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1.
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New particle formation from isoprene under upper-tropospheric conditions
/ Shen, Jiali (Helsinki U.) ; Russell, Douglas M (Frankfurt U., FIAS) ; DeVivo, Jenna (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Kunkler, Felix (Mainz, Max Planck Inst.) ; Baalbaki, Rima (Helsinki U.) ; Mentler, Bernhard (Innsbruck U.) ; Scholz, Wiebke (Innsbruck U.) ; Yu, Wenjuan (Helsinki U.) ; Caudillo-Plath, Lucía (Frankfurt U., FIAS) ; Sommer, Eva (CERN ; Vienna U.) et al.
Abstract
Aircraft observations have revealed ubiquitous new particle formation in the tropical upper troposphere over the Amazon1,2 and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans3,4. Although the vapours involved remain unknown, recent satellite observations have revealed surprisingly high night-time isoprene mixing ratios of up to 1 part per billion by volume (ppbv) in the tropical upper troposphere5. [...]
2024 - 9 p.
- Published in : Nature 636 (2024) 115-123
Fulltext: PDF; External link: Interactions.org
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2.
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3.
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An intercomparison study of four different techniques for measuring the chemical composition of nanoparticles
/ Caudillo, Lucía (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Surdu, Mihnea (PSI, Villigen) ; Lopez, Brandon (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Wang, Mingyi (Carnegie Mellon U. ; Caltech) ; Thoma, Markus (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Bräkling, Steffen (LLNL, Livermore) ; Buchholz, Angela (Aalto U.) ; Simon, Mario (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Wagner, Andrea C (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Müller, Tatjana (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U. ; Mainz, Max Planck Inst.) et al.
Currently, the complete chemical characterization of nanoparticles
(< 100 nm) represents an analytical challenge, since these particles
are abundant in number but have negligible mass. Several methods for
particle-phase characterization have been recently developed to better
detect and infer more accurately the sources and fates of sub-100 nm
particles, but a detailed comparison of different approaches is missing.
Here we report on the chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol
(SOA) nanoparticles from experimental studies of α-pinene ozonolysis
at −50, −30, and −10 ∘C and intercompare the results measured by different
techniques. [...]
2023 - 19 p.
- Published in : Atmos. Chem. Phys. 23 (2023) 6613-6631
Fulltext: PDF;
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4.
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Measurement of the collision rate coefficients between atmospheric ions and multiply charged aerosol particles in the CERN CLOUD chamber
/ Pfeifer, Joschka (CERN ; Frankfurt U.) ; Mahfouz, Naser G A (Carnegie Mellon U. ; Princeton U.) ; Schulze, Benjamin C (Caltech) ; Mathot, Serge (CERN) ; Stolzenburg, Dominik (Helsinki U.) ; Baalbaki, Rima (Helsinki U.) ; Brasseur, Zoé (Helsinki U.) ; Caudillo, Lucia (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Dada, Lubna (PSI, Villigen) ; Granzin, Manuel (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) et al.
Aerosol particles have an important role in Earth's
radiation balance and climate, both directly and indirectly through
aerosol–cloud interactions. Most aerosol particles in the atmosphere are
weakly charged, affecting both their collision rates with ions and neutral
molecules, as well as the rates by which they are scavenged by other aerosol
particles and cloud droplets. [...]
2023 - 16 p.
- Published in : Atmos. Chem. Phys. 23 (2023) 6703-6718
Fulltext: PDF;
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5.
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Assessment of Two Advanced Aluminium-Based Metal Matrix Composites for Application to High Energy Physics Detectors
/ Buchanan, Katie Elizabeth (CERN) ; Sgobba, Stefano (CERN) ; Celuch, Michal Dalemir (CERN) ; Perez Gomez, Francisco (CERN) ; Onnela, Antti (CERN) ; Rose, Pierre (CERN) ; Postema, Hans (CERN ; Cornell U.) ; Pentella, Mariano (CERN) ; Lacombe, Guillaume (Unlisted, FR) ; Thomas, Benjamin (Unlisted, FR) et al.
The Outer Tracker of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS), one of the large experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, will consist of about 13,200 modules, each built up of two silicon sensors. The modules and support structures include thousands of parts that contribute to positioning and cooling the sensors during operation at −30 °C. [...]
2022 - 17 p.
- Published in : Materials 16 (2022) 268
Fulltext: PDF;
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6.
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Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere
/ He, Xu-Cheng (Helsinki U. ; Carnegie Mellon U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Simon, Mario (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Iyer, Siddharth (Tampere U. of Tech.) ; Xie, Hong-Bin (Shanghai Jiao Tong U.) ; Rörup, Birte (Helsinki U.) ; Shen, Jiali (Helsinki U.) ; Finkenzeller, Henning (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES) ; Stolzenburg, Dominik (Helsinki U. ; Vienna U.) ; Zhang, Rongjie (Shanghai Jiao Tong U.) ; Baccarini, Andrea (PSI, Villigen ; Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne) et al.
The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous acid (HIO2)]. [...]
2023 - 7 p.
- Published in : Science 382 (2023) adh2526
Manuscript: PDF;
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7.
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Molecular characterization of ultrafine particles using extractive electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry
/ Surdu, Mihnea (PSI, Villigen) ; Pospisilova, Veronika (PSI, Villigen) ; Xiao, Mao (PSI, Villigen) ; Wang, Mingyi (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; Mentler, Bernhard (Innsbruck U.) ; Simon, Mario (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; Stolzenburg, Dominik (Vienna U., Dept. Math. ; Helsinki U.) ; Hoyle, Christopher R (PSI, Villigen ; Zurich, ETH) ; Bell, David M (PSI, Villigen) ; Lee, Chuan Ping (PSI, Villigen) et al.
Aerosol particles negatively affect human health while also having climatic relevance due to, for example, their ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei. Ultrafine particles (diameter D$_p$ < 100 nm) typically comprise the largest fraction of the total number concentration, however, their chemical characterization is difficult because of their low mass. [...]
2021 - 15 p.
- Published in : Environmental Science: Atmospheres 1 (2021) 434-448
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8.
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Synergistic HNO$_{3}$–H$_{2}$SO$_{4}$–NH$_{3}$ upper tropospheric particle formation
/ Wang, Mingyi ; Xiao, Mao ; Bertozzi, Barbara ; Marie, Guillaume ; Rörup, Birte ; Schulze, Benjamin ; Bardakov, Roman ; He, Xu-Cheng ; Shen, Jiali ; Scholz, Wiebke et al.
New particle formation in the upper free troposphere is a major global source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). However, the precursor vapours that drive the process are not well understood. [...]
2022 - 7 p.
- Published in : Nature 605 (2022) 483-489
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Determination of the collision rate coefficient between charged iodic acid clusters and iodic acid using the appearance time method
/ He, Xu-Cheng (U. Helsinki (main)) ; Iyer, Siddharth (U. Helsinki (main)) ; Sipilä, Mikko (U. Helsinki (main)) ; Ylisirniö, Arttu (UEF, Kuopio) ; Peltola, Maija (Helsinki U.) ; Kontkanen, Jenni (Helsinki U.) ; Baalbaki, Rima (Helsinki U.) ; Simon, Mario (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; Kürten, Andreas (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; Tham, Yee Jun (Helsinki U.) et al.
Ions enhance the formation rate of atmospheric aerosol particles, which play an important role in Earth’s radiative balance. Ion-induced nucleation involves the stepwise accretion of neutral monomers onto a molecular cluster containing an ion, which helps to stabilize the cluster against evaporation. [...]
2020 - 12 p.
- Published in : Aerosol Sci. Technol. 55 (2020) 231-242
Fulltext: PDF;
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10.
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Manufacturing technologies and joining methods of metallic thin-walled pipes for use in high pressure cooling systems
/ McNair, Sophie A M (Bath U.) ; Chaharsooghi, Alborz Shokrani (Bath U.) ; Carnevale, Mauro (Bath U.) ; Rhead, Andrew (Bath U.) ; Onnela, Antti (CERN) ; Daguin, Jerome (CERN) ; Cichy, Kamil (CERN) ; Postema, Hans (Cornell U.) ; Bacchetta, Nicola (CERN) ; French, Thomas (CERN) et al.
Small diameter thin-walled pipes, typically with a diameter less than 20 mm and a ratio of outer diameter to wall thickness is 20 or
above, have increasingly become a key value adding factor for a number of industries including medical applications, electronics
and chemical industries. In high-energy physics experiments, thin-walled pipes are needed in tracking detector cooling systems
where the mass of all components needs to be minimised for physics measurement reasons. [...]
2021 - 15 p.
- Published in : Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 118 (2021) 667-681
Fulltext: PDF;
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