arXiv : Transition between Instability and Seeded Self-Modulation of a Relativistic Particle Bunch in Plasma

Batsch, F.; Medina Godoy, D.; Kim, S.Y.; Furno, I.; Verzilov, V.A.; Graubner, T.; Krupa, M.; Mazzoni, S.; Wiwattananon, P.; Chappell, J.; Sublet, A.; Granetzny, M.; Burrows, P.N.; Davut, C.; Fiorito, R.; Bachmann, A.M.; Schmitz, O.; Garolfi, L.; Demeter, G.; Tuev, P.V.; Baistrukov, M.A.; Wolfenden, J.; Turner, M.; Cooke, D.A.; Gorgisyan, I.; Agnello, R.; Apsimon, R.; Liang, L.; Deubner, H.L.; Woolley, B.; Andrebe, Y.; Zepp, M.; Chung, M.; Pukhov, A.; Vieira, J.; Silva, L.O.; Velotti, F.; Buttenschön, B.; Ramjiawan, R.L.; Nowak, E.; Helm, A.; Torrado, N.; Fasoli, A.; Nechaeva, T.; Pucek, J.; Caldwell, A.; Lopes, N.; Chevallay, E.; Grulke, O.; Lefevre, T.; Friebel, F.; Farmer, J.; Hafych, V.; Morales Guzmán, P.I.; Henderson, J.R.; Ahdida, C.C.; Amoedo Goncalves, M.C.; Lotov, K.V.; Fonseca, R.A.; Pakuza, C.; Wendt, M.; Spitsyn, R.I.; Senes, E.; Rey, S.; Speroni, R.; Stollberg, C.; Moreira, M.; Kargapolov, I. Yu.; Wing, M.; Pardons, A.; Moody, J.T.; Rieger, K.; Gorn, A.A.; Apsimon, O.; Braunmüller, F.; Verra, L.; Fedosseev, V.N.; Hüther, M.; Gschwendtner, E.; Granados, E.; Blanchard, P.; Welsch, C.P.; Topaloudis, A.; Liu, S.; Perera, A.; Minakov, V.A.; Gessner, S.; Panuganti, H.; Doebert, S.; Damerau, H.; Muggli, P.; Martyanov, M.; Kraus, F.; Vincke, H.; Zevi Della Porta, G.; Moon, K.; Xia, G.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.164802

Article
Report number	arXiv:2012.09676
Title	Transition between Instability and Seeded Self-Modulation of a Relativistic Particle Bunch in Plasma
Author(s)	Batsch, F. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Muggli, P. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Agnello, R. (EPFL, Lausanne, FSL) ; Ahdida, C.C. (CERN) ; Amoedo Goncalves, M.C. (CERN) ; Andrebe, Y. (EPFL, Lausanne, FSL) ; Apsimon, O. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Liverpool U.) ; Apsimon, R. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Lancaster U.) ; Bachmann, A.M. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Baistrukov, M.A. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Blanchard, P. (EPFL, Lausanne, FSL) ; Braunmüller, F. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Burrows, P.N. (Oxford U.) ; Buttenschön, B. (Greifswald, Max Planck Inst.) ; Caldwell, A. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Chappell, J. (University Coll. London) ; Chevallay, E. (CERN) ; Chung, M. (UNIST, Ulsan) ; Cooke, D.A. (University Coll. London) ; Damerau, H. (CERN) ; Davut, C. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Manchester U.) ; Demeter, G. (Wigner RCP, Budapest) ; Deubner, H.L. (Philipps U. Marburg) ; Doebert, S. (CERN) ; Farmer, J. (Munich, Max Planck Inst. ; CERN) ; Fasoli, A. (EPFL, Lausanne, FSL) ; Fedosseev, V.N. (CERN) ; Fiorito, R. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Liverpool U.) ; Fonseca, R.A. (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Friebel, F. (CERN) ; Furno, I. (EPFL, Lausanne, FSL) ; Garolfi, L. (TRIUMF) ; Gessner, S. (CERN ; SLAC) ; Gorgisyan, I. (CERN) ; Gorn, A.A. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Granados, E. (CERN) ; Granetzny, M. (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Graubner, T. (Philipps U. Marburg) ; Grulke, O. (Greifswald, Max Planck Inst. ; Denmark, Tech. U.) ; Gschwendtner, E. (CERN) ; Hafych, V. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Helm, A. (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Henderson, J.R. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Daresbury) ; Hüther, M. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Kargapolov, I. Yu. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Kim, S.Y. (UNIST, Ulsan) ; Kraus, F. (Philipps U. Marburg) ; Krupa, M. (CERN) ; Lefevre, T. (CERN) ; Liang, L. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Manchester U.) ; Liu, S. (TRIUMF) ; Lopes, N. (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Lotov, K.V. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Martyanov, M. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Mazzoni, S. (CERN) ; Medina Godoy, D. (CERN) ; Minakov, V.A. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Moody, J.T. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Moon, K. (UNIST, Ulsan) ; Morales Guzmán, P.I. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Moreira, M. (CERN ; CMAF, Lisbon) ; Nechaeva, T. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Nowak, E. (CERN) ; Pakuza, C. (Oxford U.) ; Panuganti, H. (CERN) ; Pardons, A. (CERN) ; Perera, A. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Liverpool U.) ; Pucek, J. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Pukhov, A. (Fachhochschule Dusseldorf) ; Ramjiawan, R.L. (CERN ; Oxford U.) ; Rey, S. (CERN) ; Rieger, K. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Schmitz, O. (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Senes, E. (CERN ; Oxford U.) ; Silva, L.O. (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Speroni, R. (CERN) ; Spitsyn, R.I. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Stollberg, C. (EPFL, Lausanne, FSL) ; Sublet, A. (CERN) ; Topaloudis, A. (CERN) ; Torrado, N. (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Tuev, P.V. (Novosibirsk State U. ; Novosibirsk, Inst. Laser Phys.) ; Turner, M. (CERN ; LBL, Berkeley) ; Velotti, F. (CERN) ; Verra, L. (Munich, Max Planck Inst. ; CERN ; Siemens, Munich) ; Verzilov, V.A. (TRIUMF) ; Vieira, J. (CMAF, Lisbon) ; Vincke, H. (CERN) ; Welsch, C.P. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Liverpool U.) ; Wendt, M. (CERN) ; Wing, M. (University Coll. London) ; Wiwattananon, P. (CERN) ; Wolfenden, J. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Liverpool U.) ; Woolley, B. (CERN) ; Xia, G. (Cockcroft Inst. Accel. Sci. Tech. ; Manchester U.) ; Zepp, M. (Wisconsin U., Madison) ; Zevi Della Porta, G. (CERN)
Publication	2021-04-21
Imprint	2020-12-17
Number of pages	6
Note	Letter and Supplemental Material, 6 figures, 8 pages
In:	Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 (2021) 164802
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.164802
Subject category	physics.acc-ph ; Accelerators and Storage Rings ; physics.plasm-ph ; Other Fields of Physics
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN AWAKE
Abstract	We use a relativistic ionization front to provide various initial transverse wakefield amplitudes for the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in plasma. We show experimentally that, with sufficient initial amplitude ($\ge(4.1\pm0.4)$ MV/m), the phase of the modulation along the bunch is reproducible from event to event, with 3 to 7% (of 2$\pi$) rms variations all along the bunch. The phase is not reproducible for lower initial amplitudes. We observe the transition between these two regimes. Phase reproducibility is essential for deterministic external injection of particles to be accelerated.
Copyright/License	preprint: (License: arXiv nonexclusive-distrib 1.0) publication: © 2021-2024 authors (License: CC-BY-4.0)

$Schematic of the experimental setup showing the main components used for measurements presented here. Inset 1: RIF in the middle of the proton bunch ($t_{RIF}=0$\,ps). Inset 2: Streak camera image of a modulated proton bunch, laser reference signal at $t=0$\,ps (red circle).$ $Composite images of the center part of the streak camera image (see Fig.~\ref{fig:setup} Inset2) for ten events with (a) RIF 600\,ps (2.4$\sigma_t$) and (b) RIF 350\,ps (1.4$\sigma_t$) ahead of the proton bunch center. Front of the bunch on the right hand side. Events aligned with respect to LRS (\cite{bib:fabianEAAC}, at $t=0$, not visible). Both cases: LRS 150\,ps (0.6$\sigma_t$) ahead of bunch center, $n_{e0}=0.94\times$10$^{14}$\,cm$^{-3}$.$ $Measured rms (blue circles) and full phase variation (blue diamond), and initial linear transverse wakefield amplitude (filled red circles) as a function of $t_{RIF}$ normalized to $\sigma_t$. The error bars indicate the statistical uncertainty of 10.1\% (see text). Error bars representing the uncertainty in $t_{RIF}$ due to the 15\,ps (0.06$\sigma_t$) rms proton timing jitter are not plotted. Same LRS timing and $n_{e0}$ as in Fig.~\ref{fig:waterfall}.$ Show more plots

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