Evidence for Non-Exponential Elastic Proton-Proton Differential Cross-Section at Low |t| and $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV by TOTEM

Antchev, G.; Berretti, M.; Bozzo, M.; Heino, J.; Lo Vetere, M.; Smajek, J.; Lippmaa, E.; Radicioni, E.; Guaragnella, C.; Zielinski, K.; Procházka, J.; Atanassov, I.; Macrí, M.; Eggert, K.; Prudenzano, F.; Quinto, M.; D'Orazio, A.; Grzanka, L.; Niewiadomski, H.; Oriunno, M.; Ruggiero, G.; Kopal, J.; Garcia, F.; Österberg, K.; Giani, S.; Doubek, M.; Sziklai, J.; Kašpar, J.; Catanesi, M.G.; Vacek, V.; Fiergolski, A.; Welti, J.; Oljemark, F.; Csanád, M.; Minutoli, S.; Orava, R.; Passaro, V.; Sodzawiczny, T.; Naaranoja, T.; Lippmaa, J.; Bottigli, U.; Karev, A.; Csörgő, T.; Ravotti, F.; Aspell, P.; Lami, S.; Petruzzelli, V.; Lucas Rodríguez, F.; Ferro, F.; Taylor, C.; Deile, M.; Latino, G.; Peroutka, Z.; Losurdo, L.; Avati, V.; Radermacher, E.; Oliveri, E.; Buzzo, A.; Politi, T.; De Leonardis, F.; Lokajíček, M.V.; Turini, N.; Snoeys, W.; Mercadante, A.; Hammerbauer, J.; Saarikko, H.; Lauhakangas, R.; Palazzi, P.; Campanella, C.E.; Cafagna, F.S.; Eremin, V.; Robutti, E.; Nemes, F.; Bossini, E.; Scribano, A.; Minafra, N.; Berardi, V.; Georgiev, V.; Ropelewski, L.; Kundrát, V.; Baechler, J.; Wyszkowski, P.

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2015.08.010

Article
Report number	arXiv:1503.08111 ; CERN-PH-EP-2015-083 ; CERN-PH-EP-2015-083
Title	Evidence for Non-Exponential Elastic Proton-Proton Differential Cross-Section at Low \|t\| and $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV by TOTEM
Author(s)	Antchev, G. (Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Aspell, P. (CERN) ; Atanassov, I. (CERN ; Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Avati, V. (CERN) ; Baechler, J. (Case Western Reserve U. ; CERN) ; Berardi, V. (INFN, Bari) ; Berretti, M. (INFN, Pisa ; INFN, Siena) ; Bossini, E. (CERN) ; Bottigli, U. (INFN, Siena ; U. Siena (main)) ; Bozzo, M. (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Buzzo, A. (INFN, Genoa) ; Cafagna, F.S. (INFN, Bari) ; Campanella, C.E. ; Catanesi, M.G. (INFN, Bari) ; Csanád, M. (Eotvos U.) ; Csörgő, T. (Budapest, RMKI) ; Deile, M. ; De Leonardis, F. ; D'Orazio, A. (INFN, Rome) ; Doubek, M. (IEAP CTU, Prague) ; Eggert, K. (CERN) ; Eremin, V. (Ioffe Phys. Tech. Inst.) ; Ferro, F. (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Fiergolski, A. (Warsaw U. of Tech.) ; Garcia, F. ; Georgiev, V. (Pilsen U.) ; Giani, S. (CERN) ; Grzanka, L. (CERN ; Cracow, INP) ; Guaragnella, C. ; Hammerbauer, J. (Pilsen U.) ; Heino, J. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Karev, A. (Munich, Max Planck Inst.) ; Kašpar, J. (Washington U., Seattle) ; Kopal, J. (CERN ; Pilsen U.) ; Kundrát, V. (Prague, Inst. Phys.) ; Lami, S. ; Latino, G. (INFN, Pisa ; Siena U.) ; Lauhakangas, R. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Lippmaa, E. (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Lippmaa, J. (NICPB, Tallinn) ; Lokajíček, M.V. (Prague, Inst. Phys.) ; Losurdo, L. (INFN, Siena ; U. Siena (main)) ; Lo Vetere, M. (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Lucas Rodríguez, F. (CERN) ; Macrí, M. (INFN, Genoa) ; Mercadante, A. (INFN, Bari) ; Minafra, N. (Bari U. ; CERN) ; Minutoli, S. (INFN, Genoa) ; Naaranoja, T. ; Nemes, F. (CERN ; Hungarian Acad. Sci., Budapest) ; Niewiadomski, H. (Brunel U. ; CERN) ; Oliveri, E. (CERN) ; Oljemark, F. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Orava, R. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Oriunno, M. (SLAC) ; Österberg, K. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Palazzi, P. (CERN) ; Passaro, V. ; Peroutka, Z. (Pilsen U.) ; Petruzzelli, V. (Bari Polytechnic) ; Politi, T. ; Procházka, J. (Prague, Inst. Phys.) ; Prudenzano, F. (Bari Polytechnic) ; Quinto, M. (INFN, Bari) ; Radermacher, E. (CERN) ; Radicioni, E. (Bari U. ; INFN, Bari) ; Ravotti, F. (CERN) ; Robutti, E. (INFN, Genoa) ; Ropelewski, L. (CERN) ; Ruggiero, G. (CERN) ; Saarikko, H. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; Scribano, A. (INFN, Pisa ; Pisa U.) ; Smajek, J. (CERN) ; Snoeys, W. (CERN) ; Sodzawiczny, T. (CERN) ; Sziklai, J. (Budapest, RMKI) ; Taylor, C. (Unlisted, UK) ; Turini, N. (INFN, Turin ; Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore) ; Vacek, V. (Prague, Tech. U.) ; Welti, J. (Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Helsinki U.) ; Wyszkowski, P. (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Zielinski, K. (AGH-UST, Cracow)
Publication	2015-10
Imprint	14 Sep 2015
Number of pages	20
Note	Final version published in Nuclear Physics B
In:	Nucl. Phys. B 899 (2015) 527-546
DOI	10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2015.08.010
Subject category	Particle Physics - Experiment
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN LHC ; TOTEM
Free keywords	forward physics ; minimum bias ; experimental results ; Elastic Scattering ; Cross sections ; LHC ; Roman Pot
Abstract	The TOTEM experiment has made a precise measurement of the elastic proton-proton differential cross-section at the centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ = 8TeV based on a high-statistics data sample obtained with the $\beta$* = 90m optics. Both the statistical and systematic uncertainties remain below 1%, except for the t-independent contribution from the overall normalisation. This unprecedented precision allows to exclude a purely exponential differential cross-section in the range of four-momentum transfer squared 0.027 < \|t\| < 0. 2GeV$^2$ with a significance greater than 7 $\sigma$. Two extended parametrisations, with quadratic and cubic polynomials in the exponent, are shown to be well compatible withthe data. Using them for the differential cross-section extrapolation to t = 0, and further applying the optical theorem, yields total cross-section estimates of (101.5 $\pm$ 2.1) mb and (101.9 $\pm$ 2.1) mb, respectively, in agreement with previous TOTEM measurements.
Copyright/License	publication: © 2015-2025 CERN (License: CC-BY-4.0), sponsored by SCOAP³ preprint: © 2015-2025 CERN (License: CC-BY-4.0)

$Difference between vertical scattering angles reconstructed in the right and left arm, for the diagonal 45 bottom - 56 top. Red: data from run start ($0.5$ to $1.5\un{h}$ from the beginning of the run). Blue: data from run end ($10.5$ to $11.5\un{h}$), scaled by $0.1$. The solid lines represent Gaussian fits.$ $Angular resolution for the two-arm reconstruction, Eq.~(\ref{eq:kin 2a}), as a function of time (from the beginning of the run). The step in $\theta_y^*$ resolution around $7\un{h}$ is due to inclusion of another colliding bunch-pair with a larger vertical emittance.$ $Correlation plots for the event selection cuts summarised in Table~\ref{tab:cuts}, using all events with diagonal topology 45 top -- 56 bottom. The black solid lines delimit the signal ($\pm 4\un{\sigma}$) region.$ Show more plots

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