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First results of the cryogenics operation from the LHC physics Run 3 at the increased energy to 6.8 TeV
/ Delprat, L (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Ferrand, F (CERN) ; Gahier, V (CERN) ; Herblin, L (CERN) ; Wagner, U (CERN)
Back in 2018, LHC completed its Run 2 physics period. Consolidation, maintenance, and upgrade activities performed during the subsequent Long Shutdown 2 period (LS2), based on a data-driven approach, allowed for full potential availability of the LHC cryogenics infrastructure before tackling the 2021 magnet quench training campaign, preparing the whole machine for operation at the increased energy of 6.8 TeV. [...]
2024 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng.: 1301 (2024) , no. 1, pp. 012109
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 2023 Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference, pp.012109
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Cryogenic architecture and heat loads for the High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL- LHC) at CERN
/ Gahier, Vanessa (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Claudet, Serge (CERN) ; Delprat, Laurent (CERN) ; Lees, Andrew (CERN) ; Monneret, Emmanuel (CERN) ; Perin, Antonio (CERN) ; Sisti, Michele (CERN) ; Van Weelderen, Rob (CERN)
The High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN is a major upgrade project of the LHC accelerator, which will allow increasing the peak luminosity by at least a factor of five beyond LHC’s design value. This upgrade will include the replacement of the final focusing superconducting magnets and the implementation of superconducting radiofrequency crab cavities in the long straight sections of the interaction points 1 and 5 of LHC. [...]
2025 - 6 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng.: 1327 (2025) , no. 1, pp. 012003
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 29th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2024, Geneva, Switzerland, 22 - 26 July 2024, pp.012003
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2 K system exergetic optimisation and helium recovery system for FCC-ee
/ Naydenov, B (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN)
At its ttbar stage, FCC-ee is expected to require over 200 cryomodules housing 800 MHz bulk niobium superconducting radio frequency cavities at 2 K, and more than 60 cryomodules housing 400 MHz niobium-sputtered copper cavities at 4.5 K. The complexity, energy intensity, and scale of the associated cryogenic system requires a holistic design approach. [...]
2025 - 6 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng.: 1327 (2025) , no. 1, pp. 012018
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 29th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2024, Geneva, Switzerland, 22 - 26 July 2024, pp.012018
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Status of the FCC cryogenics feasibility study
/ Delprat, L (CERN) ; Naydenov, B (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN)
Capitalising on the cryogenic operation experience of the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) at CERN and thanks to the promising results of the R&D; efforts, the first phase of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study presents in its Conceptual Design Report (CDR) published in January 2019 a clear route to a post-LHC machine, expected to be housed in a new 91 km circumference underground tunnel. Regarding the cryogenic system, the CDR is describing the proposed architecture required by the implementation of the staged FCC programme, integrating in sequence a lepton (FCC-ee) then a hadron (FCC-hh) collider in the same tunnel with related cryogenic system upgrades respectively. [...]
2025 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng.: 1327 (2025) , no. 1, pp. 012001
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 29th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2024, Geneva, Switzerland, 22 - 26 July 2024, pp.012001
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Chapter 14: Cryogenics for the HL-LHC
/ Claudet, S (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Monneret, E (CERN) ; Perin, A (CERN) ; Sisti, M (CERN) ; Van Weelderen, R (CERN) ; Lees, A (CERN) ; Gahier, V (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN)
The discovery of a Higgs boson at CERN in 2012 was the start of a major program working to measure this particle’s properties with the highest possible precision for testing the validity of the Standard Model and to search for further new physics at the energy frontier. The LHC is in a unique position to pursue this program. [...]
2024 - 14 p.
- Published in : Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys. 31 (2024) 341-354
Fulltext: PDF;
In : The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, pp.341-354
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LHC Upgrades in preparation of Run 3
/ Arduini, G (CERN) ; Baglin, V (CERN) ; Bartosik, H (CERN) ; Bottura, L (CERN) ; Bracco, C (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Bregliozzi, G (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Bruce, R (CERN) ; Calviani, M (CERN) et al.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown 2(2019–2021), following LHC Run 2, was primarily dedicated to theupgrade of the LHC Injectors but it included also a significantamount of activities aimed at consolidation of the LHC machinecomponents, removal of known limitations and initial upgrades inview of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) to favour the intensityramp-up during Run 3 (2022–2025). An overview of the majormodifications to the accelerator and its systems is followed by asummary of the results of the superconducting magnet trainingcampaign to increase the LHC operation energy beyond the maximumvalue of 6.5 TeV reached during Run 2. [...]
2024 - 138 p.
- Published in : JINST 19 (2024) P05061
Fulltext: PDF;
In : The Large Hadron Collider and The Experiments for Run 3, pp.P05061
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LHC low beta quadrupole magnets: cryogenic refrigeration capacity and improved controls for luminosity optimization
/ Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Gahier, V (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Younes-Cronnier, M (CERN)
The LHC low-beta quadrupole magnets, also known as “Inner Triplets”, are the final focusing magnets located on each side of the LHC interaction points. The design of the currently operated LHC Inner Triplets is based on NbTi superconducting technology. [...]
2023 - 3 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2023 (2023) WEPM094
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2023), Venice, Italy, 7 - 12 May 2023, pp.WEPM094
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LHC Triplet Task Force Report
/ Arduini, Gianluigi (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Bruce, Roderik (CERN) ; Cerutti, Francesco (CERN) ; Ciccotelli, Alessia (University of Manchester (GB)) ; Deferne, Guy (CERN) ; Fartoukh, Stephane (CERN) ; Fessia, Paolo (CERN) ; Garion, Cedric (CERN) et al.
The excellent performance of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the extension of Run 3 by one year have led to a significant increase of the expected integrated luminosity by the end of its operation and before the start of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), exceeding the design LHC integrated luminosity of 300 fb−1 for which the final focus region has been designed. [...]
CERN-ACC-2023-0004.
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2023. - 95 p.
Full text
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Summary of the Post-Long Shutdown 2 LHC Hardware Commissioning Campaign
/ Apollonio, Andrea (CERN) ; Andreassen, Odd (CERN) ; Antoine, Alain (CERN) ; Argyropoulos, Theodoros (CERN) ; Bastos, Miguel (CERN) ; Bednarek, Mateusz (CERN) ; Bordini, Bernardo (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Calia, Andrea (CERN) ; Charifoulline, Zinour (CERN) et al.
In this contribution we provide a summary of the LHC hardware commissioning campaign following the second CERN Long Shutdown (LS2), initially targeting the nominal LHC energy of 7 TeV. A summary of the test procedures and tools used for testing the LHC superconducting circuits is given, together with statistics on the successful test execution. [...]
2022 - 4 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2022 (2022) 335-338
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2022), Bangkok, Thailand, 12 - 17 Jun 2022, pp.335-338
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