inspector General of the whole Cavalry, from June 1798 also Chief Commander of the Cadet Corps
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Leuchtenberg Family
LEUCHTENBERG (v. Leuchtenberg), a ducal family in Russia, its founder was Duke M. Leuchtenberg. In 1852, the Leuchtenbergs were included in the Imperial Family under the title of Princes Romanovsky. Initially they were buried at the SS
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Maria Alexandrovna (1824-1880), Empress
MARIA ALEXANDROVNA (1824-1880, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1856). Nee Maximiliane Wilhelmine Auguste Sophie, Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt. Emperor Alexander II's wife (from 1841)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Maria Fedorovna, (1759-1828), Empress
MARIA FEDOROVNA (1759-1828, St. Petersburg), Empress (from 1796). Nee Sophie Dorothea Auguste Louise, Princess of Wurttemberg. She was Emperor Pavel I's second wife (from 1776)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Matveev A.M., (between 1701 and 1704-1739), Artist
MATVEEV Andrey Matveevich (between 1701 and 1704-1739, St. Petersburg) artist. He was the first Russian artist to ever receive a western European art education
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Melnikov P.P. (1804-1880), engineer
MELNIKOV Pavel Petrovich (1804-1880, Luban, St. Petersburg province), engineer, statesman, Engineer-General (1869), Honoured Member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1858)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Mikhail Pavlovich, Grand Prince (1798-1849)
MIKHAIL PAVLOVICH (1798, St. Petersburg – 1849), Grand Prince, Adjutant General (1831), member of the State Council (1825), Senator (1834), Honorary Member of the Imperial Military Academy (1832)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Nicholas I, Emperor (1796-1855)
NICHOLAS I (1796, Tsarskoe Selo - 1855, St. Petersburg), Emperor (from 1825). Emperor Pavel I and Empress Maria Fedorovna's third son. Married the Princess of Prussia (1817), who took the name of Alexandra Fedorovna
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Nicholas II, the Emperor (1868-1918)
Nicholas II (1868, Tsarskoe Selo - 1918), Emperor from 1894 to 1917. Son of Emperor Alexander III and Empress Maria Fedorovna. Married Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt, who took the name of Alexandra Fedorovna
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Nikolay Nikolaevich the Elder (1831-1891), Grand Prince
NIKOLAY NIKOLAEVICH the Elder (1831 Tsarskoe Selo - 1891), Grand Prince, Field Marshal General (1878). The third son of Emperor Nicholas I. From 1852, Inspector General of the Engineering Corps, and from 1864 Inspector General of the Cavalry
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Pavel (Paul) I (1754-1801), Emperor
PAVEL (PAUL) I (1754, St. Petersburg - 1801), Emperor (from 1796). Son of Emperor Peter III and Catherine II. His first wife was Augusta Wilhelmina Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt (Natalia Alexeevna upon conversion to Orthodoxy) (1755-76); his second
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Peter I the Great (1672 - 1725), the Tsar (from 1682), the Emperor (from 1721).
Peter I the Great (1672–1725, SPb), the Tsar (from 1682), the Emperor (from 1721). He was a son of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in the second marriage (to N. К. Naryshkina)
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Peter III (1728-1762), the Emperor
PETER III (1728-1762, Ropsha, St. Petersburg Province), Emperor (from 1761). Born Prince (from 1739, Duke) Karl Peter Ulrich von Holstein-Gottorp. Grandson of Emperor Peter the Great
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Peter the Great (1672-1725), Emperor
Peter the Great (Peter I) (b. 1672, d. 1725 in St. Petersburg), Tsar (from 1682) and Emperor (from 1721) of Russia, founder of St. Petersburg. Peter was the son of Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich (born from his second marriage) and N. K. Naryshkina
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Peter the Great, Monuments to (entry)
PETER THE GREAT, MONUMENTS TO. Monument projects to Peter the Great in the capital founded by him appeared during his lifetime (particularly by N. Pinot, B. Tarsia). In 1716-20, B
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Postwar Restoration of Architectural Monuments
POSTWAR RESTORATION OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS. During the Siege of 1941-44, 187 of 210 buildings registered by the government as architectural monuments suffered from bombardment, suburban palaces-museums (except for Oranienbaum) were ruined
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Rinaldi А. (1709-1794), architect
RINALDI Antonio (around 1709-1794), architect of Italian descent. Studied in Naples under L. Vanvitelli. From 1752 served under Hetman K.G. Razumovsky in Malorussia (Little Russia, otherwise known as Ukraine). Since 1754 resided in St
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Sacred Music
SACRED MUSIC (church music) of the first half of the 18th century was developing in close connection with Moscow traditions. In 1703, the Sovereign Deacon Choir was moved from Moscow to St
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Sestroretsk Instrumentation Plant
Sestroretsk Instrumentation Plant ( Sestroretsk, 2 Voskova Street) is an open joint-stock company, a tooling and machining enterprise and large producer of metal-cutting instruments
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
St. Isaac's Cathedral
ST. ISAAC'S CATHEDRAL, located at 1 St Isaac's Square, an architectural monument of late Classicism and the largest church in St. Petersburg. The first wooden church, which stood at the approximate location of the Bronze Horseman now
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
St. Peter and Paul fortress
ST. PETER AND PAUL FORTRESS, the historical centre of St. Petersburg, a monument of military engineering, the oldest engineering and architectural sight of the city
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Symbols of St. Petersburg
THE SYMBOLS OF ST. PETERSBURG, works of art associated with St. Petersburg in the mass consciousness. The best known visual symbols include the weathercocks on the steeples of the SS
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Trezzini D. (1670-1734), architect.
TREZZINI Domenico (circa 1670-1734), Italian of Swiss descent, architect, city-planner, representative of the Petrine Baroque (Peter's the Great epoch). From 1703, lived in Russia
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
Zhuravsky D.I., (1821-1891), architectural engineer, builder of bridges.
ZHURAVSKY Dmitry Ivanovich (1821-1891, St. Petersburg), engineer, privy counsellor (1876), conferred the Demidov Award (1855). He graduated from the Engineering Corps Institute for Transport Communications (1842)
|
|
|
|
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
hidden
|
|
