CERN Accelerating science

Article
Report number arXiv:1510.00163 ; CERN-PH-EP-2015-273 ; CERN-PH-EP-2015-273
Title Multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations in inelastic proton-proton interactions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron
Author(s)

Aduszkiewicz, A. (Warsaw U.) ; Ali, Y. (Jagiellonian U.) ; Andronov, E. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Antićić, T. (Boskovic Inst., Zagreb) ; Antoniou, N. (Athens U.) ; Baatar, B. (Dubna, JINR) ; Bay, F. (ETH, Zurich (main)) ; Blondel, A. (Geneva U.) ; Blümer, J. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Bogomilov, M. (Sofiya U.) ; Bravar, A. (Geneva U.) ; Brzychczyk, J. (Jagiellonian U.) ; Bunyatov, S.A. (Dubna, JINR) ; Busygina, O. (Moscow, INR) ; Christakoglou, P. (Athens U.) ; Cirković, M. (Belgrade U.) ; Czopowicz, T. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Davis, N. (Athens U.) ; Debieux, S. (Geneva U.) ; Dembinski, H. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Deveaux, M. (Frankfurt U.) ; Diakonos, F. (Athens U.) ; Di Luise, S. (ETH, Zurich (main)) ; Dominik, W. (Warsaw U.) ; Dumarchez, J. (Paris U., VI-VII) ; Dynowski, K. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Engel, R. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Ereditato, A. (Bern U.) ; Feofilov, G.A. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Fodor, Z. (Wigner RCP, Budapest ; Wroclaw U.) ; Garibov, A. (NNRC, Baku) ; Gaździcki, M. (Frankfurt U. ; Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Golubeva, M. (Moscow, INR) ; Grebieszkow, K. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Grzeszczuk, A. (Silesia U.) ; Guber, F. (Moscow, INR) ; Haesler, A. (Geneva U.) ; Hasegawa, T. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Herve, A. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Hierholzer, M. (Bern U.) ; Igolkin, S. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Ivashkin, A. (Moscow, INR) ; Kadija, K. (Boskovic Inst., Zagreb) ; Kapoyannis, A. (Athens U.) ; Kaptur, E. (Silesia U.) ; Kisiel, J. (Silesia U.) ; Kobayashi, T. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Kolesnikov, V.I. (Dubna, JINR) ; Kolev, D. (Sofiya U.) ; Kondratiev, V.P. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Korzenev, A. (Geneva U.) ; Kowalik, K. (NCBJ, Swierk) ; Kowalski, S. (Silesia U.) ; Koziel, M. (Frankfurt U.) ; Krasnoperov, A. (Dubna, JINR) ; Kuich, M. (Warsaw U.) ; Kurepin, A. (Moscow, INR) ; Larsen, D. (Jagiellonian U.) ; László, A. (Wigner RCP, Budapest) ; Lewicki, M. (Wroclaw U.) ; Lyubushkin, V.V. (Dubna, JINR) ; Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, M. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Maksiak, B. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Malakhov, A.I. (Dubna, JINR) ; Manić, D. (Belgrade U.) ; Marcinek, A. (Jagiellonian U. ; Wroclaw U.) ; Marton, K. (Wigner RCP, Budapest) ; Mathes, H.J. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Matulewicz, T. (Warsaw U.) ; Matveev, V. (Dubna, JINR) ; Melkumov, G.L. (Dubna, JINR) ; Morozov, S. (Moscow, INR) ; Mrówczyński, S. (Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Nakadaira, T. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Naskręt, M. (Wroclaw U.) ; Nirkko, M. (Bern U.) ; Nishikawa, K. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Panagiotou, A.D. (Athens U.) ; Pavin, M. (Boskovic Inst., Zagreb ; Paris U., VI-VII) ; Petukhov, O. (Moscow, INR) ; Pistillo, C. (Bern U.) ; Płaneta, R. (Jagiellonian U.) ; Popov, B.A. (Paris U., VI-VII ; Dubna, JINR) ; Posiadała, M. (Warsaw U.) ; Puławski, S. (Silesia U.) ; Puzović, J. (Belgrade U.) ; Rauch, W. (Fachhochschule Frankfurt) ; Ravonel, M. (Geneva U.) ; Redij, A. (Bern U.) ; Renfordt, R. (Frankfurt U.) ; Richter-Was, E. (Jagiellonian U.) ; Robert, A. (Paris U., VI-VII) ; Röhrich, D. (Bergen U.) ; Rondio, E. (NCBJ, Swierk) ; Roth, M. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Rubbia, A. (ETH, Zurich (main)) ; Rustamov, A. (NNRC, Baku ; Frankfurt U.) ; Rybczynski, M. (Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Sadovsky, A. (Moscow, INR) ; Sakashita, K. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Sarnecki, R. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Schmidt, K. (Silesia U.) ; Sekiguchi, T. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Seryakov, A. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Seyboth, P. (Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Sgalaberna, D. (ETH, Zurich (main)) ; Shibata, M. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Słodkowski, M. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Staszel, P. (Jagiellonian U.) ; Stefanek, G. (Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Stepaniak, J. (NCBJ, Swierk) ; Ströbele, H. (Frankfurt U.) ; Šuša, T. (Boskovic Inst., Zagreb) ; Szuba, M. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Tada, M. (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Tefelska, A. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Tefelski, D. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Tereshchenko, V. (Dubna, JINR) ; Tsenov, R. (Sofiya U.) ; Turko, L. (Wroclaw U.) ; Ulrich, R. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Unger, M. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Vassiliou, M. (Athens U.) ; Veberič, D. (KIT, Karlsruhe) ; Vechernin, V.V. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Vesztergombi, G. (Wigner RCP, Budapest) ; Vinogradov, L. (St. Petersburg State U.) ; Wilczek, A. (Silesia U.) ; Wlodarczyk, Z. (Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A. (Jan Kochanowski U.) ; Wyszyński, O. (Jagiellonian U.) ; Zambelli, L. (Paris U., VI-VII ; KEK, Tsukuba)

Publication 2016-11-21
Imprint 6 Oct 2015
Number of pages 17
Note 18 pages, 12 figures
In: Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 635
DOI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4450-9
Subject category Particle Physics - Experiment
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment CERN SPS ; SHINE NA61
Free keywords relativistic heavy ion physics ; quark gluon plasma ; particle correlations and fluctuations ; experimental results ; proton-proton interactions, multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations
Abstract Measurements of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations of charged particles were performed in inelastic p+p interactions at 20, 31, 40, 80 and 158 GeV/c beam momentum. Results for the scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution and for three strongly intensive measures of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations $\Delta[P_{T},N]$, $\Sigma[P_{T},N]$ and $\Phi_{p_T}$ are presented. For the first time the results on fluctuations are fully corrected for experimental biases. The results on multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations significantly deviate from expectations for the independent particle production. They also depend on charges of selected hadrons. The string-resonance Monte Carlo models EPOS and UrQMD do not describe the data. The scaled variance of multiplicity fluctuations is significantly higher in inelastic p+p interactions than in central Pb+Pb collisions measured by NA49 at the same energy per nucleon. This is in qualitative disagreement with the predictions of the Wounded Nucleon Model. Within the statistical framework the enhanced multiplicity fluctuations in inelastic p+p interactions can be interpreted as due to event-by-event fluctuations of the fireball energy and/or volume.
Copyright/License preprint: © 2015-2025 CERN (License: CC-BY-4.0)
publication: © 2016-2025 CERN (License: CC-BY-4.0), sponsored by SCOAP³



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Загрузка полного текста00004 Population of all charged hadrons in the analysis acceptance used in this paper to study transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations: the two top plots refer to 20~\GeVc and the two bottom plots to 158~\GeVc p+p interactions.
Загрузка полного текста00002 Population of all charged hadrons in the analysis acceptance used in this paper to study transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations: the two top plots refer to 20~\GeVc and the two bottom plots to 158~\GeVc p+p interactions.
Загрузка полного текста00015 (Color online) Collision energy dependence of the scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution for inelastic p+p (\NASixtyOne) interactions and the 1\% most central Pb+Pb (NA49~\cite{Alt:2007jq}) collisions in the NA49-$M$ ($top$) and NA49-$B$ ($bottom$) acceptances (see text for details). Statistical errors (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00013 (Color online) \NASixtyOne results on $\Phi_{p_T}$ vs collision energy for inelastic p+p interactions within the full \NASixtyOne acceptance (see Fig.~\ref{fig:results}) and within the NA49-$N$ acceptance (see Ref.~\cite{Anticic:2008aa}). Statistical errors (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00014 (Color online) $\Phi_{p_T}$ versus collision energy for inelastic p+p (\NASixtyOne) interactions and the 7.2\% most central Pb+Pb (NA49~\cite{Anticic:2008aa}) collisions in the NA49-$N$ acceptance. Statistical errors are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00016 (Color online) Collision energy dependence of the scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution for inelastic p+p (\NASixtyOne) interactions and the 1\% most central Pb+Pb (NA49~\cite{Alt:2007jq}) collisions in the NA49-$M$ ($top$) and NA49-$B$ ($bottom$) acceptances (see text for details). Statistical errors (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00007 Examples of uncorrected distributions of event quantities for p+p interactions at 20 and 158~\GeVc beam for data recorded with the liquid hydrogen inserted (I) and removed (R). The spectra with the removed liquid hydrogen are multiplied by the $\epsilon$ factor (see Eq.~\ref{eq:epsilon}).
Загрузка полного текста00010 (Color online) Results on $\omega[N]$ and $\Delta[P_{T},N]$ as a function of collision energy for all charged hadrons after all corrections (full circles), without the correction for the trigger bias (upward pointing triangles), without corrections for the trigger bias and the off-line event selection (crosses), without correction for feed-down (diamonds) and uncorrected (open circles). Statistical uncertainties (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00005 Distributions of the $z$ coordinate of the reconstructed interaction vertex for events recorded with the target inserted ($I$) and removed ($R$). The target removed distribution was normalized to the target inserted one in the region $z > -450$~cm.
Загрузка полного текста00011 (Color online) Results on $\omega[N]$ and $\Delta[P_{T},N]$ as a function of collision energy for all charged hadrons after all corrections (full circles), without the correction for the trigger bias (upward pointing triangles), without corrections for the trigger bias and the off-line event selection (crosses), without correction for feed-down (diamonds) and uncorrected (open circles). Statistical uncertainties (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00003 Population of all charged hadrons in the analysis acceptance used in this paper to study transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations: the two top plots refer to 20~\GeVc and the two bottom plots to 158~\GeVc p+p interactions.
Загрузка полного текста00001 Population of all charged hadrons in the analysis acceptance used in this paper to study transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations: the two top plots refer to 20~\GeVc and the two bottom plots to 158~\GeVc p+p interactions.
Загрузка полного текста00000 (Colour online) The schematic layout of the \NASixtyOne spectrometer (horizontal cut, not to scale). The beam and trigger detector configuration used for data taking in 2009 is shown in the inset. The chosen coordinate system is drawn on the lower left: its origin lies in the middle of the VTPC-2, on the beam axis. The nominal beam direction is along the $z$ axis. The magnetic field bends charged particle trajectories in the $x$--$z$ (horizontal) plane. Positively charged particles are bent towards the top of the plot. The drift direction in the TPCs is along the $y$ (vertical) axis.
Загрузка полного текста00009 (Color online) Results on $\Delta[P_{T},N]$, $\Sigma[P_{T},N]$, $\Phi_{p_{T}}$ and $\omega[N]$ as a function of collision energy before corrections (open squares), corrected for contributions of off-target interactions (open circles) and additionally corrected for all other experimental biases, see Sec.~\ref{sec:final-corr} (filled circles). Statistical uncertainties (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00008 (Color online) Examples of ratios of corrected to uncorrected distributions of event quantities for p+p interactions at 158~\GeVc.
Загрузка полного текста00018 (Color online) Scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution of negatively charged hadrons as a function of the mean number of wounded nucleons. Results for inelastic p+p (\NASixtyOne) interactions (filled circles) and the 1\% most central Pb+Pb (NA49~\cite{Alt:2007jq}) collisions (squares) in the NA49-$B$ acceptances are shown together with the predictions of the Wounded Nucleon Model ({\it left}) and the statistical model ({\it right}) (see text for explanations).
Загрузка полного текста00012 (Color online) Collision energy dependence of $\Delta[P_{T},N]$, $\Sigma[P_{T},N]$, $\Phi_{p_{T}}$ and $\omega[N]$ for inelastic p+p interactions. The NA61/SHINE measurements (filled circles) are compared with predictions of the \EposLong~(upward pointing triangles) and UrQMD (downward pointing triangles) models (both in the NA61/SHINE acceptance). Statistical uncertainties (mostly invisible) are shown by vertical bars, systematic uncertainties by shaded bands.
Загрузка полного текста00017 (Color online) Scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution of negatively charged hadrons as a function of the mean number of wounded nucleons. Results for inelastic p+p (\NASixtyOne) interactions (filled circles) and the 1\% most central Pb+Pb (NA49~\cite{Alt:2007jq}) collisions (squares) in the NA49-$B$ acceptances are shown together with the predictions of the Wounded Nucleon Model ({\it left}) and the statistical model ({\it right}) (see text for explanations).
Загрузка полного текста00006 Examples of uncorrected distributions of event quantities for p+p interactions at 20 and 158~\GeVc beam for data recorded with the liquid hydrogen inserted (I) and removed (R). The spectra with the removed liquid hydrogen are multiplied by the $\epsilon$ factor (see Eq.~\ref{eq:epsilon}).