File is collection of records or is a place on hard disk, where data is stored permanently.
Operations on files
The operations on files in C programming language are as follows −
- Naming the file
- Opening the file
- Reading from the file
- Writing into the file
- Closing the file
syntax
The syntax for opening a file is as follows −
FILE *File pointer;
For example, FILE * fptr;
The syntax for naming a file is as follows −
File pointer = fopen ("File name", "mode");For example,
fptr = fopen ("sample.txt", "r");
FILE *fp;
fp = fopen ("sample.txt", "w");putc( ) and getc( ) functions
putc( ) function is used for writing a character into a file.
The syntax for putc() function is as follows −
putc (char ch, FILE *fp);
For example,
FILE *fp; char ch; putc(ch, fp);
getc( ) function is used to read a character from file.
The syntax for getc() function is as follows −
char getc (FILE *fp);
For example,
FILE *fp; char ch; ch = getc(fp);
Example
Following is the C program for using putc() and getc() functions −
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
char ch;
FILE *fp;
fp=fopen("std1.txt","w"); //opening file in write mode
printf("enter the text.press cntrl Z:\n");
while((ch = getchar())!=EOF){
putc(ch,fp); // writing each character into the file
}
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen("std1.txt","r");
printf("text on the file:\n");
while ((ch=getc(fp))!=EOF){ // reading each character from file
putchar(ch); // displaying each character on to the screen
}
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}Output
When the above program is executed, it produces the following result −
enter the text.press cntrl Z: Hi Welcome to TutorialsPoint Here I am Presenting Question and answers in C Programming Language ^Z text on the file: Hi Welcome to TutorialsPoint Here I am Presenting Question and answers in C Programming Language