卢维语
卢维语（/ˈluːiən/，在英语中有时也被称作Luvian或者 Luish） 是一种或是一族在印欧语系中的安那托利亚语族里面的语言。按照书写方式的不同，卢维语可分为两种不同的形式：楔形文字式卢维语（Cuneiform Luwian，CLuwian） 和 象形文字式卢维语（Hieroglyphic Luwian，HLuwian）。至于是将它们看作一种语言还是两种语言，在学术界并没有定论。
| 卢维语 | |
|---|---|
| luwili | |
| 母语国家和地区 | 赫梯帝国、阿尔札瓦、新赫梯城邦 |
| 区域 | 安纳托利亚、叙利亚北部 |
| 滅亡 | 约公元前600年 |
| 語系 | |
| 語言代碼 | |
| ISO 639-3 | xlu |
 | |
在安纳托利亚语族中的其他一些语言已经被证实与卢维语非常相似，这表明这些语言在楔形文字式卢维语和象形文字式卢维语中应该有自己的分支。有一些语言学家将这些语言分支称为卢维语支或直接称为卢维语，所以在语言分类上卢维语代表了卢维语中全部的语言。而其他的语言学家，比如梅尔查特，则喜欢用卢维语支来代表这一类语言，用卢维语代表楔形文字式卢维语和象形文字式卢维语。[1]
分类
编辑
安那托利亚
编辑卢维语和赫梯语有很高的相似性。
特洛伊假说
编辑虽然卢维语和吕西亚语并不是同一个直系祖先，但它们有语言学上的联系。[2]所以卢维语也被推测可能是特洛伊人所说的语言。[3]
参考资料
编辑- ^ Melchert 2012，第14頁
- ^ Melchert 2003, pp. 175-7 with ref; Melchert 2008a:46.
- ^ Watkins 1994; Watkins 1995:144–51; Melchert 2003, pp. 265-70 with ref.
延伸阅读
编辑- Beekes, R. S. P. "Luwians and Lydians", Kadmos 42 (2003): 47–9.
- Gander, Max. "Asia, Ionia, Maeonia und Luwiya? Bemerkungen zu den neuen Toponymen aus Kom el-Hettan (Theben-West) mit Exkursen zu Westkleinasien in der Spätbronzezeit". Klio 97/2 (2015): 443-502.
- Gander, Max "The West: Philology". Hittite Landscape and Geography, M. Weeden and L. Z. Ullmann (eds.). Leiden: Brill, 2017. pp. 262–280.
- Hawkins, J. D. "Tarkasnawa King of Mira: 'Tarkendemos', Boğazköy Sealings, and Karabel", Anatolian Studies 48 (1998): 1–31.
- Hawkins, J. D. "The Arzawa letters in recent perspective", British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan 14 (2009): 73–83.
- Hawkins, J. D. "A New Look at the Luwian Language". Kadmos 52/1 (2013): 1-18.
- Laroche, Emmanuel. Catalogue des textes hittites. Paris: Klincksieck, 1971.
- Matessi, A. "The Making of Hittite Imperial Landscapes: Territoriality and Balance of Power in South-Central Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age". Journal of Ancient Near Eastern History, AoP (2017).
- Melchert H. Craig. "Greek mólybdos as a loanword from Lydian", in Anatolian Interfaces: Hittites, Greeks and their Neighbours, eds. B. J. Collins et al. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2008, pp. 153–7.
- Melchert, H. Craig. 'Lycian', in The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor, ed. R. D. Woodard. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008, pp. 46–55, esp. 46.
- Melchert, H. Craig, ed. The Luwians. Boston: Brill, 2003. ISBN 90-04-13009-8.
- Melchert, H. Craig. Anatolian Historical Phonology. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1994.
- Melchert, H. Craig. Cuneiform Luvian Lexicon. Chapel Hill: self-published, 1993.
- Melchert, H. Craig. "PIE velars in Luvian", in Studies in memory of Warren Cowgill (1929–1985): Papers from the Fourth East Coast Indo-European Conference, Cornell University, June 6–9, 1985, ed. C. Watkins. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1987, pp. 182–204.
- Melchert, H. Craig. The Position of Anatolian (PDF). 2012 [2020-03-18]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-09-24）.
- Otten, Heinrich. Zur grammatikalischen und lexikalischen Bestimmung des Luvischen. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1953.
- Rieken, Elisabeth. "Luwier, Lykier, Lyder—alle vom selben Stamm?", in Die Ausbreitung des Indogermanischen: Thesen aus Sprachwissenschaft, Archäologie und Genetik; Akten der Arbeitstagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft, Würzburg, 24–26 September 2009, ed. H. Hettrich & S. Ziegler. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 2012.
- Rosenkranz, Bernhard. Beiträge zur Erforschung des Luvischen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1952.
- Singer, I. 2005. 'On Luwians and Hittites.' Bibliotheca Orientalis 62:430–51. (Review article of Melchert 2003).
- Starke, Frank. 'Troia im Kontext des historisch-politischen und sprachlichen Umfeldes Kleinasiens im 2. Jahrtausend. Studia Troica 7:446–87.
- Starke, Frank. Die keilschrift-luwischen Texte in Umschrift (StBoT 30, 1985)
- Starke, Frank. Untersuchungen zur Stammbildung des keilschrift-luwischen Nomens (StBoT 30, 1990)
- Watkins, C. 1995. How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics. New York and Oxford.
- Watkins, C.1994. 'The Language of the Trojans.' In Selected Writings, ed. L. Oliver et al., vol. 2. 700–717. Innsbruck. = Troy and the Trojan War. A Symposium held at Bryn Mawr College, October 1984, ed. M. Mellink, 45–62. Bryn Mawr.
- Widmer, P. 2006. 'Mykenisch ru-wa-ni-jo, "Luwier".' Kadmos 45:82–84.
- Woudhuizen, Fred. The Language of the Sea Peoples. Amsterdam: Najade Pres, 1992.
- Yakubovich, Ilya. Sociolinguistics of the Luvian Language （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Leiden: Brill, 2010
- Yakubovich, Ilya. "The Origin of Luwian Possessive Adjectives （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". In Proceedings of the 19th Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference, Los Angeles, November 3–4, 2007, ed. K. Jones-Bley et al., Washington: Institute for the Study of Man, 2008.
- Luwian Identities: Culture, Language and Religion between Anatolia and the Aegean. Brill, 2013. ISBN 978-90-04-25279-0 (Hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-25341-4 (e-Book)